Functions convert various inputs to an output value. Most functions convert
a value to a value but some get their input from the operating system.
For example, TIME$ gets the local system time. You might be wondering why
TIME$ is a function and not a variable. You can use TIME$() if you prefer.
| ABS | ABS(X) Returns the absolute value of X.
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| ASC | ASC(X$) Returns the unicode value of the first character of X.
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| ATN | ATN(X) Returns the arctangent of X.
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| CDBL | CDBL(X) Returns X as a Double.
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| CHR | CHR$(X) Returns a character of ASCII X.
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| CINT | CINT(X) Returns X as an Integer. Overflow error may occur.
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| COS | COS(X) Returns the cosine of X in radians.
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| CSNG | CSNG(X) Returns X as a Single.
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| DATE | DATE$ Returns the system date.
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| EXP | EXP(X) Returns e to the power of X.
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| FIX | FIX(X) Returns the truncated integer value of X.
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| HEX | HEX$(X) Returns hexadecimal string of integer X.
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| INKEY | INKEY$ Returns a single key press, empty string if none.
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| INSTR | INSTR([I],X$,Y$) Returns position of Y$ in X$.
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| INT | INT(X) Returns the largest integer <= X.
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| LEFT | LEFT$(A$,X) Returns the leftmost X characters of A$.
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| LEN | LEN(X$) Returns the number of characters in X$.
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| LOG | LOG(X) Returns the natural logarithm of X.
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| MID | MID$(A$,X,[Y]) Returns a portion of A$.
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| OCT | OCT$(X) Returns octal string of integer X.
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| POS | POS(X) Returns the horizontal cursor position of the terminal.
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| RIGHT | RIGHT$(A$,X) Returns the rightmost X characters of A$.
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| RND | RND(X) Returns a pseudo-random number.
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| SGN | SGN(X) Returns the sign of X.
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| SIN | SIN(X) Returns the sine of X in radians.
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| SPC | SPC(X) Returns a string of X spaces.
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| SQR | SQR(X) Returns the square root of X.
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| STR | STR$(X) Returns the number X as a string.
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| STRING | STRING$(X, <Y|Y$>) Returns X copies of Y as a string.
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| TAB | TAB(X) Returns a string of spaces.
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| TAN | TAN(X) Returns the tangent of X in radians.
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| TIME | TIME$ Returns the system time.
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| VAL | VAL(X$) Returns a number parsed from string X$.
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