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arrow_array/array/
byte_array.rs

1// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
2// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
3// distributed with this work for additional information
4// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
5// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
6// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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8//
9//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10//
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12// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
13// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
14// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
15// specific language governing permissions and limitations
16// under the License.
17
18use crate::array::{get_offsets_from_buffer, print_long_array};
19use crate::builder::GenericByteBuilder;
20use crate::iterator::ArrayIter;
21use crate::types::ByteArrayType;
22use crate::types::bytes::ByteArrayNativeType;
23use crate::{Array, ArrayAccessor, ArrayRef, OffsetSizeTrait, Scalar};
24use arrow_buffer::{ArrowNativeType, Buffer, MutableBuffer};
25use arrow_buffer::{NullBuffer, OffsetBuffer};
26use arrow_data::{ArrayData, ArrayDataBuilder};
27use arrow_schema::{ArrowError, DataType};
28use std::any::Any;
29use std::sync::Arc;
30
31/// An array of [variable length byte arrays](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/format/Columnar.html#variable-size-binary-layout)
32///
33/// See [`StringArray`] and [`LargeStringArray`] for storing utf8 encoded string data
34///
35/// See [`BinaryArray`] and [`LargeBinaryArray`] for storing arbitrary bytes
36///
37/// # Example: From a Vec
38///
39/// ```
40/// # use arrow_array::{Array, GenericByteArray, types::Utf8Type};
41/// let arr: GenericByteArray<Utf8Type> = vec!["hello", "world", ""].into();
42/// assert_eq!(arr.value_data(), b"helloworld");
43/// assert_eq!(arr.value_offsets(), &[0, 5, 10, 10]);
44/// let values: Vec<_> = arr.iter().collect();
45/// assert_eq!(values, &[Some("hello"), Some("world"), Some("")]);
46/// ```
47///
48/// # Example: From an optional Vec
49///
50/// ```
51/// # use arrow_array::{Array, GenericByteArray, types::Utf8Type};
52/// let arr: GenericByteArray<Utf8Type> = vec![Some("hello"), Some("world"), Some(""), None].into();
53/// assert_eq!(arr.value_data(), b"helloworld");
54/// assert_eq!(arr.value_offsets(), &[0, 5, 10, 10, 10]);
55/// let values: Vec<_> = arr.iter().collect();
56/// assert_eq!(values, &[Some("hello"), Some("world"), Some(""), None]);
57/// ```
58///
59/// # Example: From an iterator of option
60///
61/// ```
62/// # use arrow_array::{Array, GenericByteArray, types::Utf8Type};
63/// let arr: GenericByteArray<Utf8Type> = (0..5).map(|x| (x % 2 == 0).then(|| x.to_string())).collect();
64/// let values: Vec<_> = arr.iter().collect();
65/// assert_eq!(values, &[Some("0"), None, Some("2"), None, Some("4")]);
66/// ```
67///
68/// # Example: Using Builder
69///
70/// ```
71/// # use arrow_array::Array;
72/// # use arrow_array::builder::GenericByteBuilder;
73/// # use arrow_array::types::Utf8Type;
74/// let mut builder = GenericByteBuilder::<Utf8Type>::new();
75/// builder.append_value("hello");
76/// builder.append_null();
77/// builder.append_value("world");
78/// let array = builder.finish();
79/// let values: Vec<_> = array.iter().collect();
80/// assert_eq!(values, &[Some("hello"), None, Some("world")]);
81/// ```
82///
83/// [`StringArray`]: crate::StringArray
84/// [`LargeStringArray`]: crate::LargeStringArray
85/// [`BinaryArray`]: crate::BinaryArray
86/// [`LargeBinaryArray`]: crate::LargeBinaryArray
87pub struct GenericByteArray<T: ByteArrayType> {
88    data_type: DataType,
89    value_offsets: OffsetBuffer<T::Offset>,
90    value_data: Buffer,
91    nulls: Option<NullBuffer>,
92}
93
94impl<T: ByteArrayType> Clone for GenericByteArray<T> {
95    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
96        Self {
97            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
98            value_offsets: self.value_offsets.clone(),
99            value_data: self.value_data.clone(),
100            nulls: self.nulls.clone(),
101        }
102    }
103}
104
105impl<T: ByteArrayType> GenericByteArray<T> {
106    /// Data type of the array.
107    pub const DATA_TYPE: DataType = T::DATA_TYPE;
108
109    /// Create a new [`GenericByteArray`] from the provided parts, panicking on failure
110    ///
111    /// # Panics
112    ///
113    /// Panics if [`GenericByteArray::try_new`] returns an error
114    pub fn new(
115        offsets: OffsetBuffer<T::Offset>,
116        values: Buffer,
117        nulls: Option<NullBuffer>,
118    ) -> Self {
119        Self::try_new(offsets, values, nulls).unwrap()
120    }
121
122    /// Create a new [`GenericByteArray`] from the provided parts, returning an error on failure
123    ///
124    /// # Errors
125    ///
126    /// * `offsets.len() - 1 != nulls.len()`
127    /// * Any consecutive pair of `offsets` does not denote a valid slice of `values`
128    pub fn try_new(
129        offsets: OffsetBuffer<T::Offset>,
130        values: Buffer,
131        nulls: Option<NullBuffer>,
132    ) -> Result<Self, ArrowError> {
133        let len = offsets.len() - 1;
134
135        // Verify that each pair of offsets is a valid slices of values
136        T::validate(&offsets, &values)?;
137
138        if let Some(n) = nulls.as_ref() {
139            if n.len() != len {
140                return Err(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(format!(
141                    "Incorrect length of null buffer for {}{}Array, expected {len} got {}",
142                    T::Offset::PREFIX,
143                    T::PREFIX,
144                    n.len(),
145                )));
146            }
147        }
148
149        Ok(Self {
150            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
151            value_offsets: offsets,
152            value_data: values,
153            nulls,
154        })
155    }
156
157    /// Create a new [`GenericByteArray`] from the provided parts, without validation
158    ///
159    /// # Safety
160    ///
161    /// Safe if [`Self::try_new`] would not error
162    pub unsafe fn new_unchecked(
163        offsets: OffsetBuffer<T::Offset>,
164        values: Buffer,
165        nulls: Option<NullBuffer>,
166    ) -> Self {
167        if cfg!(feature = "force_validate") {
168            return Self::new(offsets, values, nulls);
169        }
170        Self {
171            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
172            value_offsets: offsets,
173            value_data: values,
174            nulls,
175        }
176    }
177
178    /// Create a new [`GenericByteArray`] of length `len` where all values are null
179    pub fn new_null(len: usize) -> Self {
180        Self {
181            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
182            value_offsets: OffsetBuffer::new_zeroed(len),
183            value_data: MutableBuffer::new(0).into(),
184            nulls: Some(NullBuffer::new_null(len)),
185        }
186    }
187
188    /// Create a new [`Scalar`] from `v`
189    pub fn new_scalar(value: impl AsRef<T::Native>) -> Scalar<Self> {
190        Scalar::new(Self::from_iter_values(std::iter::once(value)))
191    }
192
193    /// Create a new [`GenericByteArray`] where `value` is repeated `repeat_count` times.
194    ///
195    /// # Panics
196    /// This will panic if value's length multiplied by `repeat_count` overflows usize.
197    ///
198    pub fn new_repeated(value: impl AsRef<T::Native>, repeat_count: usize) -> Self {
199        let s: &[u8] = value.as_ref().as_ref();
200        let value_offsets = OffsetBuffer::from_repeated_length(s.len(), repeat_count);
201        let bytes: Buffer = {
202            let mut mutable_buffer = MutableBuffer::with_capacity(0);
203            mutable_buffer.repeat_slice_n_times(s, repeat_count);
204
205            mutable_buffer.into()
206        };
207
208        Self {
209            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
210            value_data: bytes,
211            value_offsets,
212            nulls: None,
213        }
214    }
215
216    /// Creates a [`GenericByteArray`] based on an iterator of values without nulls
217    pub fn from_iter_values<Ptr, I>(iter: I) -> Self
218    where
219        Ptr: AsRef<T::Native>,
220        I: IntoIterator<Item = Ptr>,
221    {
222        let iter = iter.into_iter();
223        let (_, data_len) = iter.size_hint();
224        let data_len = data_len.expect("Iterator must be sized"); // panic if no upper bound.
225
226        let mut offsets = MutableBuffer::new((data_len + 1) * std::mem::size_of::<T::Offset>());
227        offsets.push(T::Offset::usize_as(0));
228
229        let mut values = MutableBuffer::new(0);
230        for s in iter {
231            let s: &[u8] = s.as_ref().as_ref();
232            values.extend_from_slice(s);
233            offsets.push(T::Offset::usize_as(values.len()));
234        }
235
236        T::Offset::from_usize(values.len()).expect("offset overflow");
237        let offsets = Buffer::from(offsets);
238
239        // Safety: valid by construction
240        let value_offsets = unsafe { OffsetBuffer::new_unchecked(offsets.into()) };
241
242        Self {
243            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
244            value_data: values.into(),
245            value_offsets,
246            nulls: None,
247        }
248    }
249
250    /// Deconstruct this array into its constituent parts
251    pub fn into_parts(self) -> (OffsetBuffer<T::Offset>, Buffer, Option<NullBuffer>) {
252        (self.value_offsets, self.value_data, self.nulls)
253    }
254
255    /// Returns the length for value at index `i`.
256    /// # Panics
257    /// Panics if index `i` is out of bounds.
258    #[inline]
259    pub fn value_length(&self, i: usize) -> T::Offset {
260        let offsets = self.value_offsets();
261        offsets[i + 1] - offsets[i]
262    }
263
264    /// Returns a reference to the offsets of this array
265    ///
266    /// Unlike [`Self::value_offsets`] this returns the [`OffsetBuffer`]
267    /// allowing for zero-copy cloning
268    #[inline]
269    pub fn offsets(&self) -> &OffsetBuffer<T::Offset> {
270        &self.value_offsets
271    }
272
273    /// Returns the values of this array
274    ///
275    /// Unlike [`Self::value_data`] this returns the [`Buffer`]
276    /// allowing for zero-copy cloning
277    #[inline]
278    pub fn values(&self) -> &Buffer {
279        &self.value_data
280    }
281
282    /// Returns the raw value data
283    pub fn value_data(&self) -> &[u8] {
284        self.value_data.as_slice()
285    }
286
287    /// Returns true if all data within this array is ASCII
288    pub fn is_ascii(&self) -> bool {
289        let offsets = self.value_offsets();
290        let start = offsets.first().unwrap();
291        let end = offsets.last().unwrap();
292        self.value_data()[start.as_usize()..end.as_usize()].is_ascii()
293    }
294
295    /// Returns the offset values in the offsets buffer
296    #[inline]
297    pub fn value_offsets(&self) -> &[T::Offset] {
298        &self.value_offsets
299    }
300
301    /// Returns the element at index `i`
302    ///
303    /// Note: This method does not check for nulls and the value is arbitrary
304    /// if [`is_null`](Self::is_null) returns true for the index.
305    ///
306    /// # Safety
307    /// Caller is responsible for ensuring that the index is within the bounds of the array
308    pub unsafe fn value_unchecked(&self, i: usize) -> &T::Native {
309        let end = *unsafe { self.value_offsets().get_unchecked(i + 1) };
310        let start = *unsafe { self.value_offsets().get_unchecked(i) };
311
312        // Soundness
313        // pointer alignment & location is ensured by RawPtrBox
314        // buffer bounds/offset is ensured by the value_offset invariants
315
316        // Safety of `to_isize().unwrap()`
317        // `start` and `end` are &OffsetSize, which is a generic type that implements the
318        // OffsetSizeTrait. Currently, only i32 and i64 implement OffsetSizeTrait,
319        // both of which should cleanly cast to isize on an architecture that supports
320        // 32/64-bit offsets
321        let b = unsafe {
322            std::slice::from_raw_parts(
323                self.value_data
324                    .as_ptr()
325                    .offset(start.to_isize().unwrap_unchecked()),
326                (end - start).to_usize().unwrap_unchecked(),
327            )
328        };
329
330        // SAFETY:
331        // ArrayData is valid
332        unsafe { T::Native::from_bytes_unchecked(b) }
333    }
334
335    /// Returns the element at index `i`
336    ///
337    /// Note: This method does not check for nulls and the value is arbitrary
338    /// (but still well-defined) if [`is_null`](Self::is_null) returns true for the index.
339    ///
340    /// # Panics
341    /// Panics if index `i` is out of bounds.
342    pub fn value(&self, i: usize) -> &T::Native {
343        assert!(
344            i < self.len(),
345            "Trying to access an element at index {} from a {}{}Array of length {}",
346            i,
347            T::Offset::PREFIX,
348            T::PREFIX,
349            self.len()
350        );
351        // SAFETY:
352        // Verified length above
353        unsafe { self.value_unchecked(i) }
354    }
355
356    /// constructs a new iterator
357    pub fn iter(&self) -> ArrayIter<&Self> {
358        ArrayIter::new(self)
359    }
360
361    /// Returns a zero-copy slice of this array with the indicated offset and length.
362    pub fn slice(&self, offset: usize, length: usize) -> Self {
363        Self {
364            data_type: T::DATA_TYPE,
365            value_offsets: self.value_offsets.slice(offset, length),
366            value_data: self.value_data.clone(),
367            nulls: self.nulls.as_ref().map(|n| n.slice(offset, length)),
368        }
369    }
370
371    /// Converts this array into a [`GenericByteBuilder`] that reuses its buffers,
372    /// if possible.
373    ///
374    /// Returns `Err(self)` if the offsets or values cannot be reused, for
375    /// example because they are shared with another array, or because this is a
376    /// sliced array with a non-zero first offset.
377    ///
378    /// The null buffer is copied if it cannot be reused.
379    pub fn into_builder(self) -> Result<GenericByteBuilder<T>, Self> {
380        let (offsets, values, nulls) = self.into_parts();
381
382        // Puts the parts back together into the original array
383        let rebuild = |offsets: Buffer, values: Buffer, nulls: Option<NullBuffer>| {
384            // SAFETY: the parts come unchanged from `self`
385            unsafe {
386                Self::new_unchecked(OffsetBuffer::new_unchecked(offsets.into()), values, nulls)
387            }
388        };
389
390        // A buffer can be reused only if this array is its only owner and it
391        // starts at the beginning of its allocation. Otherwise, the original
392        // array is returned.
393        let offsets = match offsets.into_inner().into_inner().into_mutable() {
394            Ok(offsets) => offsets,
395            Err(offsets) => return Err(rebuild(offsets, values, nulls)),
396        };
397        let values = match values.into_mutable() {
398            Ok(values) => values,
399            Err(values) => return Err(rebuild(offsets.into(), values, nulls)),
400        };
401
402        // The builder needs a null buffer whose first bit is for the first row.
403        // That is the case when the bit offset is 0, and then the buffer is reused
404        // if this array is its only owner. Otherwise, the bits are copied, which is
405        // cheap as there is one bit per row.
406        let nulls = nulls.map(|nulls| {
407            let bits = nulls.into_inner();
408            if bits.offset() == 0 {
409                let len = bits.len();
410                bits.into_inner()
411                    .into_mutable()
412                    .unwrap_or_else(|buffer| buffer[..len.div_ceil(8)].to_vec().into())
413            } else {
414                // `sliced` returns the bits starting at the first row
415                bits.sliced().to_vec().into()
416            }
417        });
418
419        // SAFETY: the buffers come from a valid array
420        Ok(unsafe { GenericByteBuilder::new_from_buffer(offsets, values, nulls) })
421    }
422}
423
424impl<T: ByteArrayType> std::fmt::Debug for GenericByteArray<T> {
425    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
426        write!(f, "{}{}Array\n[\n", T::Offset::PREFIX, T::PREFIX)?;
427        print_long_array(self, f, |array, index, f| {
428            std::fmt::Debug::fmt(&array.value(index), f)
429        })?;
430        write!(f, "]")
431    }
432}
433
434/// SAFETY: Correctly implements the contract of Arrow Arrays
435unsafe impl<T: ByteArrayType> Array for GenericByteArray<T> {
436    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
437        self
438    }
439
440    fn to_data(&self) -> ArrayData {
441        self.clone().into()
442    }
443
444    fn into_data(self) -> ArrayData {
445        self.into()
446    }
447
448    fn data_type(&self) -> &DataType {
449        &self.data_type
450    }
451
452    fn slice(&self, offset: usize, length: usize) -> ArrayRef {
453        Arc::new(self.slice(offset, length))
454    }
455
456    fn len(&self) -> usize {
457        self.value_offsets.len() - 1
458    }
459
460    fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
461        self.value_offsets.len() <= 1
462    }
463
464    fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self) {
465        self.value_offsets.shrink_to_fit();
466        self.value_data.shrink_to_fit();
467        if let Some(nulls) = &mut self.nulls {
468            nulls.shrink_to_fit();
469        }
470    }
471
472    fn offset(&self) -> usize {
473        0
474    }
475
476    fn nulls(&self) -> Option<&NullBuffer> {
477        self.nulls.as_ref()
478    }
479
480    fn logical_null_count(&self) -> usize {
481        // More efficient that the default implementation
482        self.null_count()
483    }
484
485    fn get_buffer_memory_size(&self) -> usize {
486        let mut sum = self.value_offsets.inner().inner().capacity();
487        sum += self.value_data.capacity();
488        if let Some(x) = &self.nulls {
489            sum += x.buffer().capacity()
490        }
491        sum
492    }
493
494    fn get_array_memory_size(&self) -> usize {
495        std::mem::size_of::<Self>() + self.get_buffer_memory_size()
496    }
497
498    #[cfg(feature = "pool")]
499    fn claim(&self, pool: &dyn arrow_buffer::MemoryPool) {
500        self.value_offsets.claim(pool);
501        self.value_data.claim(pool);
502        if let Some(nulls) = &self.nulls {
503            nulls.claim(pool);
504        }
505    }
506}
507
508impl<'a, T: ByteArrayType> ArrayAccessor for &'a GenericByteArray<T> {
509    type Item = &'a T::Native;
510
511    fn value(&self, index: usize) -> Self::Item {
512        GenericByteArray::value(self, index)
513    }
514
515    unsafe fn value_unchecked(&self, index: usize) -> Self::Item {
516        unsafe { GenericByteArray::value_unchecked(self, index) }
517    }
518}
519
520impl<T: ByteArrayType> From<ArrayData> for GenericByteArray<T> {
521    fn from(data: ArrayData) -> Self {
522        let (data_type, len, nulls, offset, mut buffers, _child_data) = data.into_parts();
523        assert_eq!(
524            data_type,
525            Self::DATA_TYPE,
526            "{}{}Array expects DataType::{}",
527            T::Offset::PREFIX,
528            T::PREFIX,
529            Self::DATA_TYPE
530        );
531        assert_eq!(
532            buffers.len(),
533            2,
534            "{}{}Array data should contain 2 buffers only (offsets and values)",
535            T::Offset::PREFIX,
536            T::PREFIX,
537        );
538        // buffers are offset then value, so pop in reverse
539        let value_data = buffers.pop().expect("checked above");
540        let offset_buffer = buffers.pop().expect("checked above");
541
542        // SAFETY:
543        // ArrayData is valid, and verified type above
544        let value_offsets = unsafe { get_offsets_from_buffer(offset_buffer, offset, len) };
545        Self {
546            value_offsets,
547            value_data,
548            data_type,
549            nulls,
550        }
551    }
552}
553
554impl<T: ByteArrayType> From<GenericByteArray<T>> for ArrayData {
555    fn from(array: GenericByteArray<T>) -> Self {
556        let len = array.len();
557
558        let offsets = array.value_offsets.into_inner().into_inner();
559        let builder = ArrayDataBuilder::new(array.data_type)
560            .len(len)
561            .buffers(vec![offsets, array.value_data])
562            .nulls(array.nulls);
563
564        unsafe { builder.build_unchecked() }
565    }
566}
567
568impl<'a, T: ByteArrayType> IntoIterator for &'a GenericByteArray<T> {
569    type Item = Option<&'a T::Native>;
570    type IntoIter = ArrayIter<Self>;
571
572    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
573        ArrayIter::new(self)
574    }
575}
576
577impl<'a, Ptr, T: ByteArrayType> FromIterator<&'a Option<Ptr>> for GenericByteArray<T>
578where
579    Ptr: AsRef<T::Native> + 'a,
580{
581    fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a Option<Ptr>>>(iter: I) -> Self {
582        iter.into_iter()
583            .map(|o| o.as_ref().map(|p| p.as_ref()))
584            .collect()
585    }
586}
587
588impl<Ptr, T: ByteArrayType> FromIterator<Option<Ptr>> for GenericByteArray<T>
589where
590    Ptr: AsRef<T::Native>,
591{
592    fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = Option<Ptr>>>(iter: I) -> Self {
593        let iter = iter.into_iter();
594        let mut builder = GenericByteBuilder::with_capacity(iter.size_hint().0, 1024);
595        builder.extend(iter);
596        builder.finish()
597    }
598}
599
600#[cfg(test)]
601mod tests {
602    use crate::{Array, BinaryArray, StringArray};
603    use arrow_buffer::{Buffer, NullBuffer, OffsetBuffer};
604
605    #[test]
606    fn try_new() {
607        let data = Buffer::from_slice_ref("helloworld");
608        let offsets = OffsetBuffer::new(vec![0, 5, 10].into());
609        StringArray::new(offsets.clone(), data.clone(), None);
610
611        let nulls = NullBuffer::new_null(3);
612        let err =
613            StringArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), data.clone(), Some(nulls.clone())).unwrap_err();
614        assert_eq!(
615            err.to_string(),
616            "Invalid argument error: Incorrect length of null buffer for StringArray, expected 2 got 3"
617        );
618
619        let err = BinaryArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), data.clone(), Some(nulls)).unwrap_err();
620        assert_eq!(
621            err.to_string(),
622            "Invalid argument error: Incorrect length of null buffer for BinaryArray, expected 2 got 3"
623        );
624
625        let non_utf8_data = Buffer::from_slice_ref(b"he\xFFloworld");
626        let err = StringArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), non_utf8_data.clone(), None).unwrap_err();
627        assert_eq!(
628            err.to_string(),
629            "Invalid argument error: Encountered non UTF-8 data: invalid utf-8 sequence of 1 bytes from index 2"
630        );
631
632        BinaryArray::new(offsets, non_utf8_data, None);
633
634        let offsets = OffsetBuffer::new(vec![0, 5, 11].into());
635        let err = StringArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), data.clone(), None).unwrap_err();
636        assert_eq!(
637            err.to_string(),
638            "Invalid argument error: Offset of 11 exceeds length of values 10"
639        );
640
641        let err = BinaryArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), data, None).unwrap_err();
642        assert_eq!(
643            err.to_string(),
644            "Invalid argument error: Maximum offset of 11 is larger than values of length 10"
645        );
646
647        let non_ascii_data = Buffer::from_slice_ref("heìloworld");
648        StringArray::new(offsets.clone(), non_ascii_data.clone(), None);
649        BinaryArray::new(offsets, non_ascii_data.clone(), None);
650
651        let offsets = OffsetBuffer::new(vec![0, 3, 10].into());
652        let err = StringArray::try_new(offsets.clone(), non_ascii_data.clone(), None).unwrap_err();
653        assert_eq!(
654            err.to_string(),
655            "Invalid argument error: Split UTF-8 codepoint at offset 3"
656        );
657
658        BinaryArray::new(offsets, non_ascii_data, None);
659    }
660
661    #[test]
662    fn create_repeated() {
663        let arr = BinaryArray::new_repeated(b"hello", 3);
664        assert_eq!(arr.len(), 3);
665        assert_eq!(arr.value(0), b"hello");
666        assert_eq!(arr.value(1), b"hello");
667        assert_eq!(arr.value(2), b"hello");
668
669        let arr = StringArray::new_repeated("world", 2);
670        assert_eq!(arr.len(), 2);
671        assert_eq!(arr.value(0), "world");
672        assert_eq!(arr.value(1), "world");
673    }
674
675    #[test]
676    #[should_panic(expected = "usize overflow")]
677    fn create_repeated_usize_overflow_1() {
678        let _arr = BinaryArray::new_repeated(b"hello", (usize::MAX / "hello".len()) + 1);
679    }
680
681    #[test]
682    #[should_panic(expected = "usize overflow")]
683    fn create_repeated_usize_overflow_2() {
684        let _arr = BinaryArray::new_repeated(b"hello", usize::MAX);
685    }
686
687    #[test]
688    #[should_panic(expected = "offset overflow")]
689    fn create_repeated_i32_offset_overflow_1() {
690        let _arr = BinaryArray::new_repeated(b"hello", usize::MAX / "hello".len());
691    }
692
693    #[test]
694    #[should_panic(expected = "offset overflow")]
695    fn create_repeated_i32_offset_overflow_2() {
696        let _arr = BinaryArray::new_repeated(b"hello", ((i32::MAX as usize) / "hello".len()) + 1);
697    }
698}