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// ssdeep-rs: A Rust wrapper for ssdeep. // // Copyright (c) 2016 Petr Zemek <s3rvac@gmail.com> // // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License // along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. //! A Rust wrapper for [ssdeep by Jesse //! Kornblum](https://ssdeep-project.github.io/ssdeep/), which is a C library //! for computing [context triggered piecewise //! hashes](http://dfrws.org/2006/proceedings/12-Kornblum.pdf) (CTPH). Also //! called fuzzy hashes, CTPH can match inputs that have homologies. Such //! inputs have sequences of identical bytes in the same order, although bytes //! in between these sequences may be different in both content and length. In //! contrast to standard hashing algorithms, CTPH can be used to identify files //! that are highly similar but not identical. //! //! Usage //! ----- //! //! To compute the fuzzy hash of a given buffer, use //! [`hash()`](fn.hash.html): //! //! ``` //! extern crate ssdeep; //! //! let h = ssdeep::hash(b"Hello there!").unwrap(); //! assert_eq!(h, "3:aNRn:aNRn"); //! ``` //! //! If you want to obtain the fuzzy hash of a file, you can use //! [`hash_from_file()`](fn.hash_from_file.html): //! //! ``` //! let h = ssdeep::hash_from_file("tests/file.txt").unwrap(); //! ``` //! //! To compare two fuzzy hashes, use [`compare()`](fn.compare.html), which //! returns an integer between 0 (no match) and 100: //! //! ``` //! let h1 = b"3:AXGBicFlgVNhBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGHsNhxLsr2C"; //! let h2 = b"3:AXGBicFlIHBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGH6xLsr2Cx"; //! let score = ssdeep::compare(h1, h2).unwrap(); //! assert_eq!(score, 22); //! ``` //! //! Each of these functions returns an //! [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html), where //! `None` is returned when the underlying C function fails. extern crate libc; extern crate libfuzzy_sys as raw; use libc::c_char; use libc::uint32_t; use std::ffi::CString; use std::path::Path; /// Computes the match score between two fuzzy hashes. /// /// Returns a value from 0 to 100 indicating the match score of the two hashes. /// A match score of zero indicates that the hashes did not match. When an /// error occurs, it returns `None`. /// /// # Examples /// /// When the hashes are identical, it returns 100: /// /// ``` /// let h1 = b"3:AXGBicFlgVNhBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGHsNhxLsr2C"; /// let h2 = b"3:AXGBicFlgVNhBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGHsNhxLsr2C"; /// assert_eq!(ssdeep::compare(h1, h2), Some(100)); /// ``` /// /// When the hashes are similar, it returns a positive integer: /// /// ``` /// let h1 = b"3:AXGBicFlgVNhBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGHsNhxLsr2C"; /// let h2 = b"3:AXGBicFlIHBGcL6wCrFQEv:AXGH6xLsr2Cx"; /// assert_eq!(ssdeep::compare(h1, h2), Some(22)); /// ``` /// /// When the hashes have no similarity at all, it returns zero: /// /// ``` /// let h1 = b"3:u+N:u+N"; /// let h2 = b"3:OWIXTn:OWQ"; /// assert_eq!(ssdeep::compare(h1, h2), Some(0)); /// ``` /// /// When either of the hashes is invalid, it returns `None`: /// /// ``` /// let h1 = b"XYZ"; /// let h2 = b"3:tc:u"; /// assert_eq!(ssdeep::compare(h1, h2), None); /// ``` /// /// # Panics /// /// If either of the hashes contain a null byte. Note that /// [`hash()`](fn.hash.html) never returns a hash with a null byte, so this may /// happen only if you handcrafted the hashes or obtained them from other /// sources. /// /// # Implementation details /// /// Internally, it calls the `fuzzy_compare()` function from the underlying C /// library. The return value `-1` is translated into `None`. pub fn compare(hash1: &[u8], hash2: &[u8]) -> Option<i8> { let h1 = bytes_to_cstring(hash1); let h2 = bytes_to_cstring(hash2); let score = unsafe { raw::fuzzy_compare(h1.as_bytes_with_nul().as_ptr() as *const c_char, h2.as_bytes_with_nul().as_ptr() as *const c_char) }; if score == -1 { None } else { Some(score as i8) } } /// Computes the fuzzy hash of a buffer. /// /// Returns the fuzzy hash of the given buffer. When an error occurs, it /// returns `None`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let h = ssdeep::hash(b"Hello there!").unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(h, "3:aNRn:aNRn"); /// ``` /// /// # Panics /// /// If the size of the buffer is strictly greater than `2^32 - 1` bytes. The /// reason for this is that the corresponding function from the underlying C /// library accepts the length of the buffer as an unsigned 32b integer. /// /// # Implementation details /// /// Internally, it calls the `fuzzy_hash_buf()` function from the underlying C /// library. A non-zero return value is translated into `None`. pub fn hash(buf: &[u8]) -> Option<String> { assert!(buf.len() <= uint32_t::max_value() as usize); let mut result = create_buffer_for_result(); let rc = unsafe { raw::fuzzy_hash_buf(buf.as_ptr(), buf.len() as uint32_t, result.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_char) }; result_buffer_to_string(result, rc) } /// Computes the fuzzy hash of a file. /// /// Returns the fuzzy hash of the given file. When an error occurs, it returns /// `None`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let h = ssdeep::hash_from_file("tests/file.txt").unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(h, "48:9MABzSwnjpDeSrLp8+nagE4f3ZMvcDT0MIhqy6Ic:9XMwnjdeSHS+n5ZfScX0MJ7"); /// ``` /// /// # Panics /// /// If the path to the file cannot be converted into bytes or it contains a /// null byte. /// /// # Implementation details /// /// Internally, it calls the `fuzzy_hash_filename()` function from the /// underlying C library. A non-zero return value is translated into `None`. pub fn hash_from_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(file_path: P) -> Option<String> { let mut result = create_buffer_for_result(); let fp = path_as_cstring(file_path); let rc = unsafe { raw::fuzzy_hash_filename(fp.as_bytes_with_nul().as_ptr() as *const c_char, result.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_char) }; result_buffer_to_string(result, rc) } fn path_as_cstring<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> CString { // We can unwrap() the result because if the path cannot be converted into // a string, we panic, as documented in functions that call this function. bytes_to_cstring(path.as_ref().to_str().unwrap().as_bytes()) } fn bytes_to_cstring(s: &[u8]) -> CString { // We can unwrap() the result because if there is a null byte, we panic, as // documented in functions that call this function. CString::new(s).unwrap() } fn create_buffer_for_result() -> Vec<u8> { // From fuzzy.h: "The buffer into which the fuzzy hash is stored has to be // allocated to hold at least FUZZY_MAX_RESULT bytes." Vec::with_capacity(raw::FUZZY_MAX_RESULT) } fn result_buffer_to_string(mut result: Vec<u8>, rc: i32) -> Option<String> { if rc != 0 { // The function from libfuzzy failed, so there is no result. return None; } // Since the resulting vector that holds the fuzzy hash was populated in // the underlying C library, we have to adjust its length because at this // point, the vector thinks that its length is zero. We do this by finding // the first null byte. unsafe { let mut len = 0; for i in 0..raw::FUZZY_MAX_RESULT { if *result.get_unchecked(i) == 0 { break; } len += 1; } result.set_len(len); } // There should be only ASCII characters in the result, but better be safe // than sorry. If there happens to be anything else, return None. String::from_utf8(result).ok() }