extern crate bigint;
extern crate bit_vec;
extern crate fasthash;

use bigint::uint::U512;
use bit_vec::BitVec;
use fasthash::murmur3::hash128;
use std::ops::Add;

/// I have intentionally made the BloomFilter type opaque.
/// It accepts any kind of input as long as it can be converted to bytes.

pub struct BloomFilter {
    capacity: usize,
    bitvec: BitVec,
    error_rate: f64,
    num_of_hashfuncs: usize,
    num_of_elements: usize,
    dup_check: bool,
}

// The number of bits for bloom filter is given by the following formula
// m = math.ceil((n * math.log(p)) / math.log(1.0 / (pow(2.0, math.log(2.0)))))
#[inline(always)]
fn nbits(n: usize, p: f64) -> usize {
    let numerator = n as f64 * p.ln();
    let denominator = (1.0_f64 / 2.0_f64.powf(2.0_f64.ln())).ln();
    (numerator / denominator).ceil() as usize
}

// Iterations gives the number of hash functions to be used.
// The formula is : k = round((m / n) * math.log(2));
#[inline(always)]
fn iterations(m: usize, n: usize) -> usize {
    ((m as f64 / n as f64) * 2.0_f64.ln()).round() as usize
}

impl BloomFilter {
    pub fn new(capacity: usize, error_rate: f64, dup_check: bool) -> BloomFilter {
        if capacity == 0 {
            panic!("capacity must be greater than zero");
        }
        if error_rate <= 0.0 || error_rate > 1.0 {
            panic!("error_rate must be greater than 0.0 and less than 1.0");
        }
        let num_of_bits = nbits(capacity, error_rate);
        let num_of_hashfuncs = iterations(num_of_bits, capacity);
        BloomFilter {
            bitvec: BitVec::from_elem(num_of_bits, false),
            capacity,
            error_rate,
            num_of_hashfuncs,
            num_of_elements: 0,
            dup_check,
        }
    }
    // Here the error rate is assumed as 0.01
    pub fn new_with_default_error_rate(capacity:usize, dup_check:bool) -> BloomFilter{
        if capacity == 0 {
            panic!("capacity must be greater than zero");
        }
        BloomFilter::new(capacity, 0.01, dup_check)
    }

    pub fn bitvec_len(&self) -> usize {
        self.bitvec.len()
    }

    pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
        self.capacity
    }

    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.num_of_elements
    }

    pub fn error_rate(&self) -> f64 {
        self.error_rate
    }
    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.len() == 0
    }

    pub fn add(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<bool, &'static str> {
        if self.num_of_elements == self.capacity {
            return Err("You are adding to the bloom filter that is already full");
        }
        let hash = hash128(data);
        let hash64_first = (hash & (2_u128.pow(64) - 1)) as u64;
        let hash64_second = (hash >> 64) as u64;
        let mut result_hash: U512 = hash64_first.into();
        let mut exists = true;
        for value in 0..self.num_of_hashfuncs {
            let temp: U512 = U512::from(value) * U512::from(hash64_second);
            result_hash = result_hash.add(temp);
            let index = result_hash % U512::from(self.bitvec_len());
            if self.dup_check && self.bitvec.get(index.as_u64() as usize) == Some(false) {
                exists = false;
            }
            self.bitvec.set(index.as_u64() as usize, true);
        }
        if self.dup_check && exists {
            return Ok(false);
        }
        self.num_of_elements += 1;
        return Ok(true);
    }

    pub fn contains(&self, data: &[u8]) -> bool {
        let hash = hash128(data);
        let hash64_first = (hash & (2_u128.pow(64) - 1)) as u64;
        let hash64_second = (hash >> 64) as u64;
        let mut result_hash: U512 = hash64_first.into();
        for value in 0..self.num_of_hashfuncs {
            let temp: U512 = U512::from(value) * U512::from(hash64_second);
            result_hash = result_hash.add(temp);
            let index = result_hash % U512::from(self.bitvec_len());
            if self.bitvec.get(index.as_u64() as usize) == Some(false) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        true
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use crate::BloomFilter;

    #[test]
    fn test_single_element() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(20000, 0.01, true);
        assert_eq!(b.add("Test".as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains("Test".as_bytes()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_types() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(20000, 0.01, true);
        assert_eq!(b.add("Test".as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains("Test".as_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&1_u8.to_ne_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&1_u8.to_ne_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&1_i32.to_ne_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&1_i32.to_ne_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&1_i64.to_ne_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&1_i64.to_ne_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&1.0_f32.to_bits().to_be_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&1.0_f32.to_bits().to_be_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&12131231231231321123.0_f64.to_bits().to_be_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&12131231231231321123.0_f64.to_bits().to_be_bytes()));
        assert_eq!(b.add(&1.33333333333333333_f32.to_bits().to_be_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains(&1.33333333333333333_f32.to_bits().to_be_bytes()));
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn test_empty_bloom_zero_capacity_filter() {
        let _b = BloomFilter::new(0, 0.01, true);
    }
    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn test_empty_bloom_zero_error_rate_filter() {
        let _b = BloomFilter::new(10, 0.000, true);
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn test_empty_bloom_negative_error_rate_filter() {
        let _b = BloomFilter::new(10, -0.010, true);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_full_bloom_filter() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(10, 0.01, true);
        // Add 11 elements to the 10 capacity Bloomfilter
        let elements = vec![
            "April is the cruellest month, breeding",
            "Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing",
            "Memory and desire, stirring",
            "Dull roots with spring rain.",
            "Winter kept us warm, covering",
            "Earth in forgetful snow, feeding",
            "A little life with dried tubers.",
            "Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee",
            "With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,",
            "And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten,",
            "And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.",
        ];
        for element in &elements[..9] {
            assert_eq!(b.add(element.as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        }
        assert!(
            b.add((&elements[10]).as_ref()).unwrap(),
            "You are adding to the bloom filter that is full"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_elements() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(20000, 0.01, true);
        let elements = vec![
            "Bin gar keine Russin, stamm’ aus Litauen, echt deutsch.",
            "And when we were children, staying at the arch-duke’s,",
            "My cousin’s, he took me out on a sled,",
            "And I was frightened. He said, Marie,",
            "Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.",
            "In the mountains, there you feel free.",
            "I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.",
        ];
        for element in &elements {
            b.add(element.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        }
        for element in &elements {
            assert!(b.contains(element.as_bytes()));
        }
        assert_eq!(
            b.contains("What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow".as_bytes()),
            false
        );
        assert_eq!(elements.len(), b.len())
    }
    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_duplicate_elements() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(20000, 0.01, true);
        let elements = vec![
            "Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man,",
            "Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man,",
            "You cannot say, or guess, for you know only",
            "You cannot say, or guess, for you know only",
        ];
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[0].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[1].as_bytes()).unwrap(), false);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[2].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[3].as_bytes()).unwrap(), false);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_multiple_duplicate_elements_with_dup_check_false() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new(20000, 0.01, false);
        let elements = vec![
            "A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,",
            "A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,",
            "And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,",
            "And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,",
        ];
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[0].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[1].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[2].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 3);
        assert_eq!(b.add(elements[3].as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert_eq!(b.len(), 4);
        for i in vec![
            "A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,",
            "And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,",
        ] {
            assert!(b.contains(i.as_bytes()))
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_new_with_default_error_rate() {
        let mut b = BloomFilter::new_with_default_error_rate(20000, true);
        assert_eq!(b.add("Test".as_bytes()).unwrap(), true);
        assert!(b.contains("Test".as_bytes()));
    }
}