aptu_coder_core/

analyze.rs

// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 aptu-coder contributors
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//! Main analysis engine for extracting code structure from files and directories.
//!
//! Implements the four MCP tools: `analyze_directory` (Overview), `analyze_file` (`FileDetails`),
//! `analyze_symbol` (call graph), and `analyze_module` (lightweight index). Handles parallel processing and cancellation.

use crate::formatter::{
    format_file_details, format_focused_internal, format_focused_summary_internal, format_structure,
};
use crate::graph::{CallGraph, InternalCallChain};
use crate::lang::{language_for_extension, supported_languages};
use crate::parser::{ElementExtractor, SemanticExtractor};
use crate::test_detection::is_test_file;
use crate::traversal::{WalkEntry, walk_directory};
use crate::types::{
    AnalysisMode, FileInfo, ImplTraitInfo, ImportInfo, SemanticAnalysis, SymbolMatchMode,
};
use rayon::prelude::*;
#[cfg(feature = "schemars")]
use schemars::JsonSchema;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
use std::time::Instant;
use thiserror::Error;
use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
use tracing::instrument;

pub const MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES: u64 = 10_000_000;

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum AnalyzeError {
    #[error("Traversal error: {0}")]
    Traversal(#[from] crate::traversal::TraversalError),
    #[error("Parser error: {0}")]
    Parser(#[from] crate::parser::ParserError),
    #[error("Graph error: {0}")]
    Graph(#[from] crate::graph::GraphError),
    #[error("Formatter error: {0}")]
    Formatter(#[from] crate::formatter::FormatterError),
    #[error("Analysis cancelled")]
    Cancelled,
    #[error("unsupported language: {0}")]
    UnsupportedLanguage(String),
    #[error("I/O error: {0}")]
    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
    #[error("invalid range: start ({start}) > end ({end}); file has {total} lines")]
    InvalidRange {
        start: usize,
        end: usize,
        total: usize,
    },
    #[error("path is a directory, not a file: {0}")]
    NotAFile(PathBuf),
    #[error(
        "file has {total_lines} lines; provide start_line and end_line, or call analyze_module first to locate the range"
    )]
    RangelessLargeFile { total_lines: usize },
    #[error("parse timeout exceeded for {path}: {micros} microseconds")]
    ParseTimeout { path: PathBuf, micros: u64 },
}

/// Result of directory analysis containing both formatted output and file data.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(JsonSchema))]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub struct AnalysisOutput {
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Formatted text representation of the analysis")
    )]
    pub formatted: String,
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "List of files analyzed in the directory")
    )]
    pub files: Vec<FileInfo>,
    /// Walk entries used internally for summary generation; not serialized.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub entries: Vec<WalkEntry>,
    /// Subtree file counts computed from an unbounded walk; used by `format_summary`; not serialized.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub subtree_counts: Option<Vec<(std::path::PathBuf, usize)>>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(
            description = "Opaque cursor token for the next page of results (absent when no more results)"
        )
    )]
    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
}

/// Result of file-level semantic analysis.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(JsonSchema))]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub struct FileAnalysisOutput {
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Formatted text representation of the analysis")
    )]
    pub formatted: String,
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Semantic analysis data including functions, classes, and imports")
    )]
    pub semantic: SemanticAnalysis,
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Total line count of the analyzed file")
    )]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(schema_with = "crate::schema_helpers::integer_schema")
    )]
    pub line_count: usize,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(
            description = "Opaque cursor token for the next page of results (absent when no more results)"
        )
    )]
    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(
            description = "True when the file extension is not supported; semantic fields are empty and formatted contains a raw preview"
        )
    )]
    pub unsupported: Option<bool>,
}

impl FileAnalysisOutput {
    /// Create a new `FileAnalysisOutput`.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new(
        formatted: String,
        semantic: SemanticAnalysis,
        line_count: usize,
        next_cursor: Option<String>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            formatted,
            semantic,
            line_count,
            next_cursor,
            unsupported: None,
        }
    }
}
/// Reason a file was skipped during eligibility check.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum SkipReason {
    Oversized,
    Unreadable,
}

/// Check if a file is eligible for analysis based on size and readability.
///
/// Returns `Ok(content)` when the file should be analyzed, `Err(reason)` to skip it.
fn check_file_eligibility(entry: &WalkEntry) -> Result<String, SkipReason> {
    // Check file size before reading
    if entry.path.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
        tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", entry.path.display());
        return Err(SkipReason::Oversized);
    }

    // Try to read file content; skip binary or unreadable files
    std::fs::read_to_string(&entry.path).map_err(|_| SkipReason::Unreadable)
}

/// Process a single file entry and extract its analysis data.
fn process_file_entry(entry: &WalkEntry, source: &str) -> FileInfo {
    let path_str = entry.path.display().to_string();
    let line_count = source.lines().count();

    // Detect language from extension
    let ext = entry.path.extension().and_then(|e| e.to_str());

    // Detect language and extract counts
    let (language, function_count, class_count) = if let Some(ext_str) = ext
        && let Some(lang) = language_for_extension(ext_str)
    {
        let lang_str = lang.to_string();
        match ElementExtractor::extract_with_depth(source, &lang_str) {
            Ok((func_count, class_count)) => (lang_str, func_count, class_count),
            Err(_) => (lang_str, 0, 0),
        }
    } else {
        (
            ext.map(|e| e.to_lowercase())
                .unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string()),
            0,
            0,
        )
    };

    let is_test = is_test_file(&entry.path);

    FileInfo {
        path: path_str,
        line_count,
        function_count,
        class_count,
        language,
        is_test,
    }
}

/// Analyze a single file entry in parallel context.
fn analyze_single_file(
    entry: &WalkEntry,
    progress: &Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
) -> Option<FileInfo> {
    // Check cancellation per file
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return None;
    }

    // Check file eligibility; progress accounting happens on all exit paths below
    let source = match check_file_eligibility(entry) {
        Ok(content) => content,
        Err(_) => {
            progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
            return None;
        }
    };

    let file_info = process_file_entry(entry, &source);
    progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);

    Some(file_info)
}

/// Initialize analysis context and collect file entries.
fn init_analysis_context(entries: &[WalkEntry]) -> Vec<&WalkEntry> {
    entries
        .iter()
        .filter(|e| !e.is_dir && !e.is_symlink)
        .collect()
}

/// Build the final analysis output from results.
fn build_analysis_output(
    entries: Vec<WalkEntry>,
    analysis_results: Vec<FileInfo>,
) -> AnalysisOutput {
    let formatted = format_structure(&entries, &analysis_results, None);
    AnalysisOutput {
        formatted,
        files: analysis_results,
        entries,
        next_cursor: None,
        subtree_counts: None,
    }
}

/// Run parallel analysis on file entries and log completion.
fn run_parallel_analysis(
    file_entries: &[&WalkEntry],
    progress: &Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
) -> Result<Vec<FileInfo>, AnalyzeError> {
    let start = Instant::now();
    tracing::debug!(file_count = file_entries.len(), "analysis start");

    let _parse_span = tracing::info_span!("ast.parse_batch", count = file_entries.len()).entered();

    // Parallel analysis of files
    let analysis_results: Vec<FileInfo> = file_entries
        .par_iter()
        .filter_map(|entry| analyze_single_file(entry, progress, ct))
        .collect();

    // Check if cancelled after parallel processing
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    tracing::debug!(
        file_count = file_entries.len(),
        duration_ms = u64::try_from(start.elapsed().as_millis()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX),
        "analysis complete"
    );

    Ok(analysis_results)
}

#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path = %root.display()))]
// public API; callers expect owned semantics
#[allow(clippy::needless_pass_by_value)]
pub fn analyze_directory_with_progress(
    root: &Path,
    entries: Vec<WalkEntry>,
    progress: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: CancellationToken,
) -> Result<AnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    // Check if already cancelled
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    tracing::debug!(root = %root.display(), "analysis start");

    let file_entries = init_analysis_context(&entries);
    let analysis_results = run_parallel_analysis(&file_entries, &progress, &ct)?;

    let _format_span = tracing::info_span!("output.format").entered();

    // Build and return output
    Ok(build_analysis_output(entries, analysis_results))
}

/// Analyze a directory structure and return formatted output and file data.
#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path = %root.display()))]
pub fn analyze_directory(
    root: &Path,
    max_depth: Option<u32>,
) -> Result<AnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let entries = walk_directory(root, max_depth)?;
    let counter = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
    let ct = CancellationToken::new();
    analyze_directory_with_progress(root, entries, counter, ct)
}

/// Determine analysis mode based on parameters and path.
#[must_use]
pub fn determine_mode(path: &str, focus: Option<&str>) -> AnalysisMode {
    if focus.is_some() {
        return AnalysisMode::SymbolFocus;
    }

    let path_obj = Path::new(path);
    if path_obj.is_dir() {
        AnalysisMode::Overview
    } else {
        AnalysisMode::FileDetails
    }
}

/// Analyze a single file and return semantic analysis with formatted output.
#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path))]
pub fn analyze_file(
    path: &str,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
) -> Result<FileAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let start = Instant::now();

    // Check file size before reading
    if Path::new(path).metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
        tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", path);
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Parser(
            crate::parser::ParserError::ParseError("file too large".to_string()),
        ));
    }

    let source = std::fs::read_to_string(path)
        .map_err(|e| AnalyzeError::Parser(crate::parser::ParserError::ParseError(e.to_string())))?;

    let line_count = source.lines().count();

    // Detect language from extension
    let ext = Path::new(path)
        .extension()
        .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
        .and_then(language_for_extension)
        .map_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string(), std::string::ToString::to_string);

    // Extract semantic information
    let mut semantic = SemanticExtractor::extract(&source, &ext, ast_recursion_limit, None)?;

    // Populate the file path on references now that the path is known
    for r in &mut semantic.references {
        r.location = path.to_string();
    }

    // Resolve Python wildcard imports
    if ext == "python" {
        resolve_wildcard_imports(Path::new(path), &mut semantic.imports);
    }

    // Detect if this is a test file
    let is_test = is_test_file(Path::new(path));

    // Extract parent directory for relative path display
    let parent_dir = Path::new(path).parent();

    // Format output
    let formatted = format_file_details(path, &semantic, line_count, is_test, parent_dir);

    tracing::debug!(path = %path, language = %ext, functions = semantic.functions.len(), classes = semantic.classes.len(), imports = semantic.imports.len(), duration_ms = u64::try_from(start.elapsed().as_millis()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX), "file analysis complete");

    Ok(FileAnalysisOutput::new(
        formatted, semantic, line_count, None,
    ))
}

/// Analyze source code from a string buffer without filesystem access.
///
/// This function analyzes in-memory source code by language identifier. The `language`
/// parameter can be either a language name (e.g., `"rust"`, `"python"`, `"go"`) or a file
/// extension (e.g., `"rs"`, `"py"`).
///
/// Accepted language identifiers depend on compiled features. Use [`supported_languages()`] to
/// discover the available language names at runtime, and [`language_for_extension()`] to resolve
/// a file extension to its supported language identifier.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `source` - The source code to analyze
/// * `language` - The language identifier (language name or extension)
/// * `ast_recursion_limit` - Optional limit for AST traversal depth
///
/// # Returns
///
/// - `Ok(FileAnalysisOutput)` on success
/// - `Err(AnalyzeError::UnsupportedLanguage)` if the language is not recognized
/// - `Err(AnalyzeError::Parser)` if parsing fails
///
/// # Notes
///
/// - Python wildcard import resolution is skipped for in-memory analysis (no filesystem path available)
/// - The formatted output uses the standard file-details formatter, so it includes a `FILE:` header with an empty path
#[inline]
pub fn analyze_str(
    source: &str,
    language: &str,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
) -> Result<FileAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    // Resolve language: first try as a file extension, then as a language name
    // (case-insensitive match against supported_languages()).
    let lang = language_for_extension(language).or_else(|| {
        let lower = language.to_ascii_lowercase();
        supported_languages()
            .iter()
            .find(|&&name| name == lower)
            .copied()
    });
    let lang = lang.ok_or_else(|| AnalyzeError::UnsupportedLanguage(language.to_string()))?;

    // Extract semantic information
    let mut semantic = SemanticExtractor::extract(source, lang, ast_recursion_limit, None)?;

    // Populate a stable in-memory sentinel on all reference locations
    for r in &mut semantic.references {
        r.location = "<memory>".to_string();
    }

    // Count lines in the source
    let line_count = source.lines().count();

    // Format output with empty path (no filesystem access)
    let formatted = format_file_details("", &semantic, line_count, false, None);

    Ok(FileAnalysisOutput::new(
        formatted, semantic, line_count, None,
    ))
}

/// Single entry in a call chain (depth-1 direct caller or callee).
#[non_exhaustive]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(JsonSchema))]
pub struct CallChainEntry {
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Symbol name of the caller or callee")
    )]
    pub symbol: String,
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "File path relative to the repository root")
    )]
    pub file: String,
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(
            description = "Line number of the definition or call site (1-indexed)",
            schema_with = "crate::schema_helpers::integer_schema"
        )
    )]
    pub line: usize,
}

/// Result of focused symbol analysis.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(JsonSchema))]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub struct FocusedAnalysisOutput {
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Formatted text representation of the call graph analysis")
    )]
    pub formatted: String,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(
            description = "Opaque cursor token for the next page of results (absent when no more results)"
        )
    )]
    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
    /// Production caller chains (partitioned from incoming chains, excluding test callers).
    /// Not serialized; used for pagination in lib.rs.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub prod_chains: Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    /// Test caller chains. Not serialized; used for pagination summary in lib.rs.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub test_chains: Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    /// Outgoing (callee) chains. Not serialized; used for pagination in lib.rs.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub outgoing_chains: Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    /// Number of definitions for the symbol. Not serialized; used for pagination headers.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub def_count: usize,
    /// Total unique callers before `impl_only` filter. Not serialized; used for FILTER header.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub unfiltered_caller_count: usize,
    /// Unique callers after `impl_only` filter. Not serialized; used for FILTER header.
    #[serde(skip)]
    #[serde(default)]
    #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", schemars(skip))]
    pub impl_trait_caller_count: usize,
    /// Direct (depth-1) production callers. `follow_depth` does not affect this field.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub callers: Option<Vec<CallChainEntry>>,
    /// Direct (depth-1) test callers. `follow_depth` does not affect this field.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub test_callers: Option<Vec<CallChainEntry>>,
    /// Direct (depth-1) callees. `follow_depth` does not affect this field.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub callees: Option<Vec<CallChainEntry>>,
    /// Definition and use sites for the symbol.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub def_use_sites: Vec<crate::types::DefUseSite>,
    /// Cache tier for this result: `"l1_memory"`, `"l2_disk"`, or `"miss"`.
    /// Populated by the MCP handler after cache lookup.
    ///
    /// This field is `None` in the following cases:
    /// - `import_lookup=true` responses: the import-lookup path does not consult the call
    ///   graph cache, so no tier is recorded.
    /// - Non-symbol analysis modes (directory and file tools): `FocusedAnalysisOutput` is
    ///   not produced by those handlers, and the field is therefore absent.
    /// - Any `FocusedAnalysisOutput` constructed outside the `handle_focused_mode` return
    ///   path (e.g. legacy cached entries that pre-date this field).
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    #[cfg_attr(
        feature = "schemars",
        schemars(description = "Cache tier for this result: l1_memory, l2_disk, or miss")
    )]
    pub cache_tier: Option<String>,
}

/// Parameters for focused symbol analysis. Groups high-arity parameters to keep
/// function signatures under clippy's default 7-argument threshold.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct FocusedAnalysisConfig {
    pub focus: String,
    pub match_mode: SymbolMatchMode,
    pub follow_depth: u32,
    pub max_depth: Option<u32>,
    pub ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
    pub use_summary: bool,
    pub impl_only: Option<bool>,
    pub def_use: bool,
    pub parse_timeout_micros: Option<u64>,
}

/// Internal parameters for focused analysis phases.
#[derive(Clone)]
struct InternalFocusedParams {
    focus: String,
    match_mode: SymbolMatchMode,
    follow_depth: u32,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
    use_summary: bool,
    impl_only: Option<bool>,
    def_use: bool,
    parse_timeout_micros: Option<u64>,
}

/// Type alias for analysis results: (`file_path`, `semantic_analysis`) pairs and impl-trait info.
type FileAnalysisBatch = (Vec<(PathBuf, SemanticAnalysis)>, Vec<ImplTraitInfo>);

/// Phase 1: Collect semantic analysis for all files in parallel.
fn collect_file_analysis(
    entries: &[WalkEntry],
    progress: &Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
    parse_timeout_micros: Option<u64>,
) -> Result<FileAnalysisBatch, AnalyzeError> {
    // Check if already cancelled
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Use pre-walked entries (passed by caller)
    // Collect semantic analysis for all files in parallel
    let file_entries: Vec<&WalkEntry> = entries
        .iter()
        .filter(|e| !e.is_dir && !e.is_symlink)
        .collect();

    // Collect per-file timeout events so they can be surfaced as AnalyzeError::ParseTimeout.
    let timed_out: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<(PathBuf, u64)>> = std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new());

    let analysis_results: Vec<(PathBuf, SemanticAnalysis)> = file_entries
        .par_iter()
        .filter_map(|entry| {
            // Check cancellation per file
            if ct.is_cancelled() {
                return None;
            }

            let ext = entry.path.extension().and_then(|e| e.to_str());

            // Check file size before reading
            if entry.path.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
                tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", entry.path.display());
                progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
                return None;
            }

            // Try to read file content
            let Ok(source) = std::fs::read_to_string(&entry.path) else {
                progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
                return None;
            };

            // Detect language and extract semantic information
            let language = if let Some(ext_str) = ext {
                language_for_extension(ext_str)
                    .map_or_else(|| "unknown".to_string(), std::string::ToString::to_string)
            } else {
                "unknown".to_string()
            };

            match SemanticExtractor::extract(
                &source,
                &language,
                ast_recursion_limit,
                parse_timeout_micros,
            ) {
                Ok(mut semantic) => {
                    // Populate file path on references
                    for r in &mut semantic.references {
                        r.location = entry.path.display().to_string();
                    }
                    // Populate file path on impl_traits (already extracted during SemanticExtractor::extract)
                    for trait_info in &mut semantic.impl_traits {
                        trait_info.path.clone_from(&entry.path);
                    }
                    progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
                    Some((entry.path.clone(), semantic))
                }
                Err(crate::parser::ParserError::Timeout(micros)) => {
                    tracing::warn!(
                        "parse timeout exceeded for {}: {} microseconds",
                        entry.path.display(),
                        micros
                    );
                    if let Ok(mut v) = timed_out.lock() {
                        v.push((entry.path.clone(), micros));
                    }
                    progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
                    None
                }
                Err(_) => {
                    progress.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
                    None
                }
            }
        })
        .collect();

    // Check if cancelled after parallel processing
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Surface the first timeout as AnalyzeError::ParseTimeout so callers can detect it.
    if let Ok(mut v) = timed_out.lock()
        && let Some((path, micros)) = v.drain(..).next()
    {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::ParseTimeout { path, micros });
    }

    // Collect all impl-trait info from analysis results
    let all_impl_traits: Vec<ImplTraitInfo> = analysis_results
        .iter()
        .flat_map(|(_, sem)| sem.impl_traits.iter().cloned())
        .collect();

    Ok((analysis_results, all_impl_traits))
}

/// Phase 2: Build call graph from analysis results.
fn build_call_graph(
    analysis_results: Vec<(PathBuf, SemanticAnalysis)>,
    all_impl_traits: &[ImplTraitInfo],
) -> Result<CallGraph, AnalyzeError> {
    // Build call graph. Always build without impl_only filter first so we can
    // record the unfiltered caller count before discarding those edges.
    CallGraph::build_from_results(
        analysis_results,
        all_impl_traits,
        false, // filter applied below after counting
    )
    .map_err(std::convert::Into::into)
}

/// Phase 3: Resolve symbol and apply `impl_only` filter.
/// Returns (`resolved_focus`, `unfiltered_caller_count`, `impl_trait_caller_count`).
/// CRITICAL: Must capture `unfiltered_caller_count` BEFORE `retain()`, then apply `retain()`,
/// then compute `impl_trait_caller_count`.
fn resolve_symbol(
    graph: &mut CallGraph,
    params: &InternalFocusedParams,
) -> Result<(String, usize, usize), AnalyzeError> {
    // Resolve symbol name using the requested match mode.
    let resolved_focus = if params.match_mode == SymbolMatchMode::Exact {
        let exists = graph.definitions.contains_key(&params.focus)
            || graph.callers.contains_key(&params.focus)
            || graph.callees.contains_key(&params.focus);
        if exists {
            params.focus.clone()
        } else {
            return Err(crate::graph::GraphError::SymbolNotFound {
                symbol: params.focus.clone(),
                hint: "Try match_mode=insensitive for a case-insensitive search, or match_mode=prefix to list symbols starting with this name.".to_string(),
            }
            .into());
        }
    } else {
        graph.resolve_symbol_indexed(&params.focus, &params.match_mode)?
    };

    // Count unique callers for the focus symbol before applying impl_only filter.
    let unfiltered_caller_count = graph.callers.get(&resolved_focus).map_or(0, |edges| {
        edges
            .iter()
            .map(|e| &e.neighbor_name)
            .collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>()
            .len()
    });

    // Apply impl_only filter now if requested, then count filtered callers.
    // Filter all caller adjacency lists so traversal and formatting are consistently
    // restricted to impl-trait edges regardless of follow_depth.
    let impl_trait_caller_count = if params.impl_only.unwrap_or(false) {
        for edges in graph.callers.values_mut() {
            edges.retain(|e| e.is_impl_trait);
        }
        graph.callers.get(&resolved_focus).map_or(0, |edges| {
            edges
                .iter()
                .map(|e| &e.neighbor_name)
                .collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>()
                .len()
        })
    } else {
        unfiltered_caller_count
    };

    Ok((
        resolved_focus,
        unfiltered_caller_count,
        impl_trait_caller_count,
    ))
}

/// Type alias for `compute_chains` return type: (`formatted_output`, `prod_chains`, `test_chains`, `outgoing_chains`, `def_count`).
type ChainComputeResult = (
    String,
    Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    Vec<InternalCallChain>,
    usize,
);

/// Helper function to convert InternalCallChain data to CallChainEntry vec.
/// Takes the first (depth-1) element of each chain and converts it to a CallChainEntry.
/// Returns None if chains is empty, otherwise returns a vec of up to 10 entries.
fn chains_to_entries(
    chains: &[InternalCallChain],
    root: Option<&std::path::Path>,
) -> Option<Vec<CallChainEntry>> {
    if chains.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    let entries: Vec<CallChainEntry> = chains
        .iter()
        .take(10)
        .filter_map(|chain| {
            let (symbol, path, line) = chain.chain.first()?;
            let file = match root {
                Some(root) => path
                    .strip_prefix(root)
                    .unwrap_or(path.as_path())
                    .to_string_lossy()
                    .into_owned(),
                None => path.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
            };
            Some(CallChainEntry {
                symbol: symbol.clone(),
                file,
                line: *line,
            })
        })
        .collect();
    if entries.is_empty() {
        None
    } else {
        Some(entries)
    }
}

/// Phase 4: Compute chains and format output.
fn compute_chains(
    graph: &CallGraph,
    resolved_focus: &str,
    root: &Path,
    params: &InternalFocusedParams,
    unfiltered_caller_count: usize,
    impl_trait_caller_count: usize,
    def_use_sites: &[crate::types::DefUseSite],
) -> Result<ChainComputeResult, AnalyzeError> {
    // Compute chain data for pagination (always, regardless of summary mode)
    let def_count = graph.definitions.get(resolved_focus).map_or(0, Vec::len);
    let incoming_chains = graph.find_incoming_chains(resolved_focus, params.follow_depth)?;
    let outgoing_chains = graph.find_outgoing_chains(resolved_focus, params.follow_depth)?;

    let (prod_chains, test_chains): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) =
        incoming_chains.iter().cloned().partition(|chain| {
            chain
                .chain
                .first()
                .is_none_or(|(name, path, _)| !is_test_file(path) && !name.starts_with("test_"))
        });

    // Format output with pre-computed chains
    let mut formatted = if params.use_summary {
        format_focused_summary_internal(
            graph,
            resolved_focus,
            params.follow_depth,
            Some(root),
            Some(&incoming_chains),
            Some(&outgoing_chains),
            def_use_sites,
        )?
    } else {
        format_focused_internal(
            graph,
            resolved_focus,
            params.follow_depth,
            Some(root),
            Some(&incoming_chains),
            Some(&outgoing_chains),
            def_use_sites,
        )?
    };

    // Add FILTER header if impl_only filter was applied
    if params.impl_only.unwrap_or(false) {
        let filter_header = format!(
            "FILTER: impl_only=true ({impl_trait_caller_count} of {unfiltered_caller_count} callers shown)\n",
        );
        formatted = format!("{filter_header}{formatted}");
    }

    Ok((
        formatted,
        prod_chains,
        test_chains,
        outgoing_chains,
        def_count,
    ))
}

/// Analyze a symbol's call graph across a directory with progress tracking.
// public API; callers expect owned semantics
#[allow(clippy::needless_pass_by_value)]
pub fn analyze_focused_with_progress(
    root: &Path,
    params: &FocusedAnalysisConfig,
    progress: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: CancellationToken,
) -> Result<FocusedAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let entries = walk_directory(root, params.max_depth)?;
    let internal_params = InternalFocusedParams {
        focus: params.focus.clone(),
        match_mode: params.match_mode.clone(),
        follow_depth: params.follow_depth,
        ast_recursion_limit: params.ast_recursion_limit,
        use_summary: params.use_summary,
        impl_only: params.impl_only,
        def_use: params.def_use,
        parse_timeout_micros: params.parse_timeout_micros,
    };
    analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries_internal(
        root,
        params.max_depth,
        &progress,
        &ct,
        &internal_params,
        &entries,
    )
}

/// Internal implementation of focused analysis using pre-walked entries and params struct.
#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path = %root.display(), symbol = %params.focus))]
fn analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries_internal(
    root: &Path,
    _max_depth: Option<u32>,
    progress: &Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
    params: &InternalFocusedParams,
    entries: &[WalkEntry],
) -> Result<FocusedAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    // Check if already cancelled
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Check if path is a file (hint to use directory)
    if root.is_file() {
        let formatted =
            "Single-file focus not supported. Please provide a directory path for cross-file call graph analysis.\n"
                .to_string();
        return Ok(FocusedAnalysisOutput {
            formatted,
            next_cursor: None,
            prod_chains: vec![],
            test_chains: vec![],
            outgoing_chains: vec![],
            def_count: 0,
            unfiltered_caller_count: 0,
            impl_trait_caller_count: 0,
            callers: None,
            test_callers: None,
            callees: None,
            def_use_sites: vec![],
            cache_tier: None,
        });
    }

    // Phase 1: Collect file analysis
    let (analysis_results, all_impl_traits) = collect_file_analysis(
        entries,
        progress,
        ct,
        params.ast_recursion_limit,
        params.parse_timeout_micros,
    )?;

    // Check for cancellation before building the call graph (phase 2)
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Phase 2: Build call graph
    let mut graph = build_call_graph(analysis_results, &all_impl_traits)?;

    // Check for cancellation before resolving the symbol (phase 3)
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Phase 3: Resolve symbol and apply impl_only filter.
    // When def_use=true and the symbol is not in the call graph (e.g. a variable),
    // fall through to def-use extraction instead of returning SymbolNotFound.
    let resolve_result = resolve_symbol(&mut graph, params);
    if let Err(AnalyzeError::Graph(crate::graph::GraphError::SymbolNotFound { .. })) =
        &resolve_result
    {
        // Deliberately not collapsed: resolve_result must stay alive past this block
        // so that the `?` below can propagate non-SymbolNotFound errors.
        if params.def_use {
            let def_use_sites =
                collect_def_use_sites(entries, &params.focus, params.ast_recursion_limit, root, ct);
            if def_use_sites.is_empty() {
                // Symbol not found anywhere (neither in call graph nor as def/use site).
                // Propagate the original SymbolNotFound error instead of returning an
                // empty success response.
                if let Err(e) = resolve_result {
                    return Err(e);
                }
                unreachable!("resolve_result is Ok only when symbol was found");
            }
            use std::fmt::Write as _;
            let mut formatted = String::new();
            let _ = writeln!(
                formatted,
                "FOCUS: {} (0 defs, 0 callers, 0 callees)",
                params.focus
            );
            {
                let writes = def_use_sites
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|s| {
                        matches!(
                            s.kind,
                            crate::types::DefUseKind::Write | crate::types::DefUseKind::WriteRead
                        )
                    })
                    .count();
                let reads = def_use_sites
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|s| s.kind == crate::types::DefUseKind::Read)
                    .count();
                let _ = writeln!(
                    formatted,
                    "DEF-USE SITES  {}  ({} total: {} writes, {} reads)",
                    params.focus,
                    def_use_sites.len(),
                    writes,
                    reads
                );
            }
            return Ok(FocusedAnalysisOutput {
                formatted,
                next_cursor: None,
                callers: None,
                test_callers: None,
                callees: None,
                prod_chains: vec![],
                test_chains: vec![],
                outgoing_chains: vec![],
                def_count: 0,
                unfiltered_caller_count: 0,
                impl_trait_caller_count: 0,
                def_use_sites,
                cache_tier: None,
            });
        }
    }
    let (resolved_focus, unfiltered_caller_count, impl_trait_caller_count) = resolve_result?;

    // Check for cancellation before computing chains (phase 4)
    if ct.is_cancelled() {
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Cancelled);
    }

    // Phase 5 (optional, before formatting): Def-use site extraction.
    // Use params.focus (the raw user-supplied string) rather than resolved_focus
    // so that variable/field names that are not in the call graph still work.
    let def_use_sites = if params.def_use {
        collect_def_use_sites(entries, &params.focus, params.ast_recursion_limit, root, ct)
    } else {
        Vec::new()
    };

    // Phase 4: Compute chains and format output (includes def_use_sites in one pass)
    let (formatted, prod_chains, test_chains, outgoing_chains, def_count) = compute_chains(
        &graph,
        &resolved_focus,
        root,
        params,
        unfiltered_caller_count,
        impl_trait_caller_count,
        &def_use_sites,
    )?;

    // Compute depth-1 chains for structured output fields (always direct relationships only,
    // regardless of `follow_depth` used for the text-formatted output).
    let (depth1_callers, depth1_test_callers, depth1_callees) = if params.follow_depth <= 1 {
        // Chains already at depth 1; reuse the partitioned vecs.
        let callers = chains_to_entries(&prod_chains, Some(root));
        let test_callers = chains_to_entries(&test_chains, Some(root));
        let callees = chains_to_entries(&outgoing_chains, Some(root));
        (callers, test_callers, callees)
    } else {
        // follow_depth > 1: re-query at depth 1 to get only direct edges.
        let incoming1 = graph
            .find_incoming_chains(&resolved_focus, 1)
            .unwrap_or_default();
        let outgoing1 = graph
            .find_outgoing_chains(&resolved_focus, 1)
            .unwrap_or_default();
        let (prod1, test1): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = incoming1.into_iter().partition(|chain| {
            chain
                .chain
                .first()
                .is_none_or(|(name, path, _)| !is_test_file(path) && !name.starts_with("test_"))
        });
        let callers = chains_to_entries(&prod1, Some(root));
        let test_callers = chains_to_entries(&test1, Some(root));
        let callees = chains_to_entries(&outgoing1, Some(root));
        (callers, test_callers, callees)
    };

    Ok(FocusedAnalysisOutput {
        formatted,
        next_cursor: None,
        callers: depth1_callers,
        test_callers: depth1_test_callers,
        callees: depth1_callees,
        prod_chains,
        test_chains,
        outgoing_chains,
        def_count,
        unfiltered_caller_count,
        impl_trait_caller_count,
        def_use_sites,
        cache_tier: None,
    })
}

/// Phase 5: Extract def-use sites for `symbol` across all entries.
/// Writes go before reads; within each kind ordered by file, line, then column.
fn collect_def_use_sites(
    entries: &[WalkEntry],
    symbol: &str,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
    root: &std::path::Path,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
) -> Vec<crate::types::DefUseSite> {
    use crate::parser::SemanticExtractor;

    let file_entries: Vec<&WalkEntry> = entries
        .iter()
        .filter(|e| !e.is_dir && !e.is_symlink)
        .collect();

    let mut sites: Vec<crate::types::DefUseSite> = file_entries
        .par_iter()
        .filter_map(|entry| {
            if ct.is_cancelled() {
                return None;
            }

            // Check file size before reading
            if entry.path.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
                tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", entry.path.display());
                return None;
            }

            let Ok(source) = std::fs::read_to_string(&entry.path) else {
                return None;
            };
            let ext = entry
                .path
                .extension()
                .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
                .unwrap_or("");
            let lang = crate::lang::language_for_extension(ext)?;
            let file_path = entry
                .path
                .strip_prefix(root)
                .unwrap_or(&entry.path)
                .display()
                .to_string();
            let sites = SemanticExtractor::extract_def_use_for_file(
                &source,
                lang,
                symbol,
                &file_path,
                ast_recursion_limit,
            );
            if sites.is_empty() { None } else { Some(sites) }
        })
        .flatten()
        .collect();

    // Writes before reads; within each kind: file, line, then column for deterministic order
    sites.sort_by(|a, b| {
        use crate::types::DefUseKind;
        let kind_ord = |k: &DefUseKind| match k {
            DefUseKind::Write | DefUseKind::WriteRead => 0,
            DefUseKind::Read => 1,
        };
        kind_ord(&a.kind)
            .cmp(&kind_ord(&b.kind))
            .then_with(|| a.file.cmp(&b.file))
            .then_with(|| a.line.cmp(&b.line))
            .then_with(|| a.column.cmp(&b.column))
    });

    sites
}

/// Analyze a symbol's call graph using pre-walked directory entries.
pub fn analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries(
    root: &Path,
    params: &FocusedAnalysisConfig,
    progress: &Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    ct: &CancellationToken,
    entries: &[WalkEntry],
) -> Result<FocusedAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let internal_params = InternalFocusedParams {
        focus: params.focus.clone(),
        match_mode: params.match_mode.clone(),
        follow_depth: params.follow_depth,
        ast_recursion_limit: params.ast_recursion_limit,
        use_summary: params.use_summary,
        impl_only: params.impl_only,
        def_use: params.def_use,
        parse_timeout_micros: params.parse_timeout_micros,
    };
    analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries_internal(
        root,
        params.max_depth,
        progress,
        ct,
        &internal_params,
        entries,
    )
}

#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path = %root.display(), symbol = %focus))]
pub fn analyze_focused(
    root: &Path,
    focus: &str,
    follow_depth: u32,
    max_depth: Option<u32>,
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
) -> Result<FocusedAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let entries = walk_directory(root, max_depth)?;
    let counter = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
    let ct = CancellationToken::new();
    let params = FocusedAnalysisConfig {
        focus: focus.to_string(),
        match_mode: SymbolMatchMode::Exact,
        follow_depth,
        max_depth,
        ast_recursion_limit,
        use_summary: false,
        impl_only: None,
        def_use: false,
        parse_timeout_micros: None,
    };
    analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries(root, &params, &counter, &ct, &entries)
}

/// Analyze a single file and return a minimal fixed schema (name, line count, language,
/// functions, imports) for lightweight code understanding.
#[instrument(skip_all, fields(path))]
pub fn analyze_module_file(path: &str) -> Result<crate::types::ModuleInfo, AnalyzeError> {
    // Check file size before reading
    if Path::new(path).metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
        tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", path);
        return Err(AnalyzeError::Parser(
            crate::parser::ParserError::ParseError("file too large".to_string()),
        ));
    }

    let source = std::fs::read_to_string(path)
        .map_err(|e| AnalyzeError::Parser(crate::parser::ParserError::ParseError(e.to_string())))?;

    let file_path = Path::new(path);
    let name = file_path
        .file_name()
        .and_then(|s| s.to_str())
        .unwrap_or("unknown")
        .to_string();

    let line_count = source.lines().count();

    let language = file_path
        .extension()
        .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
        .and_then(language_for_extension)
        .ok_or_else(|| {
            AnalyzeError::Parser(crate::parser::ParserError::UnsupportedLanguage(
                file_path
                    .extension()
                    .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
                    .unwrap_or("(no extension)")
                    .to_string(),
            ))
        })?;

    let mut module_info = SemanticExtractor::extract_module_info(&source, language, None)?;
    module_info.name = name;
    module_info.line_count = line_count;

    Ok(module_info)
}

/// Scan a directory for files that import a given module path.
///
/// For each non-directory walk entry, extracts imports via [`SemanticExtractor`] and
/// checks whether `module` matches `ImportInfo.module` or appears in `ImportInfo.items`.
/// Returns a [`FocusedAnalysisOutput`] whose `formatted` field lists matching files.
pub fn analyze_import_lookup(
    root: &Path,
    module: &str,
    entries: &[WalkEntry],
    ast_recursion_limit: Option<usize>,
) -> Result<FocusedAnalysisOutput, AnalyzeError> {
    let matches: Vec<(PathBuf, usize)> = entries
        .par_iter()
        .filter_map(|entry| {
            if entry.is_dir || entry.is_symlink {
                tracing::debug!("skipping symlink: {}", entry.path.display());
                return None;
            }
            let ext = entry
                .path
                .extension()
                .and_then(|e| e.to_str())
                .and_then(crate::lang::language_for_extension)?;
            let source = std::fs::read_to_string(&entry.path).ok()?;
            let semantic =
                SemanticExtractor::extract(&source, ext, ast_recursion_limit, None).ok()?;
            for import in &semantic.imports {
                if import.module == module || import.items.iter().any(|item| item == module) {
                    return Some((entry.path.clone(), import.line));
                }
            }
            None
        })
        .collect();

    let mut text = format!("IMPORT_LOOKUP: {module}\n");
    text.push_str(&format!("ROOT: {}\n", root.display()));
    text.push_str(&format!("MATCHES: {}\n", matches.len()));
    for (path, line) in &matches {
        let rel = path.strip_prefix(root).unwrap_or(path);
        text.push_str(&format!("  {}:{line}\n", rel.display()));
    }

    Ok(FocusedAnalysisOutput {
        formatted: text,
        next_cursor: None,
        prod_chains: vec![],
        test_chains: vec![],
        outgoing_chains: vec![],
        def_count: 0,
        unfiltered_caller_count: 0,
        impl_trait_caller_count: 0,
        callers: None,
        test_callers: None,
        callees: None,
        def_use_sites: vec![],
        cache_tier: None,
    })
}

/// Resolve Python wildcard imports to actual symbol names.
///
/// For each import with items=`["*"]`, this function:
/// 1. Parses the relative dots (if any) and climbs the directory tree
/// 2. Finds the target .py file or __init__.py
/// 3. Extracts symbols (functions and classes) from the target
/// 4. Honors __all__ if defined, otherwise uses function+class names
///
/// All resolution failures are non-fatal: debug-logged and the wildcard is preserved.
fn resolve_wildcard_imports(file_path: &Path, imports: &mut [ImportInfo]) {
    use std::collections::HashMap;

    let mut resolved_cache: HashMap<PathBuf, Vec<String>> = HashMap::new();
    let Ok(file_path_canonical) = file_path.canonicalize() else {
        tracing::debug!(file = ?file_path, "unable to canonicalize current file path");
        return;
    };

    for import in imports.iter_mut() {
        if import.items != ["*"] {
            continue;
        }
        resolve_single_wildcard(import, file_path, &file_path_canonical, &mut resolved_cache);
    }
}

/// Validate and canonicalize a wildcard target path, checking for self-references.
/// Returns the canonical path if valid, or None if validation fails.
fn validate_wildcard_target(
    target_to_read: &Path,
    file_path_canonical: &Path,
    module: &str,
) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    let Ok(canonical) = target_to_read.canonicalize() else {
        tracing::debug!(target = ?target_to_read, import = %module, "unable to canonicalize path");
        return None;
    };

    if canonical == file_path_canonical {
        tracing::debug!(target = ?canonical, import = %module, "cannot import from self");
        return None;
    }

    Some(canonical)
}

/// Resolve one wildcard import in place. On any failure the import is left unchanged.
fn resolve_single_wildcard(
    import: &mut ImportInfo,
    file_path: &Path,
    file_path_canonical: &Path,
    resolved_cache: &mut std::collections::HashMap<PathBuf, Vec<String>>,
) {
    let module = import.module.clone();
    let dot_count = module.chars().take_while(|c| *c == '.').count();
    if dot_count == 0 {
        return;
    }
    let module_path = module.trim_start_matches('.');

    let Some(target_to_read) = locate_target_file(file_path, dot_count, module_path, &module)
    else {
        return;
    };

    let Some(canonical) = validate_wildcard_target(&target_to_read, file_path_canonical, &module)
    else {
        return;
    };

    if let Some(cached) = resolved_cache.get(&canonical) {
        tracing::debug!(import = %module, symbols_count = cached.len(), "using cached symbols");
        import.items.clone_from(cached);
        return;
    }

    if let Some(symbols) = parse_target_symbols(&target_to_read, &module) {
        tracing::debug!(import = %module, resolved_count = symbols.len(), "wildcard import resolved");
        import.items.clone_from(&symbols);
        resolved_cache.insert(canonical, symbols);
    }
}

/// Locate the .py file that a wildcard import refers to. Returns None if not found.
fn locate_target_file(
    file_path: &Path,
    dot_count: usize,
    module_path: &str,
    module: &str,
) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    let mut target_dir = file_path.parent()?.to_path_buf();

    for _ in 1..dot_count {
        if !target_dir.pop() {
            tracing::debug!(import = %module, "unable to climb {} levels", dot_count.saturating_sub(1));
            return None;
        }
    }

    let target_file = if module_path.is_empty() {
        target_dir.join("__init__.py")
    } else {
        let rel_path = module_path.replace('.', "/");
        target_dir.join(format!("{rel_path}.py"))
    };

    if target_file.exists() {
        Some(target_file)
    } else if target_file.with_extension("").is_dir() {
        let init = target_file.with_extension("").join("__init__.py");
        if init.exists() { Some(init) } else { None }
    } else {
        tracing::debug!(target = ?target_file, import = %module, "target file not found");
        None
    }
}

/// Build a tree-sitter parser for Python and parse the source code.
fn build_parser_for_file(source: &str) -> Option<tree_sitter::Tree> {
    use tree_sitter::Parser;

    let lang_info = crate::languages::get_language_info("python")?;
    let mut parser = Parser::new();
    if parser.set_language(&lang_info.language).is_err() {
        return None;
    }
    parser.parse(source, None)
}

/// Extract all public symbols from a parsed tree (functions and classes).
fn extract_all_symbols(tree: &tree_sitter::Tree, source: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let mut symbols = Vec::new();
    let root = tree.root_node();
    let mut cursor = root.walk();
    for child in root.children(&mut cursor) {
        if matches!(child.kind(), "function_definition" | "class_definition")
            && let Some(name_node) = child.child_by_field_name("name")
        {
            let name = source[name_node.start_byte()..name_node.end_byte()].to_string();
            if !name.starts_with('_') {
                symbols.push(name);
            }
        }
    }
    symbols
}

/// Try to resolve symbols from __all__ or fallback to function/class extraction.
fn resolve_symbols_from_tree(tree: &tree_sitter::Tree, source: &str, module: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let mut symbols = Vec::new();
    extract_all_from_tree(tree, source, &mut symbols);
    if !symbols.is_empty() {
        tracing::debug!(import = %module, symbols = ?symbols, "using __all__ symbols");
        return symbols;
    }

    // Fallback: extract functions/classes from the tree
    let symbols = extract_all_symbols(tree, source);
    tracing::debug!(import = %module, fallback_symbols = ?symbols, "using fallback function/class names");
    symbols
}

/// Read and parse a target .py file, returning its exported symbols.
fn parse_target_symbols(target_path: &Path, module: &str) -> Option<Vec<String>> {
    // Check file size before reading
    if target_path.metadata().map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES {
        tracing::debug!("skipping large file: {}", target_path.display());
        return None;
    }

    let source = match std::fs::read_to_string(target_path) {
        Ok(s) => s,
        Err(e) => {
            tracing::debug!(target = ?target_path, import = %module, error = %e, "unable to read target file");
            return None;
        }
    };

    // Parse once with tree-sitter
    let tree = build_parser_for_file(&source)?;

    // Try to extract __all__ or fallback to function/class extraction
    let symbols = resolve_symbols_from_tree(&tree, &source, module);
    Some(symbols)
}

/// Extract __all__ from a tree-sitter tree.
fn extract_all_from_tree(tree: &tree_sitter::Tree, source: &str, result: &mut Vec<String>) {
    let root = tree.root_node();
    let mut cursor = root.walk();
    for child in root.children(&mut cursor) {
        if child.kind() == "simple_statement" {
            // simple_statement contains assignment and other statement types
            let mut simple_cursor = child.walk();
            for simple_child in child.children(&mut simple_cursor) {
                if simple_child.kind() == "assignment"
                    && let Some(left) = simple_child.child_by_field_name("left")
                {
                    let target_text = source[left.start_byte()..left.end_byte()].trim();
                    if target_text == "__all__"
                        && let Some(right) = simple_child.child_by_field_name("right")
                    {
                        extract_string_list_from_list_node(&right, source, result);
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if child.kind() == "expression_statement" {
            // Fallback for older Python AST structures
            let mut stmt_cursor = child.walk();
            for stmt_child in child.children(&mut stmt_cursor) {
                if stmt_child.kind() == "assignment"
                    && let Some(left) = stmt_child.child_by_field_name("left")
                {
                    let target_text = source[left.start_byte()..left.end_byte()].trim();
                    if target_text == "__all__"
                        && let Some(right) = stmt_child.child_by_field_name("right")
                    {
                        extract_string_list_from_list_node(&right, source, result);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/// Extract string literals from a Python list node.
fn extract_string_list_from_list_node(
    list_node: &tree_sitter::Node,
    source: &str,
    result: &mut Vec<String>,
) {
    let mut cursor = list_node.walk();
    for child in list_node.named_children(&mut cursor) {
        if child.kind() == "string" {
            let raw = source[child.start_byte()..child.end_byte()].trim();
            // Strip quotes: "name" -> name
            let unquoted = raw.trim_matches('"').trim_matches('\'').to_string();
            if !unquoted.is_empty() {
                result.push(unquoted);
            }
        }
    }
}

/// Read a file and return its raw content with line numbers for a specified range.
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::formatter::format_focused_paginated;
    use crate::graph::InternalCallChain;
    use crate::pagination::{PaginationMode, decode_cursor, paginate_slice};
    use std::fs;
    use std::path::PathBuf;
    use tempfile::TempDir;

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-rust")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_rust_happy_path() {
        let source = "fn hello() -> i32 { 42 }";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "rs", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-python")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_python_happy_path() {
        let source = "def greet(name):\n    return f'Hello {name}'";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "py", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-rust")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_rust_by_language_name() {
        let source = "fn hello() -> i32 { 42 }";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "rust", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-python")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_python_by_language_name() {
        let source = "def greet(name):\n    return f'Hello {name}'";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "python", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-rust")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_rust_mixed_case() {
        let source = "fn hello() -> i32 { 42 }";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "RuSt", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-python")]
    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_python_mixed_case() {
        let source = "def greet(name):\n    return f'Hello {name}'";
        let result = analyze_str(source, "PyThOn", None);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn analyze_str_unsupported_language() {
        let result = analyze_str("code", "brainfuck", None);
        assert!(
            matches!(result, Err(AnalyzeError::UnsupportedLanguage(lang)) if lang == "brainfuck")
        );
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-rust")]
    #[test]
    fn test_symbol_focus_callers_pagination_first_page() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        // Create a file with many callers of `target`
        let mut code = String::from("fn target() {}\n");
        for i in 0..15 {
            code.push_str(&format!("fn caller_{:02}() {{ target(); }}\n", i));
        }
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), &code).unwrap();

        // Act
        let output = analyze_focused(temp_dir.path(), "target", 1, None, None).unwrap();

        // Paginate prod callers with page_size=5
        let paginated = paginate_slice(&output.prod_chains, 0, 5, PaginationMode::Callers)
            .expect("paginate failed");
        assert!(
            paginated.total >= 5,
            "should have enough callers to paginate"
        );
        assert!(
            paginated.next_cursor.is_some(),
            "should have next_cursor for page 1"
        );

        // Verify cursor encodes callers mode
        assert_eq!(paginated.items.len(), 5);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_symbol_focus_callers_pagination_second_page() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        let mut code = String::from("fn target() {}\n");
        for i in 0..12 {
            code.push_str(&format!("fn caller_{:02}() {{ target(); }}\n", i));
        }
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), &code).unwrap();

        let output = analyze_focused(temp_dir.path(), "target", 1, None, None).unwrap();
        let total_prod = output.prod_chains.len();

        if total_prod > 5 {
            // Get page 1 cursor
            let p1 = paginate_slice(&output.prod_chains, 0, 5, PaginationMode::Callers)
                .expect("paginate failed");
            assert!(p1.next_cursor.is_some());

            let cursor_str = p1.next_cursor.unwrap();
            let cursor_data = decode_cursor(&cursor_str).expect("decode failed");

            // Get page 2
            let p2 = paginate_slice(
                &output.prod_chains,
                cursor_data.offset,
                5,
                PaginationMode::Callers,
            )
            .expect("paginate failed");

            // Format paginated output
            let formatted = format_focused_paginated(
                &p2.items,
                total_prod,
                PaginationMode::Callers,
                "target",
                &output.prod_chains,
                &output.test_chains,
                &output.outgoing_chains,
                output.def_count,
                cursor_data.offset,
                Some(temp_dir.path()),
                true,
            );

            // Assert: header shows correct range for page 2
            let expected_start = cursor_data.offset + 1;
            assert!(
                formatted.contains(&format!("CALLERS ({}", expected_start)),
                "header should show page 2 range, got: {}",
                formatted
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_chains_to_entries_empty_returns_none() {
        // Arrange
        let chains: Vec<InternalCallChain> = vec![];

        // Act
        let result = chains_to_entries(&chains, None);

        // Assert
        assert!(result.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_chains_to_entries_with_data_returns_entries() {
        // Arrange
        let chains = vec![
            InternalCallChain {
                chain: vec![("caller1".to_string(), PathBuf::from("/root/lib.rs"), 10)],
            },
            InternalCallChain {
                chain: vec![("caller2".to_string(), PathBuf::from("/root/other.rs"), 20)],
            },
        ];
        let root = PathBuf::from("/root");

        // Act
        let result = chains_to_entries(&chains, Some(root.as_path()));

        // Assert
        assert!(result.is_some());
        let entries = result.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entries.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(entries[0].symbol, "caller1");
        assert_eq!(entries[0].file, "lib.rs");
        assert_eq!(entries[0].line, 10);
        assert_eq!(entries[1].symbol, "caller2");
        assert_eq!(entries[1].file, "other.rs");
        assert_eq!(entries[1].line, 20);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_symbol_focus_callees_pagination() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        // target calls many functions
        let mut code = String::from("fn target() {\n");
        for i in 0..10 {
            code.push_str(&format!("    callee_{:02}();\n", i));
        }
        code.push_str("}\n");
        for i in 0..10 {
            code.push_str(&format!("fn callee_{:02}() {{}}\n", i));
        }
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), &code).unwrap();

        let output = analyze_focused(temp_dir.path(), "target", 1, None, None).unwrap();
        let total_callees = output.outgoing_chains.len();

        if total_callees > 3 {
            let paginated = paginate_slice(&output.outgoing_chains, 0, 3, PaginationMode::Callees)
                .expect("paginate failed");

            let formatted = format_focused_paginated(
                &paginated.items,
                total_callees,
                PaginationMode::Callees,
                "target",
                &output.prod_chains,
                &output.test_chains,
                &output.outgoing_chains,
                output.def_count,
                0,
                Some(temp_dir.path()),
                true,
            );

            assert!(
                formatted.contains(&format!(
                    "CALLEES (1-{} of {})",
                    paginated.items.len(),
                    total_callees
                )),
                "header should show callees range, got: {}",
                formatted
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_symbol_focus_empty_prod_callers() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        // target is only called from test functions
        let code = r#"
fn target() {}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    #[test]
    fn test_something() { target(); }
}
"#;
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), code).unwrap();

        let output = analyze_focused(temp_dir.path(), "target", 1, None, None).unwrap();

        // prod_chains may be empty; pagination should handle it gracefully
        let paginated = paginate_slice(&output.prod_chains, 0, 100, PaginationMode::Callers)
            .expect("paginate failed");
        assert_eq!(paginated.items.len(), output.prod_chains.len());
        assert!(
            paginated.next_cursor.is_none(),
            "no next_cursor for empty or single-page prod_chains"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_impl_only_filter_header_correct_counts() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        // Create a Rust fixture with:
        // - A trait definition
        // - An impl Trait for SomeType block that calls the focus symbol
        // - A regular (non-trait-impl) function that also calls the focus symbol
        let code = r#"
trait MyTrait {
    fn focus_symbol();
}

struct SomeType;

impl MyTrait for SomeType {
    fn focus_symbol() {}
}

fn impl_caller() {
    SomeType::focus_symbol();
}

fn regular_caller() {
    SomeType::focus_symbol();
}
"#;
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), code).unwrap();

        // Call analyze_focused with impl_only=Some(true)
        let params = FocusedAnalysisConfig {
            focus: "focus_symbol".to_string(),
            match_mode: SymbolMatchMode::Insensitive,
            follow_depth: 1,
            max_depth: None,
            ast_recursion_limit: None,
            use_summary: false,
            impl_only: Some(true),
            def_use: false,
            parse_timeout_micros: None,
        };
        let output = analyze_focused_with_progress(
            temp_dir.path(),
            &params,
            Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0)),
            CancellationToken::new(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        // Assert the result contains "FILTER: impl_only=true"
        assert!(
            output.formatted.contains("FILTER: impl_only=true"),
            "formatted output should contain FILTER header for impl_only=true, got: {}",
            output.formatted
        );

        // Assert the retained count N < total count M
        assert!(
            output.impl_trait_caller_count < output.unfiltered_caller_count,
            "impl_trait_caller_count ({}) should be less than unfiltered_caller_count ({})",
            output.impl_trait_caller_count,
            output.unfiltered_caller_count
        );

        // Assert format is "FILTER: impl_only=true (N of M callers shown)"
        let filter_line = output
            .formatted
            .lines()
            .find(|line| line.contains("FILTER: impl_only=true"))
            .expect("should find FILTER line");
        assert!(
            filter_line.contains(&format!(
                "({} of {} callers shown)",
                output.impl_trait_caller_count, output.unfiltered_caller_count
            )),
            "FILTER line should show correct N of M counts, got: {}",
            filter_line
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_callers_count_matches_formatted_output() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();

        // Create a file with multiple callers of `target`
        let code = r#"
fn target() {}
fn caller_a() { target(); }
fn caller_b() { target(); }
fn caller_c() { target(); }
"#;
        fs::write(temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"), code).unwrap();

        // Analyze the symbol
        let output = analyze_focused(temp_dir.path(), "target", 1, None, None).unwrap();

        // Extract CALLERS count from formatted output
        let formatted = &output.formatted;
        let callers_count_from_output = formatted
            .lines()
            .find(|line| line.contains("FOCUS:"))
            .and_then(|line| {
                line.split(',')
                    .find(|part| part.contains("callers"))
                    .and_then(|part| {
                        part.trim()
                            .split_whitespace()
                            .next()
                            .and_then(|s| s.parse::<usize>().ok())
                    })
            })
            .expect("should find CALLERS count in formatted output");

        // Compute expected count from prod_chains (unique first-caller names)
        let expected_callers_count = output
            .prod_chains
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|chain| chain.chain.first().map(|(name, _, _)| name))
            .collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>()
            .len();

        assert_eq!(
            callers_count_from_output, expected_callers_count,
            "CALLERS count in formatted output should match unique-first-caller count in prod_chains"
        );
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "lang-rust")]
    #[test]
    fn test_def_use_focused_analysis() {
        let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        fs::write(
            temp_dir.path().join("lib.rs"),
            "fn example() {\n    let x = 10;\n    x += 1;\n    println!(\"{}\", x);\n    let y = x + 1;\n}\n",
        )
        .unwrap();

        let entries = walk_directory(temp_dir.path(), None).unwrap();
        let counter = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
        let ct = CancellationToken::new();
        let params = FocusedAnalysisConfig {
            focus: "x".to_string(),
            match_mode: SymbolMatchMode::Exact,
            follow_depth: 1,
            max_depth: None,
            ast_recursion_limit: None,
            use_summary: false,
            impl_only: None,
            def_use: true,
            parse_timeout_micros: None,
        };

        let output = analyze_focused_with_progress_with_entries(
            temp_dir.path(),
            &params,
            &counter,
            &ct,
            &entries,
        )
        .expect("def_use analysis should succeed");

        assert!(
            !output.def_use_sites.is_empty(),
            "should find def-use sites for x"
        );
        assert!(
            output
                .def_use_sites
                .iter()
                .any(|s| s.kind == crate::types::DefUseKind::Write),
            "should have at least one Write site",
        );
        // No location appears as both write and read
        let write_locs: std::collections::HashSet<_> = output
            .def_use_sites
            .iter()
            .filter(|s| {
                matches!(
                    s.kind,
                    crate::types::DefUseKind::Write | crate::types::DefUseKind::WriteRead
                )
            })
            .map(|s| (&s.file, s.line, s.column))
            .collect();
        assert!(
            output
                .def_use_sites
                .iter()
                .filter(|s| s.kind == crate::types::DefUseKind::Read)
                .all(|s| !write_locs.contains(&(&s.file, s.line, s.column))),
            "no location should appear as both write and read",
        );
        assert!(
            output.formatted.contains("DEF-USE SITES"),
            "formatted output should contain DEF-USE SITES"
        );
    }

    fn make_temp_file(content: &str) -> tempfile::NamedTempFile {
        let mut f = tempfile::NamedTempFile::new().unwrap();
        use std::io::Write;
        f.write_all(content.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        f.flush().unwrap();
        f
    }
}