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use crate::{
error::*, ConnectionTrait, DeleteResult, EntityTrait, Iterable, PrimaryKeyToColumn, Value,
};
use async_trait::async_trait;
use sea_query::{Nullable, ValueTuple};
use std::fmt::Debug;
pub use ActiveValue::NotSet;
/// Defines a stateful value used in ActiveModel.
///
/// There are three possible state represented by three enum variants.
/// - [ActiveValue::Set]: A defined [Value] actively being set
/// - [ActiveValue::Unchanged]: A defined [Value] remain unchanged
/// - [ActiveValue::NotSet]: An undefined [Value]
///
/// The stateful value is useful when constructing UPDATE SQL statement,
/// see an example below.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use sea_orm::tests_cfg::{cake, fruit};
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, DbBackend};
///
/// // The code snipped below does an UPDATE operation on a `ActiveValue`
/// assert_eq!(
/// Update::one(fruit::ActiveModel {
/// id: ActiveValue::set(1),
/// name: ActiveValue::set("Orange".to_owned()),
/// cake_id: ActiveValue::not_set(),
/// })
/// .build(DbBackend::Postgres)
/// .to_string(),
/// r#"UPDATE "fruit" SET "name" = 'Orange' WHERE "fruit"."id" = 1"#
/// );
/// ```
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub enum ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
/// A defined [Value] actively being set
Set(V),
/// A defined [Value] remain unchanged
Unchanged(V),
/// An undefined [Value]
NotSet,
}
/// Defines a set operation on an [ActiveValue]
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub fn Set<V>(v: V) -> ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
ActiveValue::set(v)
}
/// Defines an not set operation on an [ActiveValue]
#[deprecated(
since = "0.5.0",
note = "Please use [`ActiveValue::NotSet`] or [`NotSet`]"
)]
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub fn Unset<V>(_: Option<bool>) -> ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
ActiveValue::not_set()
}
/// Defines an unchanged operation on an [ActiveValue]
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub fn Unchanged<V>(value: V) -> ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
ActiveValue::unchanged(value)
}
/// A Trait for ActiveModel to perform Create, Update or Delete operation.
/// The type must also implement the [EntityTrait].
/// See module level docs [crate::entity] for a full example
#[async_trait]
pub trait ActiveModelTrait: Clone + Debug {
/// The Entity this ActiveModel belongs to
type Entity: EntityTrait;
/// Get a mutable [ActiveValue] from an ActiveModel
fn take(&mut self, c: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Column) -> ActiveValue<Value>;
/// Get a immutable [ActiveValue] from an ActiveModel
fn get(&self, c: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Column) -> ActiveValue<Value>;
/// Set the Value into an ActiveModel
fn set(&mut self, c: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Column, v: Value);
/// Set the state of an [ActiveValue] to the not set state
fn not_set(&mut self, c: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Column);
/// Check the state of a [ActiveValue]
fn is_not_set(&self, c: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Column) -> bool;
/// The default implementation of the ActiveModel
fn default() -> Self;
/// Get the primary key of the ActiveModel
#[allow(clippy::question_mark)]
fn get_primary_key_value(&self) -> Option<ValueTuple> {
let mut cols = <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::PrimaryKey::iter();
macro_rules! next {
() => {
if let Some(col) = cols.next() {
if let Some(val) = self.get(col.into_column()).into_value() {
val
} else {
return None;
}
} else {
return None;
}
};
}
match <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::PrimaryKey::iter().count() {
1 => {
let s1 = next!();
Some(ValueTuple::One(s1))
}
2 => {
let s1 = next!();
let s2 = next!();
Some(ValueTuple::Two(s1, s2))
}
3 => {
let s1 = next!();
let s2 = next!();
let s3 = next!();
Some(ValueTuple::Three(s1, s2, s3))
}
_ => panic!("The arity cannot be larger than 3"),
}
}
/// Perform an `INSERT` operation on the ActiveModel
///
/// # Example (Postgres)
///
/// ```
/// # use sea_orm::{error::*, tests_cfg::*, *};
/// #
/// # #[smol_potat::main]
/// # #[cfg(feature = "mock")]
/// # pub async fn main() -> Result<(), DbErr> {
/// #
/// # let db = MockDatabase::new(DbBackend::Postgres)
/// # .append_query_results(vec![
/// # vec![cake::Model {
/// # id: 15,
/// # name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
/// # }],
/// # ])
/// # .into_connection();
/// #
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};
///
/// let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
/// name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
/// ..Default::default()
/// };
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// apple.insert(&db).await?,
/// cake::Model {
/// id: 15,
/// name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
/// }
/// );
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// db.into_transaction_log(),
/// vec![Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::Postgres,
/// r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ($1) RETURNING "id", "name""#,
/// vec!["Apple Pie".into()]
/// )]
/// );
/// #
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// # Example (MySQL)
///
/// ```
/// # use sea_orm::{error::*, tests_cfg::*, *};
/// #
/// # #[smol_potat::main]
/// # #[cfg(feature = "mock")]
/// # pub async fn main() -> Result<(), DbErr> {
/// #
/// # let db = MockDatabase::new(DbBackend::MySql)
/// # .append_query_results(vec![
/// # vec![cake::Model {
/// # id: 15,
/// # name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
/// # }],
/// # ])
/// # .append_exec_results(vec![
/// # MockExecResult {
/// # last_insert_id: 15,
/// # rows_affected: 1,
/// # },
/// # ])
/// # .into_connection();
/// #
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};
///
/// let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
/// name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
/// ..Default::default()
/// };
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// apple.insert(&db).await?,
/// cake::Model {
/// id: 15,
/// name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
/// }
/// );
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// db.into_transaction_log(),
/// vec![
/// Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::MySql,
/// r#"INSERT INTO `cake` (`name`) VALUES (?)"#,
/// vec!["Apple Pie".into()]
/// ),
/// Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::MySql,
/// r#"SELECT `cake`.`id`, `cake`.`name` FROM `cake` WHERE `cake`.`id` = ? LIMIT ?"#,
/// vec![15.into(), 1u64.into()]
/// )
/// ]
/// );
/// #
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
async fn insert<'a, C>(self, db: &'a C) -> Result<<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model, DbErr>
where
<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model: IntoActiveModel<Self>,
Self: ActiveModelBehavior + 'a,
C: ConnectionTrait<'a>,
{
let am = ActiveModelBehavior::before_save(self, true)?;
let model = <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::insert(am)
.exec_with_returning(db)
.await?;
Self::after_save(model, true)
}
/// Perform the `UPDATE` operation on an ActiveModel
///
/// # Example (Postgres)
///
/// ```
/// # use sea_orm::{error::*, tests_cfg::*, *};
/// #
/// # #[smol_potat::main]
/// # #[cfg(feature = "mock")]
/// # pub async fn main() -> Result<(), DbErr> {
/// #
/// # let db = MockDatabase::new(DbBackend::Postgres)
/// # .append_query_results(vec![
/// # vec![fruit::Model {
/// # id: 1,
/// # name: "Orange".to_owned(),
/// # cake_id: None,
/// # }],
/// # ])
/// # .into_connection();
/// #
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};
///
/// let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
/// id: Set(1),
/// name: Set("Orange".to_owned()),
/// ..Default::default()
/// };
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// orange.update(&db).await?,
/// fruit::Model {
/// id: 1,
/// name: "Orange".to_owned(),
/// cake_id: None,
/// }
/// );
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// db.into_transaction_log(),
/// vec![Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::Postgres,
/// r#"UPDATE "fruit" SET "name" = $1 WHERE "fruit"."id" = $2 RETURNING "id", "name", "cake_id""#,
/// vec!["Orange".into(), 1i32.into()]
/// )]);
/// #
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
///
/// # Example (MySQL)
///
/// ```
/// # use sea_orm::{error::*, tests_cfg::*, *};
/// #
/// # #[smol_potat::main]
/// # #[cfg(feature = "mock")]
/// # pub async fn main() -> Result<(), DbErr> {
/// #
/// # let db = MockDatabase::new(DbBackend::MySql)
/// # .append_query_results(vec![
/// # vec![fruit::Model {
/// # id: 1,
/// # name: "Orange".to_owned(),
/// # cake_id: None,
/// # }],
/// # ])
/// # .append_exec_results(vec![
/// # MockExecResult {
/// # last_insert_id: 0,
/// # rows_affected: 1,
/// # },
/// # ])
/// # .into_connection();
/// #
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};
///
/// let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
/// id: Set(1),
/// name: Set("Orange".to_owned()),
/// ..Default::default()
/// };
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// orange.update(&db).await?,
/// fruit::Model {
/// id: 1,
/// name: "Orange".to_owned(),
/// cake_id: None,
/// }
/// );
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// db.into_transaction_log(),
/// vec![
/// Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::MySql,
/// r#"UPDATE `fruit` SET `name` = ? WHERE `fruit`.`id` = ?"#,
/// vec!["Orange".into(), 1i32.into()]
/// ),
/// Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::MySql,
/// r#"SELECT `fruit`.`id`, `fruit`.`name`, `fruit`.`cake_id` FROM `fruit` WHERE `fruit`.`id` = ? LIMIT ?"#,
/// vec![1i32.into(), 1u64.into()]
/// )]);
/// #
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
async fn update<'a, C>(self, db: &'a C) -> Result<<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model, DbErr>
where
<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model: IntoActiveModel<Self>,
Self: ActiveModelBehavior + 'a,
C: ConnectionTrait<'a>,
{
let am = ActiveModelBehavior::before_save(self, false)?;
let model: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model = Self::Entity::update(am).exec(db).await?;
Self::after_save(model, false)
}
/// Insert the model if primary key is `NotSet`, update otherwise.
/// Only works if the entity has auto increment primary key.
async fn save<'a, C>(self, db: &'a C) -> Result<Self, DbErr>
where
<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model: IntoActiveModel<Self>,
Self: ActiveModelBehavior + 'a,
C: ConnectionTrait<'a>,
{
let mut is_update = true;
for key in <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::PrimaryKey::iter() {
let col = key.into_column();
if self.is_not_set(col) {
is_update = false;
break;
}
}
let res = if !is_update {
self.insert(db).await
} else {
self.update(db).await
}?;
Ok(res.into_active_model())
}
/// Delete an active model by its primary key
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use sea_orm::{error::*, tests_cfg::*, *};
/// #
/// # #[smol_potat::main]
/// # #[cfg(feature = "mock")]
/// # pub async fn main() -> Result<(), DbErr> {
/// #
/// # let db = MockDatabase::new(DbBackend::Postgres)
/// # .append_exec_results(vec![
/// # MockExecResult {
/// # last_insert_id: 0,
/// # rows_affected: 1,
/// # },
/// # ])
/// # .into_connection();
/// #
/// use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};
///
/// let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
/// id: Set(3),
/// ..Default::default()
/// };
///
/// let delete_result = orange.delete(&db).await?;
///
/// assert_eq!(delete_result.rows_affected, 1);
///
/// assert_eq!(
/// db.into_transaction_log(),
/// vec![Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
/// DbBackend::Postgres,
/// r#"DELETE FROM "fruit" WHERE "fruit"."id" = $1"#,
/// vec![3i32.into()]
/// )]
/// );
/// #
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
async fn delete<'a, C>(self, db: &'a C) -> Result<DeleteResult, DbErr>
where
Self: ActiveModelBehavior + 'a,
C: ConnectionTrait<'a>,
{
let am = ActiveModelBehavior::before_delete(self)?;
let am_clone = am.clone();
let delete_res = Self::Entity::delete(am).exec(db).await?;
ActiveModelBehavior::after_delete(am_clone)?;
Ok(delete_res)
}
}
/// A Trait for overriding the ActiveModel behavior
///
/// ### Example
/// ```ignore
/// use sea_orm::entity::prelude::*;
///
/// // Use [DeriveEntity] to derive the EntityTrait automatically
/// #[derive(Copy, Clone, Default, Debug, DeriveEntity)]
/// pub struct Entity;
///
/// /// The [EntityName] describes the name of a table
/// impl EntityName for Entity {
/// fn table_name(&self) -> &str {
/// "cake"
/// }
/// }
///
/// // Derive the ActiveModel
/// #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, DeriveModel, DeriveActiveModel)]
/// pub struct Model {
/// pub id: i32,
/// pub name: String,
/// }
///
/// impl ActiveModelBehavior for ActiveModel {}
/// ```
/// See module level docs [crate::entity] for a full example
#[allow(unused_variables)]
pub trait ActiveModelBehavior: ActiveModelTrait {
/// Create a new ActiveModel with default values. Also used by `Default::default()`.
fn new() -> Self {
<Self as ActiveModelTrait>::default()
}
/// Will be called before saving
fn before_save(self, insert: bool) -> Result<Self, DbErr> {
Ok(self)
}
/// Will be called after saving
fn after_save(
model: <Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model,
insert: bool,
) -> Result<<Self::Entity as EntityTrait>::Model, DbErr> {
Ok(model)
}
/// Will be called before deleting
fn before_delete(self) -> Result<Self, DbErr> {
Ok(self)
}
/// Will be called after deleting
fn after_delete(self) -> Result<Self, DbErr> {
Ok(self)
}
}
/// A Trait for any type that can be converted into an ActiveModel
pub trait IntoActiveModel<A>
where
A: ActiveModelTrait,
{
/// Method to call to perform the conversion
fn into_active_model(self) -> A;
}
impl<A> IntoActiveModel<A> for A
where
A: ActiveModelTrait,
{
fn into_active_model(self) -> A {
self
}
}
/// Constraints to perform the conversion of a type into an [ActiveValue]
pub trait IntoActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
/// Method to perform the conversion
fn into_active_value(self) -> ActiveValue<V>;
}
macro_rules! impl_into_active_value {
($ty: ty, $fn: ident) => {
impl IntoActiveValue<$ty> for $ty {
fn into_active_value(self) -> ActiveValue<$ty> {
$fn(self)
}
}
impl IntoActiveValue<Option<$ty>> for Option<$ty> {
fn into_active_value(self) -> ActiveValue<Option<$ty>> {
match self {
Some(value) => Set(Some(value)),
None => NotSet,
}
}
}
impl IntoActiveValue<Option<$ty>> for Option<Option<$ty>> {
fn into_active_value(self) -> ActiveValue<Option<$ty>> {
match self {
Some(value) => Set(value),
None => NotSet,
}
}
}
};
}
impl_into_active_value!(bool, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(i8, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(i16, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(i32, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(i64, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(u8, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(u16, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(u32, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(u64, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(f32, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(f64, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(&'static str, Set);
impl_into_active_value!(String, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-json")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-json")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::Json, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-chrono")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-chrono")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::Date, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-chrono")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-chrono")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::Time, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-chrono")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-chrono")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::DateTime, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-chrono")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-chrono")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::DateTimeWithTimeZone, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-rust_decimal")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-rust_decimal")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::Decimal, Set);
#[cfg(feature = "with-uuid")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "with-uuid")))]
impl_into_active_value!(crate::prelude::Uuid, Set);
impl<V> Default for ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
fn default() -> Self {
Self::NotSet
}
}
impl<V> ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
/// Create an [ActiveValue::Set]
pub fn set(value: V) -> Self {
Self::Set(value)
}
/// Check if the [ActiveValue] is [ActiveValue::Set]
pub fn is_set(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Set(_))
}
/// Create an [ActiveValue::Unchanged]
pub fn unchanged(value: V) -> Self {
Self::Unchanged(value)
}
/// Check if the [ActiveValue] is [ActiveValue::Unchanged]
pub fn is_unchanged(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Unchanged(_))
}
/// Create an [ActiveValue::NotSet]
pub fn not_set() -> Self {
Self::default()
}
/// Check if the [ActiveValue] is [ActiveValue::NotSet]
pub fn is_not_set(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::NotSet)
}
/// Get the mutable value an [ActiveValue]
/// also setting itself to [ActiveValue::NotSet]
pub fn take(&mut self) -> Option<V> {
match std::mem::take(self) {
ActiveValue::Set(value) | ActiveValue::Unchanged(value) => Some(value),
ActiveValue::NotSet => None,
}
}
/// Get an owned value of the [ActiveValue]
pub fn unwrap(self) -> V {
match self {
ActiveValue::Set(value) | ActiveValue::Unchanged(value) => value,
ActiveValue::NotSet => panic!("Cannot unwrap ActiveValue::NotSet"),
}
}
/// Check is a [Value] exists or not
pub fn into_value(self) -> Option<Value> {
match self {
ActiveValue::Set(value) | ActiveValue::Unchanged(value) => Some(value.into()),
ActiveValue::NotSet => None,
}
}
/// Wrap the [Value] into a `ActiveValue<Value>`
pub fn into_wrapped_value(self) -> ActiveValue<Value> {
match self {
Self::Set(value) => ActiveValue::set(value.into()),
Self::Unchanged(value) => ActiveValue::unchanged(value.into()),
Self::NotSet => ActiveValue::not_set(),
}
}
}
impl<V> std::convert::AsRef<V> for ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value>,
{
fn as_ref(&self) -> &V {
match self {
ActiveValue::Set(value) | ActiveValue::Unchanged(value) => value,
ActiveValue::NotSet => panic!("Cannot borrow ActiveValue::NotSet"),
}
}
}
impl<V> PartialEq for ActiveValue<V>
where
V: Into<Value> + std::cmp::PartialEq,
{
fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
match (self, other) {
(ActiveValue::Set(l), ActiveValue::Set(r)) => l == r,
(ActiveValue::Unchanged(l), ActiveValue::Unchanged(r)) => l == r,
(ActiveValue::NotSet, ActiveValue::NotSet) => true,
_ => false,
}
}
}
impl<V> From<ActiveValue<V>> for ActiveValue<Option<V>>
where
V: Into<Value> + Nullable,
{
fn from(value: ActiveValue<V>) -> Self {
match value {
ActiveValue::Set(value) => ActiveValue::set(Some(value)),
ActiveValue::Unchanged(value) => ActiveValue::unchanged(Some(value)),
ActiveValue::NotSet => ActiveValue::not_set(),
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use crate::tests_cfg::*;
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "macros")]
fn test_derive_into_active_model_1() {
use crate::entity::*;
mod my_fruit {
pub use super::fruit::*;
use crate as sea_orm;
use crate::entity::prelude::*;
#[derive(DeriveIntoActiveModel)]
pub struct NewFruit {
// id is omitted
pub name: String,
// it is required as opposed to optional in Model
pub cake_id: i32,
}
}
assert_eq!(
my_fruit::NewFruit {
name: "Apple".to_owned(),
cake_id: 1,
}
.into_active_model(),
fruit::ActiveModel {
id: NotSet,
name: Set("Apple".to_owned()),
cake_id: Set(Some(1)),
}
);
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "macros")]
fn test_derive_into_active_model_2() {
use crate::entity::*;
mod my_fruit {
pub use super::fruit::*;
use crate as sea_orm;
use crate::entity::prelude::*;
#[derive(DeriveIntoActiveModel)]
pub struct UpdateFruit {
pub cake_id: Option<Option<i32>>,
}
}
assert_eq!(
my_fruit::UpdateFruit {
cake_id: Some(Some(1)),
}
.into_active_model(),
fruit::ActiveModel {
id: NotSet,
name: NotSet,
cake_id: Set(Some(1)),
}
);
assert_eq!(
my_fruit::UpdateFruit {
cake_id: Some(None),
}
.into_active_model(),
fruit::ActiveModel {
id: NotSet,
name: NotSet,
cake_id: Set(None),
}
);
assert_eq!(
my_fruit::UpdateFruit { cake_id: None }.into_active_model(),
fruit::ActiveModel {
id: NotSet,
name: NotSet,
cake_id: NotSet,
}
);
}
}