apcore_cli/

shell.rs

// apcore-cli — Shell completion and man page generation.
// Protocol spec: FE-10 (register_shell_commands)

use clap::Command;
use clap_complete::{generate, Shell};
use thiserror::Error;

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ShellError
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Errors produced by shell integration commands.
#[derive(Debug, Error)]
pub enum ShellError {
    #[error("unknown command '{0}'")]
    UnknownCommand(String),
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// KNOWN_BUILTINS
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// The fixed set of built-in CLI command names.
///
/// `cmd_man` consults this list when the requested command name is not found
/// among the live clap subcommands, so that built-in commands that have not
/// yet been wired still produce a man page stub rather than an "unknown
/// command" error.
pub const KNOWN_BUILTINS: &[&str] = &["exec", "list", "describe", "completion", "init", "man"];

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// register_shell_commands
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Attach the `completion` and `man` subcommands to the given root command and
/// return it. Uses the clap v4 builder idiom (consume + return).
///
/// * `completion <shell>` — emit shell completion script to stdout
///   Supported shells: `bash`, `zsh`, `fish`, `powershell`, `elvish`
/// * `man`                — emit a man page to stdout
pub fn register_shell_commands(cli: Command, prog_name: &str) -> Command {
    let _ = prog_name; // prog_name reserved for future dynamic use
    cli.subcommand(completion_command())
        .subcommand(man_command())
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// completion_command / cmd_completion
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Build the `completion` clap subcommand.
pub fn completion_command() -> clap::Command {
    clap::Command::new("completion")
        .about("Generate a shell completion script and print it to stdout")
        .long_about(
            "Generate a shell completion script and print it to stdout.\n\n\
             Install examples:\n\
             \x20 bash:       eval \"$(apcore-cli completion bash)\"\n\
             \x20 zsh:        eval \"$(apcore-cli completion zsh)\"\n\
             \x20 fish:       apcore-cli completion fish | source\n\
             \x20 elvish:     eval (apcore-cli completion elvish)\n\
             \x20 powershell: apcore-cli completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression",
        )
        .arg(
            clap::Arg::new("shell")
                .value_name("SHELL")
                .required(true)
                .value_parser(clap::value_parser!(Shell))
                .help("Shell to generate completions for (bash, zsh, fish, elvish, powershell)"),
        )
}

/// Handler: generate a shell completion script and return it as a String.
///
/// For bash, zsh, and fish this produces grouped completion scripts that
/// support `_APCORE_GRP`-based group filtering (matching the Python
/// reference implementation).  Other shells fall back to clap_complete.
///
/// `shell`     — the target shell (parsed from clap argument)
/// `prog_name` — the program name to embed in the script
/// `cmd`       — mutable reference to the root Command (required by clap_complete)
pub fn cmd_completion(shell: Shell, prog_name: &str, cmd: &mut clap::Command) -> String {
    match shell {
        Shell::Bash => generate_grouped_bash_completion(prog_name),
        Shell::Zsh => generate_grouped_zsh_completion(prog_name),
        Shell::Fish => generate_grouped_fish_completion(prog_name),
        _ => {
            let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
            generate(shell, cmd, prog_name, &mut buf);
            String::from_utf8_lossy(&buf).into_owned()
        }
    }
}

// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// Helpers for grouped completion
// -----------------------------------------------------------------

/// Convert a prog_name like `my-tool` to a valid shell function
/// name: `_my_tool`.
fn make_function_name(prog_name: &str) -> String {
    let sanitised: String = prog_name
        .chars()
        .map(|c| if c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() { c } else { '_' })
        .collect();
    format!("_{sanitised}")
}

/// POSIX-style shell quoting for a program name.
///
/// Wraps the value in single quotes and escapes embedded single
/// quotes using the `'\''` idiom.
fn shell_quote(s: &str) -> String {
    if s.chars()
        .all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-' || c == '_')
    {
        return s.to_string();
    }
    format!("'{}'", s.replace('\'', "'\\''"))
}

/// Build the inline python3 command that lists all module IDs.
fn module_list_cmd(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "{quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null \
         | python3 -c \"import sys,json;\
         [print(m['id']) for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\" \
         2>/dev/null"
    )
}

/// Build the inline python3 command that extracts group names and
/// top-level (ungrouped) module IDs.
fn groups_and_top_cmd(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "{quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null \
         | python3 -c \"\
         import sys,json\n\
         ids=[m['id'] for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\n\
         groups=set()\n\
         top=[]\n\
         for i in ids:\n\
             if '.' in i: groups.add(i.split('.')[0])\n\
             else: top.append(i)\n\
         print(' '.join(sorted(groups)+sorted(top)))\n\
         \" 2>/dev/null"
    )
}

/// Build the inline python3 command that lists sub-commands for a
/// group using the `_APCORE_GRP` environment variable.
fn group_cmds_cmd(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "{quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null \
         | python3 -c \"\
         import sys,json,os\n\
         g=os.environ['_APCORE_GRP']\n\
         ids=[m['id'] for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\n\
         for i in ids:\n\
             if '.' in i and i.split('.')[0]==g: \
         print(i.split('.',1)[1])\n\
         \" 2>/dev/null"
    )
}

// -----------------------------------------------------------------
// Grouped completion generators
// -----------------------------------------------------------------

/// Generate a bash completion script with grouped module support.
///
/// Position 1: complete with builtins + group names + top-level IDs.
/// Position 2 after `exec`: complete with all module IDs.
/// Position 2 other: export `_APCORE_GRP="$prev"`, filter by group.
pub fn generate_grouped_bash_completion(prog_name: &str) -> String {
    let fn_name = make_function_name(prog_name);
    let quoted = shell_quote(prog_name);
    let ml = module_list_cmd(&quoted);
    let gt = groups_and_top_cmd(&quoted);
    let gc = group_cmds_cmd(&quoted);

    format!(
        "{fn_name}() {{\n\
         \x20   local cur prev\n\
         \x20   COMPREPLY=()\n\
         \x20   cur=\"${{COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}}\"\n\
         \x20   prev=\"${{COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}}\"\n\
         \n\
         \x20   if [[ ${{COMP_CWORD}} -eq 1 ]]; then\n\
         \x20       local all_ids=$({gt})\n\
         \x20       local builtins=\"completion describe exec init list man\"\n\
         \x20       COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W \
         \"${{builtins}} ${{all_ids}}\" -- ${{cur}}) )\n\
         \x20       return 0\n\
         \x20   fi\n\
         \n\
         \x20   if [[ \"${{COMP_WORDS[1]}}\" == \"exec\" \
         && ${{COMP_CWORD}} -eq 2 ]]; then\n\
         \x20       local modules=$({ml})\n\
         \x20       COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W \
         \"${{modules}}\" -- ${{cur}}) )\n\
         \x20       return 0\n\
         \x20   fi\n\
         \n\
         \x20   if [[ ${{COMP_CWORD}} -eq 2 ]]; then\n\
         \x20       local grp=\"${{COMP_WORDS[1]}}\"\n\
         \x20       local cmds=$(export \
         _APCORE_GRP=\"$grp\"; {gc})\n\
         \x20       COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W \
         \"${{cmds}}\" -- ${{cur}}) )\n\
         \x20       return 0\n\
         \x20   fi\n\
         }}\n\
         complete -F {fn_name} {quoted}\n"
    )
}

/// Generate a zsh completion script with grouped module support.
///
/// Uses `_arguments`, `compadd`, and `compdef` for native zsh
/// completion integration.
pub fn generate_grouped_zsh_completion(prog_name: &str) -> String {
    let fn_name = make_function_name(prog_name);
    let quoted = shell_quote(prog_name);
    let ml = module_list_cmd(&quoted);
    let gt = groups_and_top_cmd(&quoted);
    let gc = group_cmds_cmd(&quoted);

    format!(
        "#compdef {prog_name}\n\
         \n\
         {fn_name}() {{\n\
         \x20   local -a commands groups_and_top\n\
         \x20   commands=(\n\
         \x20       'exec:Execute an apcore module'\n\
         \x20       'list:List available modules'\n\
         \x20       'describe:Show module metadata and schema'\n\
         \x20       'completion:Generate shell completion script'\n\
         \x20       'init:Scaffolding commands'\n\
         \x20       'man:Generate man page'\n\
         \x20   )\n\
         \n\
         \x20   _arguments -C \\\n\
         \x20       '1:command:->command' \\\n\
         \x20       '*::arg:->args'\n\
         \n\
         \x20   case \"$state\" in\n\
         \x20       command)\n\
         \x20           groups_and_top=($({gt}))\n\
         \x20           _describe -t commands \
         '{prog_name} commands' commands\n\
         \x20           compadd -a groups_and_top\n\
         \x20           ;;\n\
         \x20       args)\n\
         \x20           case \"${{words[1]}}\" in\n\
         \x20               exec)\n\
         \x20                   local modules\n\
         \x20                   modules=($({ml}))\n\
         \x20                   compadd -a modules\n\
         \x20                   ;;\n\
         \x20               *)\n\
         \x20                   local -a group_cmds\n\
         \x20                   group_cmds=($(export \
         _APCORE_GRP=\"${{words[1]}}\"; {gc}))\n\
         \x20                   compadd -a group_cmds\n\
         \x20                   ;;\n\
         \x20           esac\n\
         \x20           ;;\n\
         \x20   esac\n\
         }}\n\
         \n\
         compdef {fn_name} {quoted}\n"
    )
}

/// Generate a fish completion script with grouped module support.
///
/// Defines `__apcore_group_cmds` helper and uses `complete -c` for
/// native fish integration.
pub fn generate_grouped_fish_completion(prog_name: &str) -> String {
    let quoted = shell_quote(prog_name);

    // Fish uses backslash-escaped quotes inside -c strings
    let ml_fish = module_list_cmd_fish(&quoted);
    let gt_fish = groups_and_top_cmd_fish(&quoted);
    let gc_fish_fn = group_cmds_fish_fn(&quoted);

    format!(
        "# Fish completions for {prog_name}\n\
         \n\
         {gc_fish_fn}\
         \n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a exec -d \"Execute an apcore module\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a list -d \"List available modules\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a describe -d \"Show module metadata and schema\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a completion -d \"Generate shell completion script\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a init -d \"Scaffolding commands\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a man -d \"Generate man page\"\n\
         complete -c {quoted} -n \"__fish_use_subcommand\" \
         -a \"({gt_fish})\" \
         -d \"Module group or command\"\n\
         \n\
         complete -c {quoted} \
         -n \"__fish_seen_subcommand_from exec\" \
         -a \"({ml_fish})\"\n"
    )
}

/// Fish-specific module list command (uses backslash-escaped quotes).
fn module_list_cmd_fish(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "{quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null \
         | python3 -c \\\"import sys,json;\
         [print(m['id']) for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\\\" \
         2>/dev/null"
    )
}

/// Fish-specific groups-and-top command.
fn groups_and_top_cmd_fish(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "{quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null \
         | python3 -c \\\"\
         import sys,json\\n\
         ids=[m['id'] for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\\n\
         groups=set()\\n\
         top=[]\\n\
         for i in ids:\\n\
             if '.' in i: groups.add(i.split('.')[0])\\n\
             else: top.append(i)\\n\
         print('\\\\n'.join(sorted(groups)+sorted(top)))\\n\
         \\\" 2>/dev/null"
    )
}

/// Fish helper function for group sub-commands.
fn group_cmds_fish_fn(quoted: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        "function __apcore_group_cmds\n\
         \x20   set -l grp $argv[1]\n\
         \x20   {quoted} list --format json 2>/dev/null\
         | python3 -c \\\"\
         import sys,json,os\\n\
         g=os.environ['_APCORE_GRP']\\n\
         ids=[m['id'] for m in json.load(sys.stdin)]\\n\
         for i in ids:\\n\
             if '.' in i and i.split('.')[0]==g: \
         print(i.split('.',1)[1])\\n\
         \\\" 2>/dev/null\n\
         end\n"
    )
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// man_command / build_synopsis / generate_man_page / cmd_man
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Build the `man` clap subcommand.
pub fn man_command() -> Command {
    Command::new("man")
        .about("Generate a roff man page for COMMAND and print it to stdout")
        .long_about(
            "Generate a roff man page for COMMAND and print it to stdout.\n\n\
             View immediately:\n\
             \x20 apcore-cli man exec | man -l -\n\
             \x20 apcore-cli man list | col -bx | less\n\n\
             Install system-wide:\n\
             \x20 apcore-cli man exec > /usr/local/share/man/man1/apcore-cli-exec.1\n\
             \x20 mandb   # (Linux)  or  /usr/libexec/makewhatis  # (macOS)",
        )
        .arg(
            clap::Arg::new("command")
                .value_name("COMMAND")
                .required(true)
                .help("CLI subcommand to generate the man page for"),
        )
}

/// Build the roff SYNOPSIS line from a clap Command's arguments.
pub fn build_synopsis(cmd: Option<&clap::Command>, prog_name: &str, command_name: &str) -> String {
    let Some(cmd) = cmd else {
        return format!("\\fB{prog_name} {command_name}\\fR [OPTIONS]");
    };

    let mut parts = vec![format!("\\fB{prog_name} {command_name}\\fR")];

    for arg in cmd.get_arguments() {
        // Skip help/version flags injected by clap
        let id = arg.get_id().as_str();
        if id == "help" || id == "version" {
            continue;
        }

        let is_positional = arg.get_long().is_none() && arg.get_short().is_none();
        let is_required = arg.is_required_set();

        if is_positional {
            let meta_owned: String = arg
                .get_value_names()
                .and_then(|v| v.first().map(|s| s.to_string()))
                .unwrap_or_else(|| "ARG".to_string());
            let meta = meta_owned.as_str();
            if is_required {
                parts.push(format!("\\fI{meta}\\fR"));
            } else {
                parts.push(format!("[\\fI{meta}\\fR]"));
            }
        } else {
            let flag = if let Some(long) = arg.get_long() {
                format!("\\-\\-{long}")
            } else {
                format!("\\-{}", arg.get_short().unwrap())
            };
            let is_flag = arg.get_num_args().is_some_and(|r| r.max_values() == 0);
            if is_flag {
                parts.push(format!("[{flag}]"));
            } else {
                let type_name_owned: String = arg
                    .get_value_names()
                    .and_then(|v| v.first().map(|s| s.to_string()))
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "VALUE".to_string());
                let type_name = type_name_owned.as_str();
                if is_required {
                    parts.push(format!("{flag} \\fI{type_name}\\fR"));
                } else {
                    parts.push(format!("[{flag} \\fI{type_name}\\fR]"));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    parts.join(" ")
}

/// Build a complete roff man page string for a CLI subcommand.
pub fn generate_man_page(
    command_name: &str,
    cmd: Option<&clap::Command>,
    prog_name: &str,
    version: &str,
) -> String {
    use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};

    let today = {
        let secs = SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
            .map(|d| d.as_secs())
            .unwrap_or(0);
        let days = secs / 86400;
        format_roff_date(days)
    };

    let title = format!("{}-{}", prog_name, command_name).to_uppercase();
    let pkg_label = format!("{prog_name} {version}");
    let manual_label = format!("{prog_name} Manual");

    let mut sections: Vec<String> = Vec::new();

    // .TH
    sections.push(format!(
        ".TH \"{title}\" \"1\" \"{today}\" \"{pkg_label}\" \"{manual_label}\""
    ));

    // .SH NAME
    sections.push(".SH NAME".to_string());
    let desc = cmd
        .and_then(|c| c.get_about())
        .map(|s| s.to_string())
        .unwrap_or_else(|| command_name.to_string());
    let name_desc = desc.lines().next().unwrap_or("").trim_end_matches('.');
    sections.push(format!("{prog_name}-{command_name} \\- {name_desc}"));

    // .SH SYNOPSIS
    sections.push(".SH SYNOPSIS".to_string());
    sections.push(build_synopsis(cmd, prog_name, command_name));

    // .SH DESCRIPTION (using about text)
    if let Some(about) = cmd.and_then(|c| c.get_about()) {
        sections.push(".SH DESCRIPTION".to_string());
        let escaped = about.to_string().replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('-', "\\-");
        sections.push(escaped);
    } else {
        // Emit a stub DESCRIPTION section so it's always present
        sections.push(".SH DESCRIPTION".to_string());
        sections.push(format!("{prog_name}\\-{command_name}"));
    }

    // .SH OPTIONS (only if command has named options)
    if let Some(c) = cmd {
        let options: Vec<_> = c
            .get_arguments()
            .filter(|a| a.get_long().is_some() || a.get_short().is_some())
            .filter(|a| a.get_id().as_str() != "help" && a.get_id().as_str() != "version")
            .collect();

        if !options.is_empty() {
            sections.push(".SH OPTIONS".to_string());
            for arg in options {
                let flag_parts: Vec<String> = {
                    let mut fp = Vec::new();
                    if let Some(short) = arg.get_short() {
                        fp.push(format!("\\-{short}"));
                    }
                    if let Some(long) = arg.get_long() {
                        fp.push(format!("\\-\\-{long}"));
                    }
                    fp
                };
                let flag_str = flag_parts.join(", ");

                let is_flag = arg.get_num_args().is_some_and(|r| r.max_values() == 0);
                sections.push(".TP".to_string());
                if is_flag {
                    sections.push(format!("\\fB{flag_str}\\fR"));
                } else {
                    let type_name_owned: String = arg
                        .get_value_names()
                        .and_then(|v| v.first().map(|s| s.to_string()))
                        .unwrap_or_else(|| "VALUE".to_string());
                    let type_name = type_name_owned.as_str();
                    sections.push(format!("\\fB{flag_str}\\fR \\fI{type_name}\\fR"));
                }
                if let Some(help) = arg.get_help() {
                    sections.push(help.to_string());
                }
                if let Some(default) = arg.get_default_values().first() {
                    if !is_flag {
                        sections.push(format!("Default: {}.", default.to_string_lossy()));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // .SH ENVIRONMENT (static)
    sections.push(".SH ENVIRONMENT".to_string());
    for (name, desc) in ENV_ENTRIES {
        sections.push(".TP".to_string());
        sections.push(format!("\\fB{name}\\fR"));
        sections.push(desc.to_string());
    }

    // .SH EXIT CODES (static — full table from spec)
    sections.push(".SH EXIT CODES".to_string());
    for (code, meaning) in EXIT_CODES {
        sections.push(format!(".TP\n\\fB{code}\\fR\n{meaning}"));
    }

    // .SH SEE ALSO
    sections.push(".SH SEE ALSO".to_string());
    let see_also = [
        format!("\\fB{prog_name}\\fR(1)"),
        format!("\\fB{prog_name}\\-list\\fR(1)"),
        format!("\\fB{prog_name}\\-describe\\fR(1)"),
        format!("\\fB{prog_name}\\-completion\\fR(1)"),
    ];
    sections.push(see_also.join(", "));

    sections.join("\n")
}

/// Static environment variable entries for the ENVIRONMENT section.
pub const ENV_ENTRIES: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
    (
        "APCORE_EXTENSIONS_ROOT",
        "Path to the apcore extensions directory. Overrides the default \\fI./extensions\\fR.",
    ),
    (
        "APCORE_CLI_AUTO_APPROVE",
        "Set to \\fB1\\fR to bypass approval prompts for modules that require human-in-the-loop confirmation.",
    ),
    (
        "APCORE_CLI_LOGGING_LEVEL",
        "CLI-specific logging verbosity. One of: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR. \
         Takes priority over \\fBAPCORE_LOGGING_LEVEL\\fR. Default: WARNING.",
    ),
    (
        "APCORE_LOGGING_LEVEL",
        "Global apcore logging verbosity. One of: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR. \
         Used as fallback when \\fBAPCORE_CLI_LOGGING_LEVEL\\fR is not set. Default: WARNING.",
    ),
    (
        "APCORE_AUTH_API_KEY",
        "API key for authenticating with the apcore registry.",
    ),
];

/// Static exit code entries for the EXIT CODES section.
pub const EXIT_CODES: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
    ("0", "Success."),
    ("1", "Module execution error."),
    ("2", "Invalid CLI input or missing argument."),
    ("44", "Module not found, disabled, or failed to load."),
    ("45", "Input failed JSON Schema validation."),
    (
        "46",
        "Approval denied, timed out, or no interactive terminal available.",
    ),
    (
        "47",
        "Configuration error (extensions directory not found or unreadable).",
    ),
    ("48", "Schema contains a circular \\fB$ref\\fR."),
    (
        "77",
        "ACL denied \\- insufficient permissions for this module.",
    ),
    ("130", "Execution cancelled by user (SIGINT / Ctrl\\-C)."),
];

/// Handler: look up a subcommand and return its roff man page.
///
/// Returns `Err(ShellError::UnknownCommand)` if `command_name` is not found
/// among `root_cmd`'s subcommands and is not in `KNOWN_BUILTINS`.
pub fn cmd_man(
    command_name: &str,
    root_cmd: &clap::Command,
    prog_name: &str,
    version: &str,
) -> Result<String, ShellError> {
    // Try live subcommand tree first
    let cmd_opt = root_cmd
        .get_subcommands()
        .find(|c| c.get_name() == command_name);

    // Fall back to known built-ins (commands that may not be wired yet)
    if cmd_opt.is_none() && !KNOWN_BUILTINS.contains(&command_name) {
        return Err(ShellError::UnknownCommand(command_name.to_string()));
    }

    Ok(generate_man_page(command_name, cmd_opt, prog_name, version))
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Full program man page generation
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Escape a string for roff output.
fn roff_escape(s: &str) -> String {
    s.replace('\\', "\\\\")
        .replace('-', "\\-")
        .replace('\'', "\\(aq")
}

/// Pre-parse `--man` from raw argv. Returns true if present.
pub fn has_man_flag(args: &[String]) -> bool {
    args.iter().any(|a| a == "--man")
}

/// Build a complete roff man page for the entire CLI program.
///
/// Covers all registered commands including downstream business
/// commands. The `cmd` should be the fully-built root
/// `clap::Command`.
pub fn build_program_man_page(
    cmd: &clap::Command,
    prog_name: &str,
    version: &str,
    description: Option<&str>,
    docs_url: Option<&str>,
) -> String {
    let desc = description
        .map(|s| s.to_string())
        .or_else(|| cmd.get_about().map(|s| s.to_string()))
        .unwrap_or_else(|| "CLI".to_string());
    let upper = prog_name.to_uppercase();
    let mut s = Vec::new();

    s.push(format!(
        ".TH \"{upper}\" \"1\" \"\" \
         \"{prog_name} {version}\" \"{prog_name} Manual\""
    ));

    s.push(".SH NAME".to_string());
    s.push(format!("{prog_name} \\- {}", roff_escape(&desc)));

    s.push(".SH SYNOPSIS".to_string());
    s.push(format!(
        "\\fB{prog_name}\\fR [\\fIglobal\\-options\\fR] \
         \\fIcommand\\fR [\\fIcommand\\-options\\fR]"
    ));

    s.push(".SH DESCRIPTION".to_string());
    s.push(roff_escape(&desc));

    // Global options
    let global_args: Vec<_> = cmd
        .get_arguments()
        .filter(|a| !a.is_hide_set() && !matches!(a.get_id().as_str(), "help" | "version" | "man"))
        .collect();
    if !global_args.is_empty() {
        s.push(".SH GLOBAL OPTIONS".to_string());
        for arg in &global_args {
            if let Some(long) = arg.get_long() {
                s.push(".TP".to_string());
                s.push(format!("\\fB\\-\\-{}\\fR", roff_escape(long)));
                if let Some(help) = arg.get_help() {
                    s.push(roff_escape(&help.to_string()));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Commands
    let subcmds: Vec<_> = cmd
        .get_subcommands()
        .filter(|c| c.get_name() != "help")
        .collect();
    if !subcmds.is_empty() {
        s.push(".SH COMMANDS".to_string());
        for sub in &subcmds {
            let name = sub.get_name();
            let about = sub.get_about().map(|a| a.to_string()).unwrap_or_default();
            s.push(".TP".to_string());
            s.push(format!("\\fB{prog_name} {}\\fR", roff_escape(name)));
            if !about.is_empty() {
                s.push(roff_escape(&about));
            }

            // Command args
            for arg in sub.get_arguments() {
                if arg.is_hide_set() || arg.get_id().as_str() == "help" {
                    continue;
                }
                if let Some(long) = arg.get_long() {
                    s.push(".RS".to_string());
                    s.push(".TP".to_string());
                    s.push(format!("\\fB\\-\\-{}\\fR", roff_escape(long)));
                    if let Some(help) = arg.get_help() {
                        s.push(roff_escape(&help.to_string()));
                    }
                    s.push(".RE".to_string());
                }
            }

            // Nested subcommands
            for nested in sub.get_subcommands() {
                if nested.get_name() == "help" {
                    continue;
                }
                let nested_about = nested
                    .get_about()
                    .map(|a| a.to_string())
                    .unwrap_or_default();
                s.push(".TP".to_string());
                s.push(format!(
                    "\\fB{prog_name} {} {}\\fR",
                    roff_escape(name),
                    roff_escape(nested.get_name())
                ));
                if !nested_about.is_empty() {
                    s.push(roff_escape(&nested_about));
                }
                for arg in nested.get_arguments() {
                    if arg.is_hide_set() || arg.get_id().as_str() == "help" {
                        continue;
                    }
                    if let Some(long) = arg.get_long() {
                        s.push(".RS".to_string());
                        s.push(".TP".to_string());
                        s.push(format!("\\fB\\-\\-{}\\fR", roff_escape(long)));
                        if let Some(help) = arg.get_help() {
                            s.push(roff_escape(&help.to_string()));
                        }
                        s.push(".RE".to_string());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Environment
    s.push(".SH ENVIRONMENT".to_string());
    for (name, env_desc) in ENV_ENTRIES {
        s.push(".TP".to_string());
        s.push(format!("\\fB{name}\\fR"));
        s.push(env_desc.to_string());
    }

    // Exit codes
    s.push(".SH EXIT CODES".to_string());
    for (code, meaning) in EXIT_CODES {
        s.push(format!(".TP\n\\fB{code}\\fR\n{meaning}"));
    }

    s.push(".SH SEE ALSO".to_string());
    s.push(format!(
        "\\fB{prog_name} \\-\\-help \\-\\-verbose\\fR \
         for full option list."
    ));
    if let Some(url) = docs_url {
        s.push(format!(
            ".PP\nFull documentation at \\fI{}\\fR",
            roff_escape(url)
        ));
    }

    s.join("\n")
}

/// Format Unix epoch days as YYYY-MM-DD without external crates.
fn format_roff_date(days_since_epoch: u64) -> String {
    let mut remaining = days_since_epoch;
    let mut year = 1970u32;
    loop {
        let leap = year.is_multiple_of(4) && !year.is_multiple_of(100) || year.is_multiple_of(400);
        let days_in_year = if leap { 366 } else { 365 };
        if remaining < days_in_year {
            break;
        }
        remaining -= days_in_year;
        year += 1;
    }
    let leap = year.is_multiple_of(4) && !year.is_multiple_of(100) || year.is_multiple_of(400);
    let month_days = [
        31u64,
        if leap { 29 } else { 28 },
        31,
        30,
        31,
        30,
        31,
        31,
        30,
        31,
        30,
        31,
    ];
    let mut month = 1u32;
    for &d in &month_days {
        if remaining < d {
            break;
        }
        remaining -= d;
        month += 1;
    }
    let day = remaining + 1;
    format!("{year:04}-{month:02}-{day:02}")
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Unit tests
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    // --- Task 1: ShellError and KNOWN_BUILTINS ---

    #[test]
    fn test_shell_error_unknown_command_message() {
        let err = ShellError::UnknownCommand("bogus".to_string());
        assert_eq!(err.to_string(), "unknown command 'bogus'");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_known_builtins_contains_required_commands() {
        for cmd in &["exec", "list", "describe", "completion", "init", "man"] {
            assert!(
                KNOWN_BUILTINS.contains(cmd),
                "KNOWN_BUILTINS must contain '{cmd}'"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_known_builtins_has_expected_count() {
        assert_eq!(KNOWN_BUILTINS.len(), 6);
    }

    // --- Task 2: completion_command / cmd_completion ---

    fn make_test_cmd(prog: &str) -> clap::Command {
        clap::Command::new(prog.to_string())
            .about("test")
            .subcommand(clap::Command::new("exec"))
            .subcommand(clap::Command::new("list"))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_completion_bash_nonempty() {
        let mut cmd = make_test_cmd("apcore-cli");
        let output = cmd_completion(Shell::Bash, "apcore-cli", &mut cmd);
        assert!(
            !output.is_empty(),
            "bash completion output must not be empty"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_completion_zsh_nonempty() {
        let mut cmd = make_test_cmd("apcore-cli");
        let output = cmd_completion(Shell::Zsh, "apcore-cli", &mut cmd);
        assert!(
            !output.is_empty(),
            "zsh completion output must not be empty"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_completion_fish_nonempty() {
        let mut cmd = make_test_cmd("apcore-cli");
        let output = cmd_completion(Shell::Fish, "apcore-cli", &mut cmd);
        assert!(
            !output.is_empty(),
            "fish completion output must not be empty"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_completion_elvish_nonempty() {
        let mut cmd = make_test_cmd("apcore-cli");
        let output = cmd_completion(Shell::Elvish, "apcore-cli", &mut cmd);
        assert!(
            !output.is_empty(),
            "elvish completion output must not be empty"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_completion_bash_contains_prog_name() {
        let mut cmd = make_test_cmd("my-tool");
        let output = cmd_completion(Shell::Bash, "my-tool", &mut cmd);
        assert!(
            output.contains("my-tool") || output.contains("my_tool"),
            "bash completion must reference the program name"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_completion_command_has_shell_arg() {
        let cmd = completion_command();
        let arg = cmd.get_arguments().find(|a| a.get_id() == "shell");
        assert!(
            arg.is_some(),
            "completion_command must have a 'shell' argument"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_completion_command_name() {
        let cmd = completion_command();
        assert_eq!(cmd.get_name(), "completion");
    }

    // --- Task 3: build_synopsis / generate_man_page / cmd_man ---

    fn make_exec_cmd() -> clap::Command {
        clap::Command::new("exec")
            .about("Execute an apcore module")
            .arg(
                clap::Arg::new("module_id")
                    .value_name("MODULE_ID")
                    .required(true)
                    .help("Module ID to execute"),
            )
            .arg(
                clap::Arg::new("format")
                    .long("format")
                    .value_name("FORMAT")
                    .help("Output format")
                    .default_value("table"),
            )
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_build_synopsis_no_cmd() {
        let synopsis = build_synopsis(None, "apcore-cli", "exec");
        assert!(synopsis.contains("apcore-cli"));
        assert!(synopsis.contains("exec"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_build_synopsis_required_positional_no_brackets() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let synopsis = build_synopsis(Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "exec");
        assert!(synopsis.contains("MODULE_ID"), "synopsis: {synopsis}");
        assert!(
            !synopsis.contains("[\\fIMODULE_ID\\fR]"),
            "required arg must not have brackets"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_build_synopsis_optional_option_has_brackets() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let synopsis = build_synopsis(Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "exec");
        assert!(
            synopsis.contains('['),
            "optional option must be wrapped in brackets"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_th() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(page.contains(".TH"), "man page must have .TH header");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_sh_name() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(page.contains(".SH NAME"), "man page must have NAME section");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_sh_synopsis() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            page.contains(".SH SYNOPSIS"),
            "man page must have SYNOPSIS section"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_exit_codes() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            page.contains(".SH EXIT CODES"),
            "man page must have EXIT CODES section"
        );
        assert!(page.contains("\\fB0\\fR"), "must contain exit code 0");
        assert!(page.contains("\\fB44\\fR"), "must contain exit code 44");
        assert!(page.contains("\\fB130\\fR"), "must contain exit code 130");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_environment() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            page.contains(".SH ENVIRONMENT"),
            "man page must have ENVIRONMENT section"
        );
        assert!(page.contains("APCORE_EXTENSIONS_ROOT"));
        assert!(page.contains("APCORE_CLI_LOGGING_LEVEL"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_contains_see_also() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            page.contains(".SH SEE ALSO"),
            "man page must have SEE ALSO section"
        );
        assert!(page.contains("apcore-cli"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_th_includes_prog_and_version() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        let th_line = page.lines().find(|l| l.starts_with(".TH")).unwrap();
        assert!(
            th_line.contains("APCORE-CLI-EXEC"),
            "TH must contain uppercased title"
        );
        assert!(th_line.contains("0.2.0"), "TH must contain version");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_name_uses_description() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            page.contains("Execute an apcore module"),
            "NAME must use about text"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_man_page_no_description_section_when_no_long_help() {
        let cmd = make_exec_cmd();
        let page = generate_man_page("exec", Some(&cmd), "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(page.contains(".SH DESCRIPTION"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_man_known_builtin_returns_ok() {
        let root = clap::Command::new("apcore-cli").subcommand(make_exec_cmd());
        let result = cmd_man("list", &root, "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(result.is_ok(), "known builtin 'list' must return Ok");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_man_registered_subcommand_returns_ok() {
        let root = clap::Command::new("apcore-cli").subcommand(make_exec_cmd());
        let result = cmd_man("exec", &root, "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(
            result.is_ok(),
            "registered subcommand 'exec' must return Ok"
        );
        let page = result.unwrap();
        assert!(page.contains(".TH"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_man_unknown_command_returns_err() {
        let root = clap::Command::new("apcore-cli");
        let result = cmd_man("nonexistent", &root, "apcore-cli", "0.2.0");
        assert!(result.is_err());
        match result.unwrap_err() {
            ShellError::UnknownCommand(name) => assert_eq!(name, "nonexistent"),
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cmd_man_exec_contains_options_section() {
        let root = clap::Command::new("apcore-cli").subcommand(make_exec_cmd());
        let page = cmd_man("exec", &root, "apcore-cli", "0.2.0").unwrap();
        assert!(
            page.contains(".SH OPTIONS"),
            "exec man page must have OPTIONS section"
        );
    }

    // --- roff_escape ---

    #[test]
    fn test_roff_escape_backslash() {
        assert_eq!(roff_escape("a\\b"), "a\\\\b");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_roff_escape_hyphen() {
        assert_eq!(roff_escape("foo-bar"), "foo\\-bar");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_roff_escape_single_quote() {
        assert_eq!(roff_escape("it's"), "it\\(aqs");
    }

    // --- has_man_flag ---

    #[test]
    fn test_has_man_flag_present() {
        let args = vec!["--man".to_string()];
        assert!(has_man_flag(&args));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_man_flag_absent() {
        let args = vec!["--help".to_string()];
        assert!(!has_man_flag(&args));
    }

    // --- build_program_man_page ---

    #[test]
    fn test_build_program_man_page_basic() {
        let cmd = clap::Command::new("t")
            .about("Test")
            .subcommand(clap::Command::new("sub").about("A sub"));
        let roff = build_program_man_page(&cmd, "t", "0.1.0", None, None);
        assert!(roff.contains(".TH \"T\""));
        assert!(roff.contains(".SH COMMANDS"));
        assert!(roff.contains("sub"));
        assert!(roff.contains(".SH EXIT CODES"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_build_program_man_page_custom_description() {
        let cmd = clap::Command::new("t").about("Default");
        let roff = build_program_man_page(&cmd, "t", "0.1.0", Some("Custom"), None);
        assert!(roff.contains("Custom"));
    }

    // --- Task 4: register_shell_commands ---

    #[test]
    fn test_register_shell_commands_adds_completion() {
        let root = Command::new("apcore-cli");
        let cmd = register_shell_commands(root, "apcore-cli");
        let names: Vec<&str> = cmd.get_subcommands().map(|c| c.get_name()).collect();
        assert!(
            names.contains(&"completion"),
            "must have 'completion' subcommand, got {names:?}"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_register_shell_commands_adds_man() {
        let root = Command::new("apcore-cli");
        let cmd = register_shell_commands(root, "apcore-cli");
        let names: Vec<&str> = cmd.get_subcommands().map(|c| c.get_name()).collect();
        assert!(
            names.contains(&"man"),
            "must have 'man' subcommand, got {names:?}"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_completion_bash_outputs_script() {
        let cmd = completion_command();
        let positionals: Vec<&str> = cmd
            .get_positionals()
            .filter_map(|a| a.get_id().as_str().into())
            .collect();
        // The arg is named "shell" with value_name "SHELL"
        assert!(
            !positionals.is_empty() || cmd.get_arguments().any(|a| a.get_id() == "shell"),
            "completion must have shell arg, got {positionals:?}"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_completion_zsh_outputs_script() {
        let cmd = completion_command();
        let shell_arg = cmd
            .get_arguments()
            .find(|a| a.get_id() == "shell")
            .expect("shell argument must exist");
        let possible = shell_arg.get_possible_values();
        let values: Vec<&str> = possible.iter().map(|v| v.get_name()).collect();
        assert!(values.contains(&"zsh"), "zsh must be a valid SHELL value");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_completion_invalid_shell_exits_nonzero() {
        let cmd = completion_command();
        let shell_arg = cmd
            .get_arguments()
            .find(|a| a.get_id() == "shell")
            .expect("shell argument must exist");
        let possible = shell_arg.get_possible_values();
        let values: Vec<&str> = possible.iter().map(|v| v.get_name()).collect();
        assert!(
            !values.contains(&"invalid_shell"),
            "invalid_shell must not be accepted"
        );
    }
}