use crate::bindings;
use crate::TskitError;

use bindings::tsk_id_t;
use bindings::tsk_size_t;

/// A node ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of a [``NodeTable``](crate::NodeTable).
/// The underlying type is [``tsk_id_t``].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// These examples illustrate using this type as something "integer-like".
///
/// ```
/// use tskit::NodeId;
/// use tskit::bindings::tsk_id_t;
///
/// // The default value is null:
/// assert_eq!(tskit::NodeId::default(), tskit::NodeId::NULL);
///
/// let x: tsk_id_t = 1;
/// let y: NodeId = NodeId::from(x);
/// assert_eq!(x, y);
/// assert_eq!(y, x);
///
/// assert!(y < x + 1);
/// assert!(y <= x);
/// assert!(x + 1 > y);
/// assert!(x + 1 >= y);
///
/// let z: NodeId = NodeId::from(x);
/// assert_eq!(y, z);
/// ```
///
/// It is also possible to write functions accepting both the `NodeId`
/// and `tsk_id_t`:
///
/// ```
/// use tskit::NodeId;
/// use tskit::bindings::tsk_id_t;
///
/// fn interesting<N: Into<NodeId>>(x: N) -> NodeId {
///     x.into()
/// }
///
/// let x: tsk_id_t = 0;
/// assert_eq!(interesting(x), x);
/// let x: NodeId = NodeId::from(0);
/// assert_eq!(interesting(x), x);
/// ```
///
/// The types also implement `Display`:
///
/// ```
/// use tskit::NodeId;
///
/// let n = NodeId::from(11);
/// assert_eq!(format!("{}", n), "11".to_string());
/// // Debug output contains type info
/// assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", n), "NodeId(11)".to_string());
/// let n = NodeId::from(NodeId::NULL);
/// assert_eq!(format!("{}", n), "NULL");
/// assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", n), "NodeId(-1)");
/// ```
///
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct NodeId(tsk_id_t);

/// An individual ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``IndividualTable``](crate::IndividualTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct IndividualId(tsk_id_t);

/// A population ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``PopulationTable``](crate::PopulationTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct PopulationId(tsk_id_t);

/// A site ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``SiteTable``](crate::SiteTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct SiteId(tsk_id_t);

/// A mutation ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``MutationTable``](crate::MutationTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct MutationId(tsk_id_t);

/// A migration ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``MigrationTable``](crate::MigrationTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct MigrationId(tsk_id_t);

/// An edge ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of an [``EdgeTable``](crate::EdgeTable).
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct EdgeId(tsk_id_t);

impl_id_traits!(NodeId);
impl_id_traits!(IndividualId);
impl_id_traits!(PopulationId);
impl_id_traits!(SiteId);
impl_id_traits!(MutationId);
impl_id_traits!(MigrationId);
impl_id_traits!(EdgeId);

impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(NodeId);
impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(EdgeId);
impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(SiteId);
impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(MutationId);
impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(PopulationId);
impl_size_type_comparisons_for_row_ids!(MigrationId);

/// Wraps `tsk_size_t`
///
/// This type plays the role of C's `size_t` in the `tskit` C library.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let s = tskit::SizeType::from(1 as tskit::bindings::tsk_size_t);
/// let mut t: tskit::bindings::tsk_size_t = s.into();
/// assert!(t == s);
/// assert!(t == 1);
/// let u = tskit::SizeType::from(s);
/// assert!(u == s);
/// t += 1;
/// assert!(t > s);
/// assert!(s < t);
/// ```
///
/// #[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct SizeType(tsk_size_t);

impl SizeType {
    /// Convenience function to convert to usize.
    ///
    /// Works via [`TryFrom`].
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// * `None` if the underlying value is negative.
    /// * `Some(usize)` otherwise.
    pub fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize> {
        (*self).try_into().ok()
    }

    /// Convenience function to convert to usize.
    /// Implemented via `as`.
    /// Negative values with therefore wrap.
    pub fn as_usize(&self) -> usize {
        self.0 as usize
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Display for SizeType {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
    }
}

impl From<tsk_size_t> for SizeType {
    fn from(value: tsk_size_t) -> Self {
        Self(value)
    }
}

impl From<SizeType> for tsk_size_t {
    fn from(value: SizeType) -> Self {
        value.0
    }
}

// SizeType is u64, so converstion
// can fail on systems with smaller pointer widths.
impl TryFrom<SizeType> for usize {
    type Error = TskitError;

    fn try_from(value: SizeType) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match usize::try_from(value.0) {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x),
            Err(_) => Err(TskitError::RangeError(format!(
                "could not convert {} to usize",
                value
            ))),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<usize> for SizeType {
    type Error = TskitError;

    fn try_from(value: usize) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match tsk_size_t::try_from(value) {
            Ok(x) => Ok(Self(x)),
            Err(_) => Err(TskitError::RangeError(format!(
                "could not convert usize {} to SizeType",
                value
            ))),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<tsk_id_t> for SizeType {
    type Error = crate::TskitError;

    fn try_from(value: tsk_id_t) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match tsk_size_t::try_from(value) {
            Ok(v) => Ok(Self(v)),
            Err(_) => Err(crate::TskitError::RangeError(
                stringify!(value.0).to_string(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<SizeType> for tsk_id_t {
    type Error = crate::TskitError;

    fn try_from(value: SizeType) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match tsk_id_t::try_from(value.0) {
            Ok(v) => Ok(v),
            Err(_) => Err(TskitError::RangeError(stringify!(value.0).to_string())),
        }
    }
}

impl PartialEq<SizeType> for tsk_size_t {
    fn eq(&self, other: &SizeType) -> bool {
        *self == other.0
    }
}

impl PartialEq<tsk_size_t> for SizeType {
    fn eq(&self, other: &tsk_size_t) -> bool {
        self.0 == *other
    }
}

impl PartialOrd<tsk_size_t> for SizeType {
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &tsk_size_t) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
        self.0.partial_cmp(other)
    }
}

impl PartialOrd<SizeType> for tsk_size_t {
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &SizeType) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
        self.partial_cmp(&other.0)
    }
}

/// A newtype for the concept of time.
/// A `Time` value can represent either a point in time
/// or the output of arithmetic involving time.
///
/// Wraps [`f64`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let t0 = tskit::Time::from(2.0);
/// let t1 = tskit::Time::from(10.0);
///
/// let mut sum = t0 + t1;
///
/// match sum.partial_cmp(&12.0) {
///    Some(std::cmp::Ordering::Equal) => (),
///    _ => assert!(false),
/// };
///
/// sum /= tskit::Time::from(2.0);
///
/// match sum.partial_cmp(&6.0) {
///    Some(std::cmp::Ordering::Equal) => (),
///    _ => assert!(false),
/// };
/// ```
///
/// # Notes
///
/// The current implementation of [`PartialOrd`] is based on
/// the underlying implementation for [`f64`].
///
/// A `Time` can be multiplied and divided by a [`Position`]
///
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Time(f64);

/// A newtype for the concept of "genomic position".
/// A `Position` can represent either a locus or a
/// distance between loci.
///
/// Wraps [`f64`].
///
/// For examples, see [`Time`].
///
/// This type can be multiplied and divided by [`Time`].
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Position(f64);

/// A newtype for the concept of location.
/// A `Location` may represent a location or the
/// output of arithmetic involving locations.
///
/// Wraps [`f64`].
///
/// For examples, see [`Time`].
///
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Location(f64);

impl_f64_newtypes!(Time);
impl_f64_newtypes!(Position);
impl_f64_newtypes!(Location);

// It is natural to be able to * and / times and positions
impl_time_position_arithmetic!(Time, Position);
impl_time_position_arithmetic!(Position, Time);

#[cfg(feature = "provenance")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "provenance")))]
/// A provenance ID
///
/// This is an integer referring to a row of a [``provenance::ProvenanceTable``].
///
/// The features for this type follow the same pattern as for [``NodeId``]
#[repr(transparent)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, std::hash::Hash)]
pub struct ProvenanceId(tsk_id_t);

#[cfg(feature = "provenance")]
impl_id_traits!(ProvenanceId);

#[test]
fn test_f64_newtype_Display() {
    let x = Position::from(1.0);
    let mut output = String::new();
    std::fmt::write(&mut output, format_args!("{}", x))
        .expect("Error occurred while trying to write in String");
    assert_eq!(output, "1".to_string());
    let x = Time::from(1.0);
    let mut output = String::new();
    std::fmt::write(&mut output, format_args!("{}", x))
        .expect("Error occurred while trying to write in String");
    assert_eq!(output, "1".to_string());
    let x = Location::from(1.0);
    let mut output = String::new();
    std::fmt::write(&mut output, format_args!("{}", x))
        .expect("Error occurred while trying to write in String");
    assert_eq!(output, "1".to_string());
}

#[test]
fn test_usize_to_size_type() {
    let x = usize::MAX;
    let s = SizeType::try_from(x).ok();

    #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
    assert_eq!(s, Some(bindings::tsk_size_t::MAX.into()));

    #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
    assert_eq!(s, Some((usize::MAX as bindings::tsk_size_t).into()));

    let x = usize::MIN;
    let s = SizeType::try_from(x).ok();
    assert_eq!(s, Some(0.into()));
}