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use crate::config::ClientConfig;
use crate::config::DnsResolver;
use crate::config::DnsResolverExt;
use crate::config::Ipv6DualStackConfig;
use crate::config::ServerConfig;
use crate::connection::Connection;
use crate::driver::streams::session::StreamSession;
use crate::driver::streams::ProtoReadError;
use crate::driver::streams::ProtoWriteError;
use crate::driver::utils::varint_w2q;
use crate::driver::Driver;
use crate::error::ConnectingError;
use crate::error::ConnectionError;
use crate::VarInt;
use quinn::TokioRuntime;
use socket2::Domain as SocketDomain;
use socket2::Protocol as SocketProtocol;
use socket2::Socket;
use socket2::Type as SocketType;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::future::Future;
use std::marker::PhantomData;
use std::net::SocketAddr;
use std::net::SocketAddrV4;
use std::net::SocketAddrV6;
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::task::Context;
use std::task::Poll;
use tokio::sync::Mutex;
use tracing::debug;
use url::Host;
use url::Url;
use wtransport_proto::error::ErrorCode;
use wtransport_proto::frame::FrameKind;
use wtransport_proto::headers::Headers;
use wtransport_proto::session::ReservedHeader;
use wtransport_proto::session::SessionRequest as SessionRequestProto;
use wtransport_proto::session::SessionResponse as SessionResponseProto;
/// Helper structure for Endpoint types.
pub mod endpoint_side {
use super::*;
/// Type of endpoint accepting multiple WebTransport connections.
///
/// Use [`Endpoint::server`] to create and server-endpoint.
pub struct Server {
pub(super) _marker: PhantomData<()>,
}
/// Type of endpoint opening a WebTransport connection.
///
/// Use [`Endpoint::client`] to create and client-endpoint.
pub struct Client {
pub(super) dns_resolver: Mutex<Box<dyn DnsResolver + Send + Sync + Unpin>>,
}
}
/// Entrypoint for creating client or server connections.
///
/// A single endpoint can be used to accept or connect multiple connections.
/// Each endpoint internally binds an UDP socket.
///
/// # Server
/// Use [`Endpoint::server`] for creating a server-side endpoint.
/// Afterwards use the method [`Endpoint::accept`] for awaiting on incoming session request.
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// # use wtransport::ServerConfig;
/// # use wtransport::Identity;
/// use wtransport::Endpoint;
///
/// # async fn run() -> Result<()> {
/// # let config = ServerConfig::builder()
/// # .with_bind_default(4433)
/// # .with_identity(&Identity::self_signed(["doc"]).unwrap())
/// # .build();
/// let server = Endpoint::server(config)?;
/// loop {
/// let incoming_session = server.accept().await;
/// // Spawn task that handles client incoming session...
/// }
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// # Client
/// Use [`Endpoint::client`] for creating a client-side endpoint and use [`Endpoint::connect`]
/// to connect to a server specifying the URL.
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// use wtransport::ClientConfig;
/// use wtransport::Endpoint;
///
/// # async fn run() -> Result<()> {
/// let connection = Endpoint::client(ClientConfig::default())?
/// .connect("https://localhost:4433")
/// .await?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub struct Endpoint<Side> {
endpoint: quinn::Endpoint,
side: Side,
}
impl<Side> Endpoint<Side> {
fn bind_socket(
bind_address: SocketAddr,
dual_stack_config: Ipv6DualStackConfig,
) -> std::io::Result<Socket> {
let domain = match bind_address {
SocketAddr::V4(_) => SocketDomain::IPV4,
SocketAddr::V6(_) => SocketDomain::IPV6,
};
let socket = Socket::new(domain, SocketType::DGRAM, Some(SocketProtocol::UDP))?;
match dual_stack_config {
Ipv6DualStackConfig::OsDefault => {}
Ipv6DualStackConfig::Deny => socket.set_only_v6(true)?,
Ipv6DualStackConfig::Allow => socket.set_only_v6(false)?,
}
socket.bind(&bind_address.into())?;
Ok(socket)
}
/// Closes all of this endpoint's connections immediately and cease accepting new connections.
pub fn close(&self, error_code: VarInt, reason: &[u8]) {
self.endpoint.close(varint_w2q(error_code), reason);
}
/// Waits for all connections on the endpoint to be cleanly shut down.
pub async fn wait_idle(&self) {
self.endpoint.wait_idle().await;
}
/// Gets the local [`SocketAddr`] the underlying socket is bound to.
pub fn local_addr(&self) -> std::io::Result<SocketAddr> {
self.endpoint.local_addr()
}
}
impl Endpoint<endpoint_side::Server> {
/// Constructs a *server* endpoint.
pub fn server(server_config: ServerConfig) -> std::io::Result<Self> {
let quic_config = server_config.quic_config;
let socket =
Self::bind_socket(server_config.bind_address, server_config.dual_stack_config)?;
let runtime = Arc::new(TokioRuntime);
let endpoint = quinn::Endpoint::new(
quinn::EndpointConfig::default(),
Some(quic_config),
socket.into(),
runtime,
)?;
Ok(Self {
endpoint,
side: endpoint_side::Server {
_marker: PhantomData,
},
})
}
/// Get the next incoming connection attempt from a client.
pub async fn accept(&self) -> IncomingSession {
let quic_connecting = self
.endpoint
.accept()
.await
.expect("Endpoint cannot be closed");
debug!("New incoming QUIC connection");
IncomingSession::new(quic_connecting)
}
/// Reloads the server configuration.
///
/// Useful for e.g. refreshing TLS certificates without disrupting existing connections.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `server_config` - The new configuration for the server.
/// * `rebind` - A boolean indicating whether the server should rebind its socket.
/// If `true`, the server will bind to a new socket with the provided configuration.
/// If `false`, the bind address configuration will be ignored.
pub fn reload_config(&self, server_config: ServerConfig, rebind: bool) -> std::io::Result<()> {
if rebind {
let socket =
Self::bind_socket(server_config.bind_address, server_config.dual_stack_config)?;
self.endpoint.rebind(socket.into())?;
}
let quic_config = server_config.quic_config;
self.endpoint.set_server_config(Some(quic_config));
Ok(())
}
/// Rejects new incoming connections without affecting existing connections
pub fn reject_new_connections(&self) {
self.endpoint.reject_new_connections();
}
}
impl Endpoint<endpoint_side::Client> {
/// Constructs a *client* endpoint.
pub fn client(client_config: ClientConfig) -> std::io::Result<Self> {
let quic_config = client_config.quic_config;
let socket =
Self::bind_socket(client_config.bind_address, client_config.dual_stack_config)?;
let runtime = Arc::new(TokioRuntime);
let mut endpoint = quinn::Endpoint::new(
quinn::EndpointConfig::default(),
None,
socket.into(),
runtime,
)?;
endpoint.set_default_client_config(quic_config);
Ok(Self {
endpoint,
side: endpoint_side::Client {
dns_resolver: Mutex::new(client_config.dns_resolver),
},
})
}
/// Establishes a WebTransport connection to a specified URL.
///
/// This method initiates a WebTransport connection to the specified URL.
/// It validates the URL, and performs necessary steps to establish a secure connection.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `options` - Connection options specifying the URL and additional headers.
/// It can be simply an [URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL) string representing
/// the WebTransport endpoint to connect to. It must have an `https` scheme.
/// The URL can specify either an IP address or a hostname.
/// When specifying a hostname, the method will internally perform DNS resolution,
/// configured with
/// [`ClientConfigBuilder::dns_resolver`](crate::config::ClientConfigBuilder::dns_resolver).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Connect using a URL with a hostname (DNS resolution is performed):
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::endpoint_side::Client;
/// # async fn example(endpoint: wtransport::Endpoint<Client>) -> Result<()> {
/// let url = "https://example.com:4433/webtransport";
/// let connection = endpoint.connect(url).await?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// Connect using a URL with an IP address:
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::endpoint_side::Client;
/// # async fn example(endpoint: wtransport::Endpoint<Client>) -> Result<()> {
/// let url = "https://127.0.0.1:4343/webtransport";
/// let connection = endpoint.connect(url).await?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// Connect adding an additional header:
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::endpoint_side::Client;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::ConnectOptions;
/// # async fn example(endpoint: wtransport::Endpoint<Client>) -> Result<()> {
/// let options = ConnectOptions::builder("https://example.com:4433/webtransport")
/// .add_header("Authorization", "AuthToken")
/// .build();
/// let connection = endpoint.connect(options).await?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub async fn connect<O>(&self, options: O) -> Result<Connection, ConnectingError>
where
O: IntoConnectOptions,
{
let options = options.into_options();
let url = Url::parse(&options.url)
.map_err(|parse_error| ConnectingError::InvalidUrl(parse_error.to_string()))?;
if url.scheme() != "https" {
return Err(ConnectingError::InvalidUrl(
"WebTransport URL scheme must be 'https'".to_string(),
));
}
let host = url.host().expect("https scheme must have an host");
let port = url.port().unwrap_or(443);
let (socket_address, server_name) = match host {
Host::Domain(domain) => {
let socket_address = self
.side
.dns_resolver
.lock()
.await
.resolve(&format!("{domain}:{port}"))
.await
.map_err(ConnectingError::DnsLookup)?
.ok_or(ConnectingError::DnsNotFound)?;
(socket_address, domain.to_string())
}
Host::Ipv4(address) => {
let socket_address = SocketAddr::V4(SocketAddrV4::new(address, port));
(socket_address, address.to_string())
}
Host::Ipv6(address) => {
let socket_address = SocketAddr::V6(SocketAddrV6::new(address, port, 0, 0));
(socket_address, address.to_string())
}
};
let quic_connection = self
.endpoint
.connect(socket_address, &server_name)
.map_err(ConnectingError::with_connect_error)?
.await
.map_err(|connection_error| {
ConnectingError::ConnectionError(connection_error.into())
})?;
let driver = Driver::init(quic_connection.clone());
let _settings = driver.accept_settings().await.map_err(|driver_error| {
ConnectingError::ConnectionError(ConnectionError::with_driver_error(
driver_error,
&quic_connection,
))
})?;
// TODO(biagio): validate settings
let mut session_request_proto =
SessionRequestProto::new(url.as_ref()).expect("Url has been already validate");
for (k, v) in options.additional_headers {
session_request_proto
.insert(k.clone(), v)
.map_err(|ReservedHeader| ConnectingError::ReservedHeader(k))?;
}
let mut stream_session = match driver.open_session(session_request_proto).await {
Ok(stream_session) => stream_session,
Err(driver_error) => {
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::with_driver_error(driver_error, &quic_connection),
))
}
};
let session_id = stream_session.session_id();
match stream_session
.write_frame(stream_session.request().headers().generate_frame())
.await
{
Ok(()) => {}
Err(ProtoWriteError::Stopped) => {
return Err(ConnectingError::SessionRejected);
}
Err(ProtoWriteError::NotConnected) => {
return Err(ConnectingError::with_no_connection(&quic_connection));
}
}
let frame = loop {
let frame = match stream_session.read_frame().await {
Ok(frame) => frame,
Err(ProtoReadError::H3(error_code)) => {
quic_connection.close(varint_w2q(error_code.to_code()), b"");
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::local_h3_error(error_code),
));
}
Err(ProtoReadError::IO(_io_error)) => {
return Err(ConnectingError::with_no_connection(&quic_connection));
}
};
if let FrameKind::Exercise(_) = frame.kind() {
continue;
}
break frame;
};
if !matches!(frame.kind(), FrameKind::Headers) {
quic_connection.close(varint_w2q(ErrorCode::FrameUnexpected.to_code()), b"");
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::local_h3_error(ErrorCode::FrameUnexpected),
));
}
let headers = match Headers::with_frame(&frame) {
Ok(headers) => headers,
Err(error_code) => {
quic_connection.close(varint_w2q(error_code.to_code()), b"");
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::local_h3_error(error_code),
));
}
};
let session_response = match SessionResponseProto::try_from(headers) {
Ok(session_response) => session_response,
Err(_) => {
quic_connection.close(varint_w2q(ErrorCode::Message.to_code()), b"");
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::local_h3_error(ErrorCode::Message),
));
}
};
if session_response.code().is_successful() {
match driver.register_session(stream_session).await {
Ok(()) => {}
Err(driver_error) => {
return Err(ConnectingError::ConnectionError(
ConnectionError::with_driver_error(driver_error, &quic_connection),
))
}
}
} else {
return Err(ConnectingError::SessionRejected);
}
Ok(Connection::new(quic_connection, driver, session_id))
}
}
/// Options for establishing a client WebTransport connection.
///
/// Used in [`Endpoint::connect`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// # use anyhow::Result;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::endpoint_side::Client;
/// # use wtransport::endpoint::ConnectOptions;
/// # async fn example(endpoint: wtransport::Endpoint<Client>) -> Result<()> {
/// let options = ConnectOptions::builder("https://example.com:4433/webtransport")
/// .add_header("Authorization", "AuthToken")
/// .build();
/// let connection = endpoint.connect(options).await?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub struct ConnectOptions {
url: String,
additional_headers: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl ConnectOptions {
/// Creates a new `ConnectOptions` using a builder pattern.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `url` - A [URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL) string representing the WebTransport
/// endpoint to connect to. It must have an `https` scheme.
/// The URL can specify either an IP address or a hostname.
/// When specifying a hostname, the method will internally perform DNS resolution,
/// configured with
/// [`ClientConfigBuilder::dns_resolver`](crate::config::ClientConfigBuilder::dns_resolver).
pub fn builder<S>(url: S) -> ConnectRequestBuilder
where
S: ToString,
{
ConnectRequestBuilder {
url: url.to_string(),
additional_headers: Default::default(),
}
}
}
/// A trait for converting types into `ConnectOptions`.
pub trait IntoConnectOptions {
/// Perform value-to-value conversion into [`ConnectOptions`].
fn into_options(self) -> ConnectOptions;
}
/// A builder for [`ConnectOptions`].
///
/// See [`ConnectOptions::builder`].
pub struct ConnectRequestBuilder {
url: String,
additional_headers: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl ConnectRequestBuilder {
/// Adds a header to the connection options.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use wtransport::endpoint::ConnectOptions;
///
/// let options = ConnectOptions::builder("https://example.com:4433/webtransport")
/// .add_header("Authorization", "AuthToken")
/// .build();
/// ```
pub fn add_header<K, V>(mut self, key: K, value: V) -> Self
where
K: ToString,
V: ToString,
{
self.additional_headers
.insert(key.to_string(), value.to_string());
self
}
/// Constructs the [`ConnectOptions`] from the builder configuration.
pub fn build(self) -> ConnectOptions {
ConnectOptions {
url: self.url,
additional_headers: self.additional_headers,
}
}
}
impl IntoConnectOptions for ConnectRequestBuilder {
fn into_options(self) -> ConnectOptions {
self.build()
}
}
impl IntoConnectOptions for ConnectOptions {
fn into_options(self) -> ConnectOptions {
self
}
}
impl<S> IntoConnectOptions for S
where
S: ToString,
{
fn into_options(self) -> ConnectOptions {
ConnectOptions::builder(self).build()
}
}
type DynFutureIncomingSession =
dyn Future<Output = Result<SessionRequest, ConnectionError>> + Send + Sync;
/// [`Future`] for an in-progress incoming connection attempt.
///
/// Created by [`Endpoint::accept`].
pub struct IncomingSession(Pin<Box<DynFutureIncomingSession>>);
impl IncomingSession {
fn new(quic_connecting: quinn::Connecting) -> Self {
Self(Box::pin(Self::accept(quic_connecting)))
}
async fn accept(quic_connecting: quinn::Connecting) -> Result<SessionRequest, ConnectionError> {
let quic_connection = quic_connecting.await?;
let driver = Driver::init(quic_connection.clone());
let _settings = driver.accept_settings().await.map_err(|driver_error| {
ConnectionError::with_driver_error(driver_error, &quic_connection)
})?;
// TODO(biagio): validate settings
let stream_session = driver.accept_session().await.map_err(|driver_error| {
ConnectionError::with_driver_error(driver_error, &quic_connection)
})?;
Ok(SessionRequest::new(quic_connection, driver, stream_session))
}
}
impl Future for IncomingSession {
type Output = Result<SessionRequest, ConnectionError>;
fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
Future::poll(self.0.as_mut(), cx)
}
}
/// A incoming client session request.
///
/// Server should use methods [`accept`](Self::accept), [`forbidden`](Self::forbidden),
/// or [`not_found`](Self::not_found) in order to validate or reject the client request.
pub struct SessionRequest {
quic_connection: quinn::Connection,
driver: Driver,
stream_session: StreamSession,
}
impl SessionRequest {
pub(crate) fn new(
quic_connection: quinn::Connection,
driver: Driver,
stream_session: StreamSession,
) -> Self {
Self {
quic_connection,
driver,
stream_session,
}
}
/// Returns the peer's UDP address.
///
/// **Note**: as QUIC supports migration, remote address may change
/// during connection. Furthermore, when IPv6 support is enabled, IPv4
/// addresses may be mapped to IPv6.
#[inline(always)]
pub fn remote_address(&self) -> SocketAddr {
self.quic_connection.remote_address()
}
/// Returns the `:authority` field of the request.
pub fn authority(&self) -> &str {
self.stream_session.request().authority()
}
/// Returns the `:path` field of the request.
pub fn path(&self) -> &str {
self.stream_session.request().path()
}
/// Returns the `origin` field of the request if present.
pub fn origin(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.stream_session.request().origin()
}
/// Returns the `user-agent` field of the request if present.
pub fn user_agent(&self) -> Option<&str> {
self.stream_session.request().user_agent()
}
/// Returns all header fields associated with the request.
pub fn headers(&self) -> &HashMap<String, String> {
self.stream_session.request().headers().as_ref()
}
/// Accepts the client request and it establishes the WebTransport session.
pub async fn accept(mut self) -> Result<Connection, ConnectionError> {
let user_agent = self.user_agent().unwrap_or_default();
let mut response = SessionResponseProto::ok();
// Chrome support
if !user_agent.contains("firefox") {
response.add("sec-webtransport-http3-draft", "draft02");
}
self.send_response(response).await?;
let session_id = self.stream_session.session_id();
self.driver
.register_session(self.stream_session)
.await
.map_err(|driver_error| {
ConnectionError::with_driver_error(driver_error, &self.quic_connection)
})?;
Ok(Connection::new(
self.quic_connection,
self.driver,
session_id,
))
}
/// Rejects the client request by replying with `403` status code.
pub async fn forbidden(self) {
self.reject(SessionResponseProto::forbidden()).await;
}
/// Rejects the client request by replying with `404` status code.
pub async fn not_found(self) {
self.reject(SessionResponseProto::not_found()).await;
}
/// Rejects the client request by replying with `429` status code.
pub async fn too_many_requests(self) {
self.reject(SessionResponseProto::too_many_requests()).await;
}
async fn reject(mut self, mut response: SessionResponseProto) {
let user_agent = self.user_agent().unwrap_or_default();
// Chrome support
if !user_agent.contains("firefox") {
response.add("sec-webtransport-http3-draft", "draft02");
}
let _ = self.send_response(response).await;
self.stream_session.finish().await;
}
async fn send_response(
&mut self,
response: SessionResponseProto,
) -> Result<(), ConnectionError> {
let frame = response.headers().generate_frame();
match self.stream_session.write_frame(frame).await {
Ok(()) => Ok(()),
Err(ProtoWriteError::NotConnected) => {
Err(ConnectionError::no_connect(&self.quic_connection))
}
Err(ProtoWriteError::Stopped) => {
self.quic_connection
.close(varint_w2q(ErrorCode::ClosedCriticalStream.to_code()), b"");
Err(ConnectionError::local_h3_error(
ErrorCode::ClosedCriticalStream,
))
}
}
}
}