1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
use crate::traits::*;

#[derive(Default)]
pub struct TableData {
    pub data: u32,
    pub row_count: u32,
    pub row_size: u32,
    pub columns: [(u32, u32); 6],
}

/// A Windows Metadata File
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct File {
    /// The files raw bytes
    pub(crate) bytes: Vec<u8>,
    /// The index of the strings data
    pub(crate) strings: u32,
    /// The index of the blobs data
    pub(crate) blobs: u32,
    /// The table data
    pub(crate) tables: [TableData; 13],
}

/// A well-known index of data into the winmd tables array
#[repr(u16)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Debug, PartialOrd, Ord)]
pub enum TableIndex {
    Constant = 0,
    CustomAttribute,
    Field,
    GenericParam,
    InterfaceImpl,
    MemberRef,
    MethodDef,
    Param,
    TypeDef,
    TypeRef,
    TypeSpec,
    ImplMap,
    ModuleRef,
}

impl TableData {
    fn index_size(&self) -> u32 {
        if self.row_count < (1 << 16) {
            2
        } else {
            4
        }
    }

    fn set_columns(&mut self, a: u32, b: u32, c: u32, d: u32, e: u32, f: u32) {
        self.row_size = a + b + c + d + e + f;
        self.columns[0] = (0, a);
        if b != 0 {
            self.columns[1] = ((a), b);
        }
        if c != 0 {
            self.columns[2] = ((a + b), c);
        }
        if d != 0 {
            self.columns[3] = ((a + b + c), d);
        }
        if e != 0 {
            self.columns[4] = ((a + b + c + d), e);
        }
        if f != 0 {
            self.columns[5] = ((a + b + c + d + e), f);
        }
    }

    fn set_data(&mut self, data: &mut u32) {
        if self.row_count != 0 {
            let next = *data + self.row_count * self.row_size;
            self.data = *data;
            *data = next;
        }
    }
}

impl File {
    pub(crate) fn from_bytes(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
        let mut file = Self {
            bytes,
            ..Default::default()
        };

        let dos = file.bytes.view_as::<ImageDosHeader>(0);

        if dos.signature != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE {
            panic!("Invalid file: file does not appear to be a winmd file");
        }

        let pe = file.bytes.view_as::<ImageNtHeader>(dos.lfanew as u32);

        let (com_virtual_address, sections) = match pe.optional_header.magic {
            MAGIC_PE32 => (
                pe.optional_header.data_directory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR as usize]
                    .virtual_address,
                file.bytes.view_as_slice_of::<ImageSectionHeader>(
                    dos.lfanew as u32 + sizeof::<ImageNtHeader>(),
                    pe.file_header.number_of_sections as u32,
                ),
            ),
            MAGIC_PE32PLUS => (
                file.bytes
                    .view_as::<ImageNtHeaderPlus>(dos.lfanew as u32)
                    .optional_header
                    .data_directory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR as usize]
                    .virtual_address,
                file.bytes.view_as_slice_of::<ImageSectionHeader>(
                    dos.lfanew as u32 + sizeof::<ImageNtHeaderPlus>(),
                    pe.file_header.number_of_sections as u32,
                ),
            ),
            _ => panic!("Invalid file: invalid magic"),
        };

        let cli = file.bytes.view_as::<ImageCorHeader>(offset_from_rva(
            section_from_rva(sections, com_virtual_address),
            com_virtual_address,
        ));

        if cli.cb != sizeof::<ImageCorHeader>() {
            panic!("Invalid file: invalid ImageCorHeader");
        }

        let cli_offset = offset_from_rva(
            section_from_rva(sections, cli.meta_data.virtual_address),
            cli.meta_data.virtual_address,
        );

        if file.bytes.copy_as::<u32>(cli_offset) != STORAGE_MAGIC_SIG {
            panic!("Invalid file: invalid STORAGE_MAGIC_SIG");
        }

        let version_length = file.bytes.copy_as::<u32>(cli_offset + 12);
        let mut view = cli_offset + version_length + 20;
        let mut tables_data: (u32, u32) = (0, 0);

        for _ in 0..file.bytes.copy_as::<u16>(cli_offset + version_length + 18) {
            let stream_offset = file.bytes.copy_as::<u32>(view);
            let stream_size = file.bytes.copy_as::<u32>(view + 4);
            let stream_name = file.bytes.view_as_str(view + 8);
            match stream_name {
                b"#Strings" => file.strings = cli_offset + stream_offset,
                b"#Blob" => file.blobs = cli_offset + stream_offset,
                b"#~" => tables_data = (cli_offset + stream_offset, stream_size),
                b"#GUID" => {}
                b"#US" => {}
                _ => panic!("Invalid file: invalid stream name"),
            }
            let mut padding = 4 - stream_name.len() % 4;
            if padding == 0 {
                padding = 4;
            }
            view += (8 + stream_name.len() + padding) as u32;
        }

        let heap_sizes = file.bytes.copy_as::<u8>(tables_data.0 + 6);
        let string_index_size = if (heap_sizes & 1) == 1 { 4 } else { 2 };
        let guid_index_size = if (heap_sizes >> 1 & 1) == 1 { 4 } else { 2 };
        let blob_index_size = if (heap_sizes >> 2 & 1) == 1 { 4 } else { 2 };
        let valid_bits = file.bytes.copy_as::<u64>(tables_data.0 + 8);
        view = tables_data.0 + 24;

        // These tables are unused by WinRT, but needed temporarily to calculate sizes and offsets for subsequent tables.
        let unused_empty = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly_os = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly_processor = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly_ref = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly_ref_os = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_assembly_ref_processor = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_class_layout = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_decl_security = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_event = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_event_map = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_exported_type = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_field_layout = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_field_marshal = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_field_rva = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_file = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_generic_param_constraint = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_manifest_resource = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_method_impl = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_method_semantics = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_method_spec = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_module = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_nested_class = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_property = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_property_map = TableData::default();
        let mut unused_standalone_sig = TableData::default();

        for i in 0..64 {
            if (valid_bits >> i & 1) == 0 {
                continue;
            }

            let row_count = file.bytes.copy_as::<u32>(view);
            view += 4;

            match i {
                0x00 => unused_module.row_count = row_count,
                0x01 => file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x02 => file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x04 => file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x06 => file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x08 => file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x09 => file.tables[TableIndex::InterfaceImpl as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x0a => file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x0b => file.tables[TableIndex::Constant as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x0c => file.tables[TableIndex::CustomAttribute as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x0d => unused_field_marshal.row_count = row_count,
                0x0e => unused_decl_security.row_count = row_count,
                0x0f => unused_class_layout.row_count = row_count,
                0x10 => unused_field_layout.row_count = row_count,
                0x11 => unused_standalone_sig.row_count = row_count,
                0x12 => unused_event_map.row_count = row_count,
                0x14 => unused_event.row_count = row_count,
                0x15 => unused_property_map.row_count = row_count,
                0x17 => unused_property.row_count = row_count,
                0x18 => unused_method_semantics.row_count = row_count,
                0x19 => unused_method_impl.row_count = row_count,
                0x1a => file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x1b => file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x1c => file.tables[TableIndex::ImplMap as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x1d => unused_field_rva.row_count = row_count,
                0x20 => unused_assembly.row_count = row_count,
                0x21 => unused_assembly_processor.row_count = row_count,
                0x22 => unused_assembly_os.row_count = row_count,
                0x23 => unused_assembly_ref.row_count = row_count,
                0x24 => unused_assembly_ref_processor.row_count = row_count,
                0x25 => unused_assembly_ref_os.row_count = row_count,
                0x26 => unused_file.row_count = row_count,
                0x27 => unused_exported_type.row_count = row_count,
                0x28 => unused_manifest_resource.row_count = row_count,
                0x29 => unused_nested_class.row_count = row_count,
                0x2a => file.tables[TableIndex::GenericParam as usize].row_count = row_count,
                0x2b => unused_method_spec.row_count = row_count,
                0x2c => unused_generic_param_constraint.row_count = row_count,
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
        }

        let type_def_or_ref = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize],
        ]);

        let has_constant = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize],
            &unused_property,
        ]);

        let has_custom_attribute = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::InterfaceImpl as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize],
            &unused_module,
            &unused_property,
            &unused_event,
            &unused_standalone_sig,
            &file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize],
            &unused_assembly,
            &unused_assembly_ref,
            &unused_file,
            &unused_exported_type,
            &unused_manifest_resource,
            &file.tables[TableIndex::GenericParam as usize],
            &unused_generic_param_constraint,
            &unused_method_spec,
        ]);

        let has_field_marshal = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize],
        ]);

        let has_decl_security = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
            &unused_assembly,
        ]);

        let member_ref_parent = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize],
        ]);

        let has_semantics = composite_index_size(&[&unused_event, &unused_property]);

        let method_def_or_ref = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize],
        ]);

        let member_forwarded = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
        ]);

        let implementation =
            composite_index_size(&[&unused_file, &unused_assembly_ref, &unused_exported_type]);

        let custom_attribute_type = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize],
            &unused_empty,
            &unused_empty,
            &unused_empty,
        ]);

        let resolution_scope = composite_index_size(&[
            &unused_module,
            &file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize],
            &unused_assembly_ref,
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize],
        ]);

        let type_or_method_def = composite_index_size(&[
            &file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize],
            &file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize],
        ]);

        unused_assembly.set_columns(
            4,
            8,
            4,
            blob_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            string_index_size,
        );
        unused_assembly_os.set_columns(4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_assembly_processor.set_columns(4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_assembly_ref.set_columns(
            8,
            4,
            blob_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            blob_index_size,
        );
        unused_assembly_ref_os.set_columns(4, 4, 4, unused_assembly_ref.index_size(), 0, 0);
        unused_assembly_ref_processor.set_columns(4, unused_assembly_ref.index_size(), 0, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_class_layout.set_columns(
            2,
            4,
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::Constant as usize].set_columns(
            2,
            has_constant,
            blob_index_size,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::CustomAttribute as usize].set_columns(
            has_custom_attribute,
            custom_attribute_type,
            blob_index_size,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_decl_security.set_columns(2, has_decl_security, blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_event_map.set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            unused_event.index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_event.set_columns(2, string_index_size, type_def_or_ref, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_exported_type.set_columns(
            4,
            4,
            string_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            implementation,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].set_columns(
            2,
            string_index_size,
            blob_index_size,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_field_layout.set_columns(
            4,
            file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_field_marshal.set_columns(has_field_marshal, blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_field_rva.set_columns(
            4,
            file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_file.set_columns(4, string_index_size, blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0);
        file.tables[TableIndex::GenericParam as usize].set_columns(
            2,
            2,
            type_or_method_def,
            string_index_size,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_generic_param_constraint.set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::GenericParam as usize].index_size(),
            type_def_or_ref,
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::ImplMap as usize].set_columns(
            2,
            member_forwarded,
            string_index_size,
            file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize].index_size(),
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::InterfaceImpl as usize].set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            type_def_or_ref,
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_manifest_resource.set_columns(4, 4, string_index_size, implementation, 0, 0);
        file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize].set_columns(
            member_ref_parent,
            string_index_size,
            blob_index_size,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize].set_columns(
            4,
            2,
            2,
            string_index_size,
            blob_index_size,
            file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize].index_size(),
        );
        unused_method_impl.set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            method_def_or_ref,
            method_def_or_ref,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_method_semantics.set_columns(
            2,
            file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize].index_size(),
            has_semantics,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_method_spec.set_columns(method_def_or_ref, blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_module.set_columns(
            2,
            string_index_size,
            guid_index_size,
            guid_index_size,
            guid_index_size,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize].set_columns(string_index_size, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_nested_class.set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize].set_columns(2, 2, string_index_size, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_property.set_columns(2, string_index_size, blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0);
        unused_property_map.set_columns(
            file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].index_size(),
            unused_property.index_size(),
            0,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        unused_standalone_sig.set_columns(blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].set_columns(
            4,
            string_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            type_def_or_ref,
            file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].index_size(),
            file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize].index_size(),
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize].set_columns(
            resolution_scope,
            string_index_size,
            string_index_size,
            0,
            0,
            0,
        );
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize].set_columns(blob_index_size, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);

        unused_module.set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeRef as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::Field as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::MethodDef as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::Param as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::InterfaceImpl as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::MemberRef as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::Constant as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::CustomAttribute as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        unused_field_marshal.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_decl_security.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_class_layout.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_field_layout.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_standalone_sig.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_event_map.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_event.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_property_map.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_property.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_method_semantics.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_method_impl.set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::ModuleRef as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::TypeSpec as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::ImplMap as usize].set_data(&mut view);
        unused_field_rva.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly_processor.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly_os.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly_ref.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly_ref_processor.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_assembly_ref_os.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_file.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_exported_type.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_manifest_resource.set_data(&mut view);
        unused_nested_class.set_data(&mut view);
        file.tables[TableIndex::GenericParam as usize].set_data(&mut view);

        file
    }

    pub(crate) fn new<P: AsRef<std::path::Path>>(filename: P) -> Self {
        let bytes = std::fs::read(filename.as_ref())
            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Could not read file {:?}: {:?}", filename.as_ref(), e));

        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
    }

    pub(crate) fn type_def_table(&self) -> &TableData {
        &self.tables[TableIndex::TypeDef as usize]
    }
}

fn section_from_rva(sections: &[ImageSectionHeader], rva: u32) -> &ImageSectionHeader {
    sections
        .iter()
        .find(|&s| {
            rva >= s.virtual_address && rva < s.virtual_address + s.physical_address_or_virtual_size
        })
        .expect("Invalid file")
}

fn offset_from_rva(section: &ImageSectionHeader, rva: u32) -> u32 {
    rva - section.virtual_address + section.pointer_to_raw_data
}

fn sizeof<T>() -> u32 {
    std::mem::size_of::<T>() as u32
}

fn composite_index_size(tables: &[&TableData]) -> u32 {
    fn small(row_count: u32, bits: u8) -> bool {
        (row_count as u64) < (1u64 << (16 - bits))
    }

    fn bits_needed(value: usize) -> u8 {
        let mut value = value - 1;
        let mut bits: u8 = 1;
        loop {
            value >>= 1;
            if value == 0 {
                break;
            }
            bits += 1;
        }
        bits
    }

    let bits_needed = bits_needed(tables.len());

    if tables
        .iter()
        .all(|table| small(table.row_count, bits_needed))
    {
        2
    } else {
        4
    }
}

macro_rules! assert_proper_length {
    ($self:expr, $t:ty, $cli_offset:expr, $size:expr) => {
        let enough_room = $cli_offset + $size <= $self.len() as u32;
        assert!(
            enough_room,
            "Invalid file: not enough bytes at offset {} to represent T",
            $cli_offset
        );
    };
}

macro_rules! assert_proper_length_and_alignment {
    ($self:expr, $t:ty, $cli_offset:expr, $size:expr) => {{
        assert_proper_length!($self, $t, $cli_offset, $size);

        let ptr = &$self[$cli_offset as usize] as *const u8 as *const $t;

        let properly_aligned = ptr.align_offset(std::mem::align_of::<$t>()) == 0;

        assert!(
            properly_aligned,
            "Invalid file: offset {} is not properly aligned to T",
            $cli_offset
        );
        ptr
    }};
}

impl View for [u8] {
    fn view_as<T: Pod>(&self, cli_offset: u32) -> &T {
        let ptr = assert_proper_length_and_alignment!(self, T, cli_offset, sizeof::<T>());

        unsafe { &*ptr }
    }

    fn view_as_slice_of<T: Pod>(&self, cli_offset: u32, len: u32) -> &[T] {
        let ptr = assert_proper_length_and_alignment!(self, T, cli_offset, sizeof::<T>() * len);

        unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, len as usize) }
    }

    fn copy_as<T: CopyPod>(&self, cli_offset: u32) -> T {
        assert_proper_length!(self, T, cli_offset, sizeof::<T>());

        unsafe {
            let mut data = std::mem::MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init();

            std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
                self[cli_offset as usize..].as_ptr(),
                &mut data as *mut T as *mut u8,
                std::mem::size_of::<T>(),
            );

            data
        }
    }

    fn view_as_str(&self, cli_offset: u32) -> &[u8] {
        let buffer = &self[cli_offset as usize..];
        let index = buffer
            .iter()
            .position(|c| *c == b'\0')
            .expect("Invalid file");
        &self[cli_offset as usize..cli_offset as usize + index]
    }
}

const IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE: u16 = 0x5A4D;
const MAGIC_PE32: u16 = 0x10B;
const MAGIC_PE32PLUS: u16 = 0x20B;
const IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR: u32 = 14;
const STORAGE_MAGIC_SIG: u32 = 0x424A_5342;

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageDosHeader {
    signature: u16,
    cblp: u16,
    cp: u16,
    crlc: u16,
    cparhdr: u16,
    minalloc: u16,
    maxalloc: u16,
    ss: u16,
    sp: u16,
    csum: u16,
    ip: u16,
    cs: u16,
    lfarlc: u16,
    ovno: u16,
    res: [u16; 4],
    oemid: u16,
    oeminfo: u16,
    res2: [u16; 10],
    lfanew: i32,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageDosHeader {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageFileHeader {
    machine: u16,
    number_of_sections: u16,
    time_date_stamp: u32,
    pointer_to_symbol_table: u32,
    number_of_symbols: u32,
    size_of_optional_header: u16,
    characteristics: u16,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageFileHeader {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageDataDirectory {
    virtual_address: u32,
    size: u32,
}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageOptionalHeader {
    magic: u16,
    major_linker_version: u8,
    minor_linker_version: u8,
    size_of_code: u32,
    size_of_initialized_data: u32,
    size_of_uninitialized_data: u32,
    address_of_entry_point: u32,
    base_of_code: u32,
    base_of_data: u32,
    image_base: u32,
    section_alignment: u32,
    file_alignment: u32,
    major_operating_system_version: u16,
    minor_operating_system_version: u16,
    major_image_version: u16,
    minor_image_version: u16,
    major_subsystem_version: u16,
    minor_subsystem_version: u16,
    win32_version_value: u32,
    size_of_image: u32,
    size_of_headers: u32,
    check_sum: u32,
    subsystem: u16,
    dll_characteristics: u16,
    size_of_stack_reserve: u32,
    size_of_stack_commit: u32,
    size_of_heap_reserve: u32,
    size_of_heap_commit: u32,
    loader_flags: u32,
    number_of_rva_and_sizes: u32,
    data_directory: [ImageDataDirectory; 16],
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageOptionalHeader {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageNtHeader {
    signature: u32,
    file_header: ImageFileHeader,
    optional_header: ImageOptionalHeader,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageNtHeader {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageOptionalHeaderPlus {
    magic: u16,
    major_linker_version: u8,
    minor_linker_version: u8,
    size_of_code: u32,
    size_of_initialized_data: u32,
    size_of_uninitialized_data: u32,
    address_of_entry_point: u32,
    base_of_code: u32,
    image_base: u64,
    section_alignment: u32,
    file_alignment: u32,
    major_operating_system_version: u16,
    minor_operating_system_version: u16,
    major_image_version: u16,
    minor_image_version: u16,
    major_subsystem_version: u16,
    minor_subsystem_version: u16,
    win32_version_value: u32,
    size_of_image: u32,
    size_of_headers: u32,
    check_sum: u32,
    subsystem: u16,
    dll_characteristics: u16,
    size_of_stack_reserve: u64,
    size_of_stack_commit: u64,
    size_of_heap_reserve: u64,
    size_of_heap_commit: u64,
    loader_flags: u32,
    number_of_rva_and_sizes: u32,
    data_directory: [ImageDataDirectory; 16],
}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageNtHeaderPlus {
    signature: u32,
    file_header: ImageFileHeader,
    optional_header: ImageOptionalHeaderPlus,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageNtHeaderPlus {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageSectionHeader {
    name: [u8; 8],
    physical_address_or_virtual_size: u32,
    virtual_address: u32,
    size_of_raw_data: u32,
    pointer_to_raw_data: u32,
    pointer_to_relocations: u32,
    pointer_to_line_numbers: u32,
    number_of_relocations: u16,
    number_of_line_numbers: u16,
    characteristics: u32,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageSectionHeader {}

#[repr(C)]
struct ImageCorHeader {
    cb: u32,
    major_runtime_version: u16,
    minor_runtime_version: u16,
    meta_data: ImageDataDirectory,
    flags: u32,
    entry_point_token_or_entry_point_rva: u32,
    resources: ImageDataDirectory,
    strong_name_signature: ImageDataDirectory,
    code_manager_table: ImageDataDirectory,
    vtable_fixups: ImageDataDirectory,
    export_address_table_jumps: ImageDataDirectory,
    managed_native_header: ImageDataDirectory,
}
// Safety: this is safe because the type is #[repr(C)]
// and only contains data that is itself `Pod`
unsafe impl Pod for ImageCorHeader {}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[repr(C)]
    struct Foo {
        bar: u16,
        baz: u8,
    }
    unsafe impl Pod for Foo {}

    #[test]
    fn view_bytes_as_type() {
        let bytes = [1u8, 3, 48, 90];

        let foo = bytes.view_as::<Foo>(0);
        assert_eq!(foo.bar, 0x0301);
        assert_eq!(foo.baz, 48)
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn panic_on_unaligned_bytes() {
        let bytes = [1u8, 3, 48, 90, 90];

        let _ = bytes.view_as::<Foo>(0);
        let _ = bytes.view_as::<Foo>(1);
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn panic_on_too_few_bytes() {
        let bytes = [1u8, 3];

        let _ = bytes.view_as::<Foo>(0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn copy_bytes_as_type() {
        let bytes = [1u8, 3];

        let foo = bytes.copy_as::<u16>(0);
        assert_eq!(foo, 0x0301);
    }
}