//! Direct memory access (DMA).
//!
//! The DMA unit of the RP2040 seems very simplistic at first when compared to other MCUs. For
//! example, the individual DMA channels do not support chaining multiple buffers. However, within
//! certain limits, the DMA engine supports a wide range of transfer and buffer types, often by
//! combining multiple DMA channels:
//!
//! * Simple RX/TX transfers filling a single buffer or transferring data from one peripheral to
//!   another.
//! * RX/TX transfers that use multiple chained buffers: These transfers require two channels to
//!   be combined, where the first DMA channel configures the second DMA channel. An example for
//!   this transfer type can be found in the datasheet.
//! * Repeated transfers from/to a set of buffers: By allocating one channel per buffer and
//!   chaining the channels together, continuous transfers to a set of ring buffers can be
//!   achieved. Note, however, that the MCU manually needs to reconfigure the DMA units unless the
//!   buffer addresses and sizes are aligned, in which case the ring buffer functionality of the
//!   DMA engine can be used. Even then, however, at least two DMA channels are required as a
//!   channel cannot be chained to itself.
//!
//! This API tries to provide three types of buffers: Single buffers, double-buffered transfers
//! where the user can specify the next buffer while the previous is being transferred, and
//! automatic continuous ring buffers consisting of two aligned buffers being read or written
//! alternatingly.

use core::marker::PhantomData;
use embedded_dma::{ReadBuffer, WriteBuffer};

use crate::{
    pac::{self, DMA},
    resets::SubsystemReset,
    typelevel::Sealed,
};
// Export these types for easier use by external code
pub use crate::dma::single_channel::SingleChannel;

// Bring in our submodules
pub mod bidirectional;
pub mod double_buffer;
pub mod single_buffer;
mod single_channel;

/// DMA unit.
pub trait DMAExt: Sealed {
    /// Splits the DMA unit into its individual channels.
    fn split(self, resets: &mut pac::RESETS) -> Channels;
    /// Splits the DMA unit into its individual channels with runtime ownership
    fn dyn_split(self, resets: &mut pac::RESETS) -> DynChannels;
}

/// DMA channel.
pub struct Channel<CH: ChannelIndex> {
    _phantom: PhantomData<CH>,
}

/// DMA channel identifier.
pub trait ChannelIndex: Sealed {
    /// Numerical index of the DMA channel (0..11).
    fn id() -> u8;
}

macro_rules! channels {
    (
        $($CHX:ident: ($chX:ident, $x:expr),)+
    ) => {
        impl DMAExt for DMA {
            fn split(self, resets: &mut pac::RESETS) -> Channels {
                self.reset_bring_down(resets);
                self.reset_bring_up(resets);

                Channels {
                    $(
                        $chX: Channel {
                            _phantom: PhantomData,
                        },
                    )+
                }
            }

            fn dyn_split(self, resets: &mut pac::RESETS) -> DynChannels{
                self.reset_bring_down(resets);
                self.reset_bring_up(resets);

                DynChannels {
                    $(
                        $chX: Some(Channel {
                            _phantom: PhantomData,
                        }),
                    )+
                }
            }
        }

        impl Sealed for DMA {}

        /// Set of DMA channels.
        pub struct Channels {
            $(
                /// DMA channel.
                pub $chX: Channel<$CHX>,
            )+
        }
        $(
            /// DMA channel identifier.
            pub struct $CHX;
            impl ChannelIndex for $CHX {
                fn id() -> u8 {
                    $x
                }
            }

            impl Sealed for $CHX {}
        )+

        /// Set of DMA channels with runtime ownership.
        pub struct DynChannels {
            $(
                /// DMA channel.
                pub $chX: Option<Channel<$CHX>>,
            )+
        }
    }
}

channels! {
    CH0: (ch0, 0),
    CH1: (ch1, 1),
    CH2: (ch2, 2),
    CH3: (ch3, 3),
    CH4: (ch4, 4),
    CH5: (ch5, 5),
    CH6: (ch6, 6),
    CH7: (ch7, 7),
    CH8: (ch8, 8),
    CH9: (ch9, 9),
    CH10:(ch10, 10),
    CH11:(ch11, 11),
}

trait ChannelRegs {
    unsafe fn ptr() -> *const pac::dma::CH;
    fn regs(&self) -> &pac::dma::CH;
}

impl<CH: ChannelIndex> ChannelRegs for Channel<CH> {
    unsafe fn ptr() -> *const pac::dma::CH {
        (*pac::DMA::ptr()).ch(CH::id() as usize)
    }

    fn regs(&self) -> &pac::dma::CH {
        unsafe { &*Self::ptr() }
    }
}

/// Trait which is implemented by anything that can be read via DMA.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// The implementing type must be safe to use for DMA reads. This means:
///
/// - The range returned by rx_address_count must point to a valid address,
///   and if rx_increment is true, count must fit into the allocated buffer.
/// - As long as no `&mut self` method is called on the implementing object:
///   - `rx_address_count` must always return the same value, if called multiple
///     times.
///   - The memory specified by the pointer and size returned by `rx_address_count`
///     must not be freed during the transfer it is used in as long as `self` is not dropped.
pub unsafe trait ReadTarget {
    /// Type which is transferred in a single DMA transfer.
    type ReceivedWord;

    /// Returns the DREQ number for this data source (`None` for memory buffers).
    fn rx_treq() -> Option<u8>;

    /// Returns the address and the maximum number of words that can be transferred from this data
    /// source in a single DMA operation.
    ///
    /// For peripherals, the count should likely be u32::MAX. If a data source implements
    /// EndlessReadTarget, it is suitable for infinite transfers from or to ring buffers. Note that
    /// ring buffers designated for endless transfers, but with a finite buffer size, should return
    /// the size of their individual buffers here.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// This function has the same safety guarantees as `ReadBuffer::read_buffer`.
    fn rx_address_count(&self) -> (u32, u32);

    /// Returns whether the address shall be incremented after each transfer.
    fn rx_increment(&self) -> bool;
}

/// Marker which signals that `rx_address_count()` can be called multiple times.
///
/// The DMA code will never call `rx_address_count()` to request more than two buffers to configure
/// two DMA channels. In the case of peripherals, the function can always return the same values.
pub trait EndlessReadTarget: ReadTarget {}

/// Safety: ReadBuffer and ReadTarget have the same safety requirements.
unsafe impl<B: ReadBuffer> ReadTarget for B {
    type ReceivedWord = <B as ReadBuffer>::Word;

    fn rx_treq() -> Option<u8> {
        None
    }

    fn rx_address_count(&self) -> (u32, u32) {
        let (ptr, len) = unsafe { self.read_buffer() };
        (ptr as u32, len as u32)
    }

    fn rx_increment(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

/// Trait which is implemented by anything that can be written via DMA.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// The implementing type must be safe to use for DMA writes. This means:
///
/// - The range returned by tx_address_count must point to a valid address,
///   and if tx_increment is true, count must fit into the allocated buffer.
/// - As long as no other `&mut self` method is called on the implementing object:
///   - `tx_address_count` must always return the same value, if called multiple
///     times.
///   - The memory specified by the pointer and size returned by `tx_address_count`
///     must not be freed during the transfer it is used in as long as `self` is not dropped.
pub unsafe trait WriteTarget {
    /// Type which is transferred in a single DMA transfer.
    type TransmittedWord;

    /// Returns the DREQ number for this data sink (`None` for memory buffers).
    fn tx_treq() -> Option<u8>;

    /// Returns the address and the maximum number of words that can be transferred from this data
    /// source in a single DMA operation.
    ///
    /// See `ReadTarget::rx_address_count` for a complete description of the semantics of this
    /// function.
    fn tx_address_count(&mut self) -> (u32, u32);

    /// Returns whether the address shall be incremented after each transfer.
    fn tx_increment(&self) -> bool;
}

/// Marker which signals that `tx_address_count()` can be called multiple times.
///
/// The DMA code will never call `tx_address_count()` to request more than two buffers to configure
/// two DMA channels. In the case of peripherals, the function can always return the same values.
pub trait EndlessWriteTarget: WriteTarget {}

/// Safety: WriteBuffer and WriteTarget have the same safety requirements.
unsafe impl<B: WriteBuffer> WriteTarget for B {
    type TransmittedWord = <B as WriteBuffer>::Word;

    fn tx_treq() -> Option<u8> {
        None
    }

    fn tx_address_count(&mut self) -> (u32, u32) {
        let (ptr, len) = unsafe { self.write_buffer() };
        (ptr as u32, len as u32)
    }

    fn tx_increment(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

/// Pacing for DMA transfers.
///
/// Generally, while memory-to-memory DMA transfers can operate at maximum possible throughput,
/// transfers involving peripherals commonly have to wait for data to be available or for available
/// space in write queues. This type defines whether the sink or the source shall pace the transfer
/// for peripheral-to-peripheral transfers.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
pub enum Pace {
    /// The DREQ signal from the source is used, if available. If not, the sink's DREQ signal is
    /// used.
    PreferSource,
    /// The DREQ signal from the sink is used, if available. If not, the source's DREQ signal is
    /// used.
    PreferSink,
    // TODO: Timers?
}

/// Error during DMA configuration.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
pub enum DMAError {
    /// Buffers were not aligned to their size even though they needed to be.
    Alignment,
    /// An illegal configuration (i.e., buffer sizes not suitable for a memory-to-memory transfer)
    /// was specified.
    IllegalConfig,
}