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//! An operation to 'apply' a CloudFormation template to an AWS environment. use std::{fmt, future::Future, pin::Pin, task}; use async_stream::try_stream; use chrono::{DateTime, Utc}; use futures_util::{Stream, TryFutureExt, TryStreamExt}; use rusoto_cloudformation::{ CloudFormation, CreateChangeSetInput, DescribeStacksInput, Stack, Tag, }; use rusoto_core::RusotoError; use serde_plain::{forward_display_to_serde, forward_from_str_to_serde}; use crate::{ change_set::{ create_change_set, execute_change_set, ChangeSet, ChangeSetWithType, CreateChangeSetError, }, stack::StackOperationError, ChangeSetStatus, StackEvent, StackFailure, StackStatus, StackWarning, }; /// The input for the `apply_stack` operation. /// /// You can create an apply stack input via the [`new`](Self::new) associated function. Setters are /// also available to make construction as ergonomic as possible. /// /// ```no_run /// use rusoto_cloudformation::Tag; /// # use rusoto_cloudformation::CloudFormationClient; /// # use rusoto_core::Region; /// use cloudformatious::{ApplyStackInput, Capability, CloudFormatious, Parameter, TemplateSource}; /// /// # #[tokio::main] /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// # let client = CloudFormationClient::new(Region::EuWest2); /// let input = ApplyStackInput::new("my-stack", TemplateSource::inline("{}")) /// .set_capabilities([Capability::Iam]) /// .set_client_request_token("hello") /// .set_notification_arns(["arn:foo"]) /// .set_parameters([Parameter { key: "hello".to_string(), value: "world".to_string() }]) /// .set_resource_types(["AWS::IAM::Role"]) /// .set_role_arn("arn:foo") /// .set_tags([Tag { key: "hello".to_string(), value: "world".to_string() }]); /// let output = client.apply_stack(input).await?; /// // ... /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` #[derive(Clone, Debug)] #[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)] pub struct ApplyStackInput { /// Capabilities to explicitly acknowledge. /// /// See [`Capability`] for more information. pub capabilities: Vec<Capability>, /// A unique identifier for this `apply_stack` operation. /// /// Specify this token if you plan to retry requests so that AWS CloudFormation knows that /// you're not attempting to apply a stack with the same name. You might retry `apply_stack` /// requests to ensure that AWS CloudFormation successfully received them. /// /// All events triggered by a given stack operation are assigned the same client request token, /// which are used to track operations. pub client_request_token: Option<String>, /// The Simple Notification Service (SNS) topic ARNs to publish stack related events. /// /// You can find your SNS topic ARNs using the SNS console or your Command Line Interface (CLI). pub notification_arns: Vec<String>, /// A list of input parameters for the stack. /// /// If you don't specify a key and value for a particular parameter, AWS CloudFormation uses the /// default value that is specified in your template. /// /// Note that, unlike when directly updating a stack, it is not possible to reuse previous /// values of parameters. pub parameters: Vec<Parameter>, /// The template resource types that you have permissions to work with for this `apply_stack` /// operation, such as `AWS::EC2::Instance`, `AWS::EC2::*`, or `Custom::MyCustomInstance`. /// /// Use the following syntax to describe template resource types: /// /// - `AWS::*` for all AWS resources. /// - `Custom::*` for all custom resources. /// - `Custom::`*`logical_ID`* for a specific custom resource. /// - `AWS::`*`service_name`*`::*` for all resources of a particular AWS service. /// - `AWS::`*`service_name`*`::`*`resource_logical_ID`* for a specific AWS resource. /// /// If the list of resource types doesn't include a resource that you're applying, the operation /// fails. By default, AWS CloudFormation grants permissions to all resource types. AWS Identity /// and Access Management (IAM) uses this parameter for AWS CloudFormation-specific condition /// keys in IAM policies. For more information, see [Controlling Access with AWS Identity and /// Access Management][1]. /// /// [1]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/using-iam-template.html pub resource_types: Option<Vec<String>>, /// The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of an AWS Identity And Access Management (IAM) role that AWS /// CloudFormation assumes to apply the stack. /// /// AWS CloudFormation uses the role's credentials to make calls on your behalf. AWS /// CloudFormation always uses this role for all future operations on the stack. As long as /// users have permission to operate on the stack, AWS CloudFormation uses this role even if the /// users don't have permission to pass it. Ensure that the role grants least privilege. /// /// If you don't specify a value, AWS CloudFormation uses the role that was previously /// associated with the stack. If no role is available, AWS CloudFormation uses a temporary /// session that is generated from your user credentials. pub role_arn: Option<String>, /// The name that is associated with the stack. /// /// The name must be unique in the region in which you are creating the stack. /// /// A stack name can contain only alphanumeric characters (case sensitive) and hyphens. It must /// start with an alphabetic character and cannot be longer than 128 characters. pub stack_name: String, /// Key-value pairs to associate with this stack. /// /// AWS CloudFormation also propagates these tags to the resources created in the stack. A /// maximum number of 50 tags can be specified. pub tags: Vec<Tag>, /// Source for the template body to apply. /// /// For more information about templates, go to [Template Anatomy][1] in the AWS CloudFormation /// User Guide. /// /// [1]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/template-anatomy.html pub template_source: TemplateSource, } impl ApplyStackInput { /// Construct an input for the given `stack_name` and `template_source`. pub fn new(stack_name: impl Into<String>, template_source: TemplateSource) -> Self { Self { stack_name: stack_name.into(), template_source, capabilities: Vec::new(), client_request_token: None, notification_arns: Vec::new(), parameters: Vec::new(), resource_types: None, role_arn: None, tags: Vec::new(), } } /// Set the value for `capabilities`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_capabilities(mut self, capabilities: impl Into<Vec<Capability>>) -> Self { self.capabilities = capabilities.into(); self } /// Set the value for `client_request_token`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_client_request_token(mut self, client_request_token: impl Into<String>) -> Self { self.client_request_token = Some(client_request_token.into()); self } /// Set the value for `notification_arns`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_notification_arns<I, S>(mut self, notification_arns: I) -> Self where I: Into<Vec<S>>, S: Into<String>, { self.notification_arns = notification_arns .into() .into_iter() .map(Into::into) .collect(); self } /// Set the value for `parameters`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_parameters(mut self, parameters: impl Into<Vec<Parameter>>) -> Self { self.parameters = parameters.into(); self } /// Set the value for `resource_types`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_resource_types<I, S>(mut self, resource_types: I) -> Self where I: Into<Vec<S>>, S: Into<String>, { self.resource_types = Some(resource_types.into().into_iter().map(Into::into).collect()); self } /// Set the value for `role_arn`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_role_arn(mut self, role_arn: impl Into<String>) -> Self { self.role_arn = Some(role_arn.into()); self } /// Set the value for `tags`. /// /// **Note:** this consumes and returns `self` for chaining. pub fn set_tags(mut self, tags: impl Into<Vec<Tag>>) -> Self { self.tags = tags.into(); self } fn into_raw(self) -> CreateChangeSetInput { let (template_body, template_url) = match self.template_source { TemplateSource::Inline { body } => (Some(body), None), TemplateSource::S3 { url } => (None, Some(url)), }; CreateChangeSetInput { capabilities: Some(self.capabilities.iter().map(ToString::to_string).collect()), change_set_name: format!("apply-stack-{}", Utc::now().timestamp_millis()), change_set_type: Some("CREATE".to_string()), notification_ar_ns: Some(self.notification_arns), parameters: Some( self.parameters .into_iter() .map(Parameter::into_raw) .collect(), ), resource_types: self.resource_types, role_arn: self.role_arn, stack_name: self.stack_name, tags: Some(self.tags), template_body, template_url, ..CreateChangeSetInput::default() } } } /// In some cases, you must explicitly acknowledge that your stack template contains certain /// capabilities in order for AWS CloudFormation to create (or update) the stack. /// /// - `CAPABILITY_IAM` and `CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM` /// /// Some stack templates might include resources that can affect permissions in your AWS /// account; for example, by creating new AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) users. For /// those stacks, you must explicitly acknowledge this by specifying one of these /// capabilities. /// /// The following IAM resources require you to specify either `CAPABILITY_IAM` or /// `CAPABILITY_NAMES_IAM` capability. /// /// - If you have IAM resources, you can specify either capability. /// - If you have IAM resources with custom names, you *must* specify `CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM`. /// - If you don't specify either of these capabilities, AWS CloudFormation returns an /// `InsufficientCapabilities` error. /// /// If you stack template contains these resources, we recommend that you review all /// permissions associated with them and edit their permissions if necessary. /// /// - `AWS::IAM::AccessKey` /// - `AWS::IAM::Group` /// - `AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile` /// - `AWS::IAM::Policy` /// - `AWS::IAM::Role` /// - `AWS::IAM::User` /// - `AWS::IAM::UserToGroupAddition` /// /// For more information, see /// [Acknowledging IAM Resources in AWS CloudFormation Templates][1]. /// /// - `CAPABILITY_AUTO_EXPAND` /// /// Some template contain macros. Macros perform custom processing on templates; this can /// include simple actions like find-and-replace operations, all the way to extensive /// transformations of entire templates. Because of this, users typically create a change set /// from the processed template, so that they can review the changes resulting from the macros /// before actually creating the stack. If your template contains one or more macros, and you /// choose to create a stack directly from the processed template, without first reviewing the /// resulting changes in a change set, you must acknowledge this capability. This includes the /// [`AWS::Include`] and [`AWS::Serverless`] transforms, which are macros hosted by AWS /// CloudFormation. /// /// This capacity does not apply to creating change sets, and specifying it when creating /// change sets has no effect. /// /// If you want to create a stack from a stack template that contains macros *and* nested /// stacks, you must create or update the stack directly from the template using the /// `CreateStack` or `UpdateStack` action, and specifying this capability. /// /// For more information on macros, see [Using AWS CloudFormation Macros to Perform Custom /// Processing on Templates][2]. /// /// [1]: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/using-iam-template.html#capabilities /// [2]: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/template-macros.html /// [`AWS::Include`]: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/create-reusable-transform-function-snippets-and-add-to-your-template-with-aws-include-transform.html /// [`AWS::Serverless`]: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/transform-aws-serverless.html #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)] pub enum Capability { /// Acknowledge IAM resources (*without* custom names only). #[serde(rename = "CAPABILITY_IAM")] Iam, /// Acknowledge IAM resources (with or without custom names). #[serde(rename = "CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM")] NamedIam, /// Acknowledge macro expansion. #[serde(rename = "CAPABILITY_AUTO_EXPAND")] AutoExpand, } forward_display_to_serde!(Capability); forward_from_str_to_serde!(Capability); /// An input parameter for an `apply_stack` operation. /// /// Note that, unlike when directly updating a stack, it is not possible to reuse previous /// values of parameters. #[derive(Clone, Debug)] pub struct Parameter { /// The key associated with the parameter. pub key: String, /// The input value associated with the parameter. pub value: String, } impl Parameter { fn into_raw(self) -> rusoto_cloudformation::Parameter { rusoto_cloudformation::Parameter { parameter_key: Some(self.key), parameter_value: Some(self.value), ..rusoto_cloudformation::Parameter::default() } } } /// Source for a template body. /// /// Templates can be specified for CloudFormation APIs in one of two ways: /// /// - As a JSON string, inline with the request. /// - As a URL to a template file on S3. /// /// See the variant documentation for more information. #[derive(Clone, Debug)] pub enum TemplateSource { /// Structure containing the template body with a minimum length of 1 byte and a maximum length /// of 51,200 bytes. /// /// For more information, go to [Template Anatomy][1] in the AWS CloudFormation User Guide. /// /// [1]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/template-anatomy.html Inline { body: String }, /// Location of file containing the template body. /// /// The URL must point to a template (max size: 460,800 bytes) that is located in an Amazon S3 /// bucket. For more information, go to the [Template Anatomy][1] in the AWS CloudFormation User /// Guide. /// /// [1]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/template-anatomy.html S3 { url: String }, } impl TemplateSource { /// Construct an [`Inline`](Self::Inline) template source for the given `body`. #[must_use] pub fn inline(body: impl Into<String>) -> Self { Self::Inline { body: body.into() } } /// Construct an [`S3`](Self::S3) template source for the given `url`. #[must_use] pub fn s3(url: impl Into<String>) -> Self { Self::S3 { url: url.into() } } } /// The output of the `apply_stack` operation. #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)] #[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)] pub struct ApplyStackOutput { /// The unique ID of the change set. pub change_set_id: String, /// The time at which the stack was created. pub creation_time: DateTime<Utc>, /// A user-defined description associated with the stack. pub description: Option<String>, /// The time the stack was last updated. /// /// This field will only be set if the stack has been updated at least once. pub last_updated_time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>, /// A list of output structures. pub outputs: Vec<StackOutput>, /// Unique identifier for the stack. pub stack_id: String, /// The name associated with the stack. pub stack_name: String, /// Current status of the stack. pub stack_status: StackStatus, /// A list of [`Tag`]s that specify information about the stack. pub tags: Vec<Tag>, } impl ApplyStackOutput { fn from_raw(stack: Stack) -> Self { Self { change_set_id: stack.change_set_id.expect("Stack without change_set_id"), creation_time: DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(&stack.creation_time) .expect("Stack invalid creation_time") .into(), description: stack.description, last_updated_time: stack.last_updated_time.as_deref().map(|last_updated_time| { DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(last_updated_time) .expect("Stack invalid last_updated_time") .into() }), outputs: stack .outputs .map(|outputs| { outputs .into_iter() .map(|output| StackOutput { description: output.description, export_name: output.export_name, key: output.output_key.expect("StackOutput without output_key"), value: output .output_value .expect("StackOutput without output_value"), }) .collect() }) .unwrap_or_default(), stack_id: stack.stack_id.expect("Stack without stack_id"), stack_name: stack.stack_name, stack_status: stack.stack_status.parse().expect("invalid stack status"), tags: stack.tags.unwrap_or_default(), } } } /// An output from an `apply_stack` operation. #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)] pub struct StackOutput { /// User defined description associated with the output. pub description: Option<String>, /// The name of the export associated with the output. pub export_name: Option<String>, /// The key associated with the output. pub key: String, /// The value associated with the output. pub value: String, } /// Errors emitted by an `apply_stack` operation. #[derive(Debug)] #[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)] pub enum ApplyStackError { /// A CloudFormation API error occurred. /// /// This is likely to be due to invalid input parameters or missing CloudFormation permissions. /// The inner error should have a descriptive message. /// /// **Note:** the inner error will always be some variant of [`RusotoError`], but since they are /// generic over the type of service errors we either need a variant per API used, or `Box`. If /// you do need to programmatically match a particular API error you can use [`Box::downcast`]. CloudFormationApi(Box<dyn std::error::Error>), /// The change set failed to create. /// /// Change sets are created asynchronously and may settle in a `FAILED` state. Trying to execute /// a `FAILED` change set will fail (who would have guessed). This error includes details of the /// failing change set to help diagnose errors. CreateChangeSetFailed { /// The id of the failed change set. id: String, /// The status of the failed change set. status: ChangeSetStatus, /// The reason the change set failed to create. status_reason: String, }, /// The apply stack operation failed. Failure(StackFailure), /// The apply stack operation succeeded with warnings. /// /// It is possible for resource errors to occur even when the overall operation succeeds, such /// as failing to delete a resource during clean-up after a successful update. Rather than /// letting this pass silently, or relying on carefully interrogating `StackEvent`s, the /// operation returns an error. /// /// Note that the error includes the [`ApplyStackOutput`], since the stack did settle into a /// successful status. If you don't care about non-critical resource errors you can use this to /// simply map this variant away: /// /// ```no_run /// # use rusoto_cloudformation::CloudFormationClient; /// # use cloudformatious::{ApplyStackError, CloudFormatious}; /// # #[tokio::main] /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), ApplyStackError> { /// # let client: CloudFormationClient = todo!(); /// # let input = todo!(); /// let output = client /// .apply_stack(input) /// .await /// .or_else(|error| match error { /// ApplyStackError::Warning { output, .. } => Ok(output), /// error => Err(error), /// })?; /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` Warning { /// The operation output. output: ApplyStackOutput, /// Details of what went wrong. warning: StackWarning, }, } impl ApplyStackError { fn from_rusoto_error<E: std::error::Error + 'static>(error: RusotoError<E>) -> Self { Self::CloudFormationApi(error.into()) } } impl fmt::Display for ApplyStackError { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { match self { Self::CloudFormationApi(error) => { write!(f, "CloudFormation API error: {}", error) } Self::CreateChangeSetFailed { id, status, status_reason, } => { write!( f, "Change set {} failed to create; terminal status: {} ({})", id, status, status_reason ) } Self::Failure(failure) => write!(f, "{}", failure), Self::Warning { warning, .. } => write!(f, "{}", warning), } } } impl std::error::Error for ApplyStackError { fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> { match self { Self::CloudFormationApi(error) => Some(error.as_ref()), Self::CreateChangeSetFailed { .. } | Self::Failure { .. } | Self::Warning { .. } => { None } } } } /// An ongoing `apply_stack` operation. /// /// This implements `Future`, which will simply wait for the operation to conclude. If you want to /// observe progress, see [`ApplyStack::events`]. pub struct ApplyStack<'client> { /// The stream of internal events that drives the different levels of the API. /// /// This might not be the best way of driving things, but it works with a few rough edges in the /// form of various possible panics that could arise from unanticipated execution patterns (e.g. /// attempting to await multiple times, or calling APIs out of order). event_stream: Pin<Box<dyn Stream<Item = Result<ApplyStackEvent, ApplyStackError>> + 'client>>, /// The `ApplyStackOutput` is moved here once it's been emitted by the stream. output: Option<Result<ApplyStackOutput, ApplyStackError>>, } impl<'client> ApplyStack<'client> { pub(crate) fn new<Client: CloudFormation>( client: &'client Client, input: ApplyStackInput, ) -> Self { let event_stream = try_stream! { let (stack_id, change_set_id, change_set_type) = match create_change_set_internal(client, input).await? { Ok(ChangeSetWithType { change_set, change_set_type, }) => { let stack_id = change_set.stack_id.clone(); let change_set_id = change_set.change_set_id.clone(); yield ApplyStackEvent::ChangeSet(change_set); (stack_id, change_set_id, change_set_type) } Err(ChangeSetWithType { change_set, .. }) => { let stack_id = change_set.stack_id.clone(); yield ApplyStackEvent::ChangeSet(change_set); let output = describe_output(client, stack_id).await?; yield ApplyStackEvent::Output(output); return; } }; let mut operation = execute_change_set(client, stack_id.clone(), change_set_id, change_set_type) .await .map_err(ApplyStackError::from_rusoto_error)?; while let Some(event) = operation .try_next() .await .map_err(ApplyStackError::from_rusoto_error)? { yield ApplyStackEvent::Event(event); } let warning = match operation.verify() { Err(StackOperationError::Failure(failure)) => { Err(ApplyStackError::Failure(failure))?; unreachable!() } Ok(_) => None, Err(StackOperationError::Warning(warning)) => Some(warning), }; let output = describe_output(client, stack_id).await?; match warning { Some(warning) => { Err(ApplyStackError::Warning { output, warning })?; unreachable!() } None => yield ApplyStackEvent::Output(output), }; }; Self { event_stream: Box::pin(event_stream), output: None, } } /// Get the `ChangeSet` that will be applied. /// /// The change set will not be executed if you never poll again. pub fn change_set(&mut self) -> ApplyStackChangeSet<'client, '_> { ApplyStackChangeSet(self) } /// Get a `Stream` of `StackEvent`s. pub fn events(&mut self) -> ApplyStackEvents<'client, '_> { ApplyStackEvents(self) } } impl Future for ApplyStack<'_> { type Output = Result<ApplyStackOutput, ApplyStackError>; fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, ctx: &mut task::Context) -> task::Poll<Self::Output> { loop { match self.event_stream.as_mut().poll_next(ctx) { task::Poll::Pending => return task::Poll::Pending, task::Poll::Ready(None) => { return task::Poll::Ready( self.output .take() .expect("end of stream without err or output"), ) } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::ChangeSet(_)))) | task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Event(_)))) => continue, task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Output(output)))) => { self.output.replace(Ok(output)); continue; } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Err(error))) => { self.output.replace(Err(error)); continue; } } } } } /// Return value of [`ApplyStack::change_set`]. #[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)] pub struct ApplyStackChangeSet<'client, 'apply>(&'apply mut ApplyStack<'client>); impl Future for ApplyStackChangeSet<'_, '_> { type Output = Result<ChangeSet, ApplyStackError>; fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, ctx: &mut task::Context) -> task::Poll<Self::Output> { loop { match self.0.event_stream.as_mut().poll_next(ctx) { task::Poll::Pending => return task::Poll::Pending, task::Poll::Ready(None) => match self.0.output.take() { None => panic!("end of stream without change set"), Some(Ok(_)) => panic!("saw output before change set"), Some(Err(error)) => return task::Poll::Ready(Err(error)), }, task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::ChangeSet(change_set)))) => { return task::Poll::Ready(Ok(change_set)); } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Event(_)))) => { panic!("saw stack event before change set"); } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Output(_)))) => { panic!("saw output before change set"); } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Err(error))) => { self.0.output.replace(Err(error)); continue; } } } } } /// Return value of [`ApplyStack::events`]. #[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)] pub struct ApplyStackEvents<'client, 'apply>(&'apply mut ApplyStack<'client>); impl Stream for ApplyStackEvents<'_, '_> { type Item = StackEvent; fn poll_next( mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, ctx: &mut task::Context, ) -> task::Poll<Option<Self::Item>> { loop { match self.0.event_stream.as_mut().poll_next(ctx) { task::Poll::Pending => return task::Poll::Pending, task::Poll::Ready(None) => return task::Poll::Ready(None), task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::ChangeSet(_)))) => continue, task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Event(event)))) => { return task::Poll::Ready(Some(event)) } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ApplyStackEvent::Output(output)))) => { self.0.output.replace(Ok(output)); return task::Poll::Ready(None); } task::Poll::Ready(Some(Err(error))) => { self.0.output.replace(Err(error)); return task::Poll::Ready(None); } } } } } /// Events emitted by an `apply_stack` operation internally. enum ApplyStackEvent { /// The change set has been created. ChangeSet(ChangeSet), /// A stack event emitted by CloudFormation during the `apply_stack` operation. Event(StackEvent), /// The output of the `apply_stack` operation (meaning it has concluded successfully). Output(ApplyStackOutput), } async fn create_change_set_internal<Client: CloudFormation>( client: &Client, input: ApplyStackInput, ) -> Result<Result<ChangeSetWithType, ChangeSetWithType>, ApplyStackError> { let error = match create_change_set(client, input.into_raw()).await { Ok(change_set) => return Ok(Ok(change_set)), Err(error) => error, }; match error { CreateChangeSetError::NoChanges(change_set) => Ok(Err(change_set)), CreateChangeSetError::CreateApi(error) => Err(ApplyStackError::from_rusoto_error(error)), CreateChangeSetError::PollApi(error) => Err(ApplyStackError::from_rusoto_error(error)), CreateChangeSetError::Failed(ChangeSetWithType { change_set, .. }) => { Err(ApplyStackError::CreateChangeSetFailed { id: change_set.change_set_id, status: change_set.status, status_reason: change_set .status_reason .expect("ChangeSet failed without reason"), }) } } } async fn describe_output<Client: CloudFormation>( client: &Client, stack_id: String, ) -> Result<ApplyStackOutput, ApplyStackError> { let describe_stacks_input = DescribeStacksInput { stack_name: Some(stack_id), ..DescribeStacksInput::default() }; let stack = client .describe_stacks(describe_stacks_input) .map_err(ApplyStackError::from_rusoto_error) .await? .stacks .expect("DescribeStacksOutput without stacks") .pop() .expect("DescribeStacksOutput empty stacks"); Ok(ApplyStackOutput::from_raw(stack)) }