Struct blue_engine::ObjectStorage

pub struct ObjectStorage(/* private fields */);

A unified way to handle objects

This is a container for objects that is used to apply different operations on the objects at the same time. It can deref to the object hashmap itself when needed.

Implementations

impl ObjectStorage

pub fn new() -> Self

Creates a new object storage

impl ObjectStorage

pub fn new_object( &mut self, name: impl StringBuffer, vertices: Vec<Vertex>, indices: Vec<u16>, settings: ObjectSettings, renderer: &mut Renderer ) -> Result<()>

Creates a new object

Examples found in repository

examples/shapes/square.rs (lines 15-45)

pub fn square(name: impl StringBuffer, engine: &mut Engine) -> color_eyre::Result<()> {
    engine.objects.new_object(
        name,
        vec![
            Vertex {
                position: [1.0, 1.0, 0.0],
                uv: [1.0, 1.0],
                normal: [0f32, 0f32, 0f32],
            },
            Vertex {
                position: [1.0, -1.0, 0.0],
                uv: [1.0, 0.0],
                normal: [0f32, 0f32, 0f32],
            },
            Vertex {
                position: [-1.0, -1.0, 0.0],
                uv: [0.0, 1.0],
                normal: [0f32, 0f32, 0f32],
            },
            Vertex {
                position: [-1.0, 1.0, 0.0],
                uv: [0.0, 0.0],
                normal: [0f32, 0f32, 0f32],
            },
        ],
        vec![2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3],
        ObjectSettings {
            camera_effect: false,
            ..Default::default()
        },
        &mut engine.renderer,
    )?;

    Ok(())
}

pub fn add_object( &mut self, key: impl StringBuffer, object: Object ) -> Result<()>

Adds an object to the storage

pub fn update_object<T: Fn(&mut Object)>( &mut self, key: impl StringBuffer, callback: T )

Allows for safe update of objects

Examples found in repository

examples/utils/instancing.rs (lines 29-47)

pub fn main() {
    // start the engine
    let mut engine = Engine::new().expect("window not created");

    // create a triangle
    triangle(
        "Triangle",
        ObjectSettings::default(),
        &mut engine.renderer,
        &mut engine.objects,
    )
    .unwrap();

    // update the triangle
    engine.objects.update_object("Triangle", |object| {
        // set the position of the main triangle
        object.set_position(0f32, 0f32, -3f32);

        // a function to make instance creation easier
        let create_instance = |x: f32, y: f32, z: f32| {
            Instance::new(
                [x, y, z].into(),
                [0f32, 0f32, 0f32].into(),
                [1f32, 1f32, 1f32].into(),
            )
        };

        // add an instance
        object.add_instance(create_instance(2f32, 1f32, -2f32));
        object.add_instance(create_instance(2f32, -1f32, -2f32));
        object.add_instance(create_instance(-2f32, 1f32, -2f32));
        object.add_instance(create_instance(-2f32, -1f32, -2f32));
    });

    // we manually update the instance buffer before the next frame starts
    // this is due to the object updates happening after every frame, hence
    // for the first frame, we need to update it ourselves.
    engine
        .objects
        .get_mut("Triangle")
        .expect("Couldn't get the triangle")
        .update_instance_buffer(&mut engine.renderer)
        .expect("Couldn't update instance buffer");

    // run the loop as normal
    engine
        .update_loop(move |_, _, _, _, _, _| {})
        .expect("Error during update loop");
}

Methods from Deref<Target = HashMap<String, Object>>

pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of elements the map can hold without reallocating.

This number is a lower bound; the HashMap<K, V> might be able to hold more, but is guaranteed to be able to hold at least this many.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;
let map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);

pub fn keys(&self) -> Keys<'_, K, V>

An iterator visiting all keys in arbitrary order. The iterator element type is &'a K.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let map = HashMap::from([
    ("a", 1),
    ("b", 2),
    ("c", 3),
]);

for key in map.keys() {
    println!("{key}");
}

Performance

In the current implementation, iterating over keys takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn values(&self) -> Values<'_, K, V>

An iterator visiting all values in arbitrary order. The iterator element type is &'a V.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let map = HashMap::from([
    ("a", 1),
    ("b", 2),
    ("c", 3),
]);

for val in map.values() {
    println!("{val}");
}

Performance

In the current implementation, iterating over values takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn values_mut(&mut self) -> ValuesMut<'_, K, V>

An iterator visiting all values mutably in arbitrary order. The iterator element type is &'a mut V.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::from([
    ("a", 1),
    ("b", 2),
    ("c", 3),
]);

for val in map.values_mut() {
    *val = *val + 10;
}

for val in map.values() {
    println!("{val}");
}

Performance

In the current implementation, iterating over values takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, K, V>

An iterator visiting all key-value pairs in arbitrary order. The iterator element type is (&'a K, &'a V).

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let map = HashMap::from([
    ("a", 1),
    ("b", 2),
    ("c", 3),
]);

for (key, val) in map.iter() {
    println!("key: {key} val: {val}");
}

Performance

In the current implementation, iterating over map takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> IterMut<'_, K, V>

An iterator visiting all key-value pairs in arbitrary order, with mutable references to the values. The iterator element type is (&'a K, &'a mut V).

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::from([
    ("a", 1),
    ("b", 2),
    ("c", 3),
]);

// Update all values
for (_, val) in map.iter_mut() {
    *val *= 2;
}

for (key, val) in &map {
    println!("key: {key} val: {val}");
}

Performance

In the current implementation, iterating over map takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of elements in the map.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut a = HashMap::new();
assert_eq!(a.len(), 0);
a.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(a.len(), 1);

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the map contains no elements.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut a = HashMap::new();
assert!(a.is_empty());
a.insert(1, "a");
assert!(!a.is_empty());

pub fn drain(&mut self) -> Drain<'_, K, V>

Clears the map, returning all key-value pairs as an iterator. Keeps the allocated memory for reuse.

If the returned iterator is dropped before being fully consumed, it drops the remaining key-value pairs. The returned iterator keeps a mutable borrow on the map to optimize its implementation.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut a = HashMap::new();
a.insert(1, "a");
a.insert(2, "b");

for (k, v) in a.drain().take(1) {
    assert!(k == 1 || k == 2);
    assert!(v == "a" || v == "b");
}

assert!(a.is_empty());

pub fn extract_if<F>(&mut self, pred: F) -> ExtractIf<'_, K, V, F>

where F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (hash_extract_if)

Creates an iterator which uses a closure to determine if an element should be removed.

If the closure returns true, the element is removed from the map and yielded. If the closure returns false, or panics, the element remains in the map and will not be yielded.

Note that extract_if lets you mutate every value in the filter closure, regardless of whether you choose to keep or remove it.

If the returned ExtractIf is not exhausted, e.g. because it is dropped without iterating or the iteration short-circuits, then the remaining elements will be retained. Use retain with a negated predicate if you do not need the returned iterator.

Examples

Splitting a map into even and odd keys, reusing the original map:

#![feature(hash_extract_if)]
use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = (0..8).map(|x| (x, x)).collect();
let extracted: HashMap<i32, i32> = map.extract_if(|k, _v| k % 2 == 0).collect();

let mut evens = extracted.keys().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
let mut odds = map.keys().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
evens.sort();
odds.sort();

assert_eq!(evens, vec![0, 2, 4, 6]);
assert_eq!(odds, vec![1, 3, 5, 7]);

pub fn retain<F>(&mut self, f: F)

where F: FnMut(&K, &mut V) -> bool,

Retains only the elements specified by the predicate.

In other words, remove all pairs (k, v) for which f(&k, &mut v) returns false. The elements are visited in unsorted (and unspecified) order.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = (0..8).map(|x| (x, x*10)).collect();
map.retain(|&k, _| k % 2 == 0);
assert_eq!(map.len(), 4);

Performance

In the current implementation, this operation takes O(capacity) time instead of O(len) because it internally visits empty buckets too.

pub fn clear(&mut self)

Clears the map, removing all key-value pairs. Keeps the allocated memory for reuse.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut a = HashMap::new();
a.insert(1, "a");
a.clear();
assert!(a.is_empty());

pub fn hasher(&self) -> &S

Returns a reference to the map’s BuildHasher.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::hash::RandomState;

let hasher = RandomState::new();
let map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_hasher(hasher);
let hasher: &RandomState = map.hasher();

pub fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

Reserves capacity for at least additional more elements to be inserted in the HashMap. The collection may reserve more space to speculatively avoid frequent reallocations. After calling reserve, capacity will be greater than or equal to self.len() + additional. Does nothing if capacity is already sufficient.

Panics

Panics if the new allocation size overflows usize.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;
let mut map: HashMap<&str, i32> = HashMap::new();
map.reserve(10);

pub fn try_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) -> Result<(), TryReserveError>

Tries to reserve capacity for at least additional more elements to be inserted in the HashMap. The collection may reserve more space to speculatively avoid frequent reallocations. After calling try_reserve, capacity will be greater than or equal to self.len() + additional if it returns Ok(()). Does nothing if capacity is already sufficient.

Errors

If the capacity overflows, or the allocator reports a failure, then an error is returned.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map: HashMap<&str, isize> = HashMap::new();
map.try_reserve(10).expect("why is the test harness OOMing on a handful of bytes?");

pub fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self)

Shrinks the capacity of the map as much as possible. It will drop down as much as possible while maintaining the internal rules and possibly leaving some space in accordance with the resize policy.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
map.insert(1, 2);
map.insert(3, 4);
assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);
map.shrink_to_fit();
assert!(map.capacity() >= 2);

pub fn shrink_to(&mut self, min_capacity: usize)

Shrinks the capacity of the map with a lower limit. It will drop down no lower than the supplied limit while maintaining the internal rules and possibly leaving some space in accordance with the resize policy.

If the current capacity is less than the lower limit, this is a no-op.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map: HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::with_capacity(100);
map.insert(1, 2);
map.insert(3, 4);
assert!(map.capacity() >= 100);
map.shrink_to(10);
assert!(map.capacity() >= 10);
map.shrink_to(0);
assert!(map.capacity() >= 2);

pub fn entry(&mut self, key: K) -> Entry<'_, K, V>

Gets the given key’s corresponding entry in the map for in-place manipulation.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut letters = HashMap::new();

for ch in "a short treatise on fungi".chars() {
    letters.entry(ch).and_modify(|counter| *counter += 1).or_insert(1);
}

assert_eq!(letters[&'s'], 2);
assert_eq!(letters[&'t'], 3);
assert_eq!(letters[&'u'], 1);
assert_eq!(letters.get(&'y'), None);

pub fn get<Q>(&self, k: &Q) -> Option<&V>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Returns a reference to the value corresponding to the key.

The key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.get(&1), Some(&"a"));
assert_eq!(map.get(&2), None);

pub fn get_key_value<Q>(&self, k: &Q) -> Option<(&K, &V)>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Returns the key-value pair corresponding to the supplied key.

The supplied key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.get_key_value(&1), Some((&1, &"a")));
assert_eq!(map.get_key_value(&2), None);

pub fn get_many_mut<Q, const N: usize>( &mut self, ks: [&Q; N] ) -> Option<[&mut V; N]>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (map_many_mut)

Attempts to get mutable references to N values in the map at once.

Returns an array of length N with the results of each query. For soundness, at most one mutable reference will be returned to any value. None will be returned if any of the keys are duplicates or missing.

Examples

#![feature(map_many_mut)]
use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut libraries = HashMap::new();
libraries.insert("Bodleian Library".to_string(), 1602);
libraries.insert("Athenæum".to_string(), 1807);
libraries.insert("Herzogin-Anna-Amalia-Bibliothek".to_string(), 1691);
libraries.insert("Library of Congress".to_string(), 1800);

let got = libraries.get_many_mut([
    "Athenæum",
    "Library of Congress",
]);
assert_eq!(
    got,
    Some([
        &mut 1807,
        &mut 1800,
    ]),
);

// Missing keys result in None
let got = libraries.get_many_mut([
    "Athenæum",
    "New York Public Library",
]);
assert_eq!(got, None);

// Duplicate keys result in None
let got = libraries.get_many_mut([
    "Athenæum",
    "Athenæum",
]);
assert_eq!(got, None);

pub unsafe fn get_many_unchecked_mut<Q, const N: usize>( &mut self, ks: [&Q; N] ) -> Option<[&mut V; N]>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (map_many_mut)

Attempts to get mutable references to N values in the map at once, without validating that the values are unique.

Returns an array of length N with the results of each query. None will be returned if any of the keys are missing.

For a safe alternative see get_many_mut.

Safety

Calling this method with overlapping keys is undefined behavior even if the resulting references are not used.

Examples

#![feature(map_many_mut)]
use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut libraries = HashMap::new();
libraries.insert("Bodleian Library".to_string(), 1602);
libraries.insert("Athenæum".to_string(), 1807);
libraries.insert("Herzogin-Anna-Amalia-Bibliothek".to_string(), 1691);
libraries.insert("Library of Congress".to_string(), 1800);

let got = libraries.get_many_mut([
    "Athenæum",
    "Library of Congress",
]);
assert_eq!(
    got,
    Some([
        &mut 1807,
        &mut 1800,
    ]),
);

// Missing keys result in None
let got = libraries.get_many_mut([
    "Athenæum",
    "New York Public Library",
]);
assert_eq!(got, None);

pub fn contains_key<Q>(&self, k: &Q) -> bool

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Returns true if the map contains a value for the specified key.

The key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.contains_key(&1), true);
assert_eq!(map.contains_key(&2), false);

pub fn get_mut<Q>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<&mut V>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Returns a mutable reference to the value corresponding to the key.

The key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
if let Some(x) = map.get_mut(&1) {
    *x = "b";
}
assert_eq!(map[&1], "b");

pub fn insert(&mut self, k: K, v: V) -> Option<V>

Inserts a key-value pair into the map.

If the map did not have this key present, None is returned.

If the map did have this key present, the value is updated, and the old value is returned. The key is not updated, though; this matters for types that can be == without being identical. See the module-level documentation for more.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
assert_eq!(map.insert(37, "a"), None);
assert_eq!(map.is_empty(), false);

map.insert(37, "b");
assert_eq!(map.insert(37, "c"), Some("b"));
assert_eq!(map[&37], "c");

pub fn try_insert( &mut self, key: K, value: V ) -> Result<&mut V, OccupiedError<'_, K, V>>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (map_try_insert)

Tries to insert a key-value pair into the map, and returns a mutable reference to the value in the entry.

If the map already had this key present, nothing is updated, and an error containing the occupied entry and the value is returned.

Examples

Basic usage:

#![feature(map_try_insert)]

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
assert_eq!(map.try_insert(37, "a").unwrap(), &"a");

let err = map.try_insert(37, "b").unwrap_err();
assert_eq!(err.entry.key(), &37);
assert_eq!(err.entry.get(), &"a");
assert_eq!(err.value, "b");

pub fn remove<Q>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<V>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Removes a key from the map, returning the value at the key if the key was previously in the map.

The key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), Some("a"));
assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), None);

pub fn remove_entry<Q>(&mut self, k: &Q) -> Option<(K, V)>

where K: Borrow<Q>, Q: Hash + Eq + ?Sized,

Removes a key from the map, returning the stored key and value if the key was previously in the map.

The key may be any borrowed form of the map’s key type, but Hash and Eq on the borrowed form must match those for the key type.

Examples

use std::collections::HashMap;

let mut map = HashMap::new();
map.insert(1, "a");
assert_eq!(map.remove_entry(&1), Some((1, "a")));
assert_eq!(map.remove(&1), None);

pub fn raw_entry_mut(&mut self) -> RawEntryBuilderMut<'_, K, V, S>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (hash_raw_entry)

Creates a raw entry builder for the HashMap.

Raw entries provide the lowest level of control for searching and manipulating a map. They must be manually initialized with a hash and then manually searched. After this, insertions into a vacant entry still require an owned key to be provided.

Raw entries are useful for such exotic situations as:

• Hash memoization
• Deferring the creation of an owned key until it is known to be required
• Using a search key that doesn’t work with the Borrow trait
• Using custom comparison logic without newtype wrappers

Because raw entries provide much more low-level control, it’s much easier to put the HashMap into an inconsistent state which, while memory-safe, will cause the map to produce seemingly random results. Higher-level and more foolproof APIs like entry should be preferred when possible.

In particular, the hash used to initialized the raw entry must still be consistent with the hash of the key that is ultimately stored in the entry. This is because implementations of HashMap may need to recompute hashes when resizing, at which point only the keys are available.

Raw entries give mutable access to the keys. This must not be used to modify how the key would compare or hash, as the map will not re-evaluate where the key should go, meaning the keys may become “lost” if their location does not reflect their state. For instance, if you change a key so that the map now contains keys which compare equal, search may start acting erratically, with two keys randomly masking each other. Implementations are free to assume this doesn’t happen (within the limits of memory-safety).

pub fn raw_entry(&self) -> RawEntryBuilder<'_, K, V, S>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (hash_raw_entry)

Creates a raw immutable entry builder for the HashMap.

Raw entries provide the lowest level of control for searching and manipulating a map. They must be manually initialized with a hash and then manually searched.

This is useful for

• Hash memoization
• Using a search key that doesn’t work with the Borrow trait
• Using custom comparison logic without newtype wrappers

Unless you are in such a situation, higher-level and more foolproof APIs like get should be preferred.

Immutable raw entries have very limited use; you might instead want raw_entry_mut.

Trait Implementations

impl Debug for ObjectStorage

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Deref for ObjectStorage

type Target = HashMap<String, Object>

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target

Dereferences the value.

impl DerefMut for ObjectStorage

fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target

Mutably dereferences the value.

impl Send for ObjectStorage

impl Sync for ObjectStorage