Crate rattish

rattish enables dynamic casting between different trait objects.

This functionality requires runtime type information that isn’t automatically created by the Rust compiler and so must be generated manually.

rattish is presently only experimental, and depends on unstable compiler features including generic_associated_types, ptr_metadata and unsize; once_cell is used by DB (enabled by the global feature). Accordingly, a nightly toolchain is required.

Example

#![feature(generic_associated_types, once_cell)]

use rattish::{coercible_trait, rtti_global, GlobalDynCast};
use std::{any::Any, cell::RefCell, fmt, rc::Rc};

// Casting from an object of trait Foo requires Foo to have
// super-trait Any..
trait Foo: Any {}
// ..and that Foo implements both Coercible and InnermostTypeId,
// for which there is a macro:
coercible_trait!(Foo);

// Casting to an object of trait Bar does not require anything
// special..
trait Bar {
    fn double(&self) -> i32;
}

struct Qux(i32);
impl Foo for Qux {}
impl Bar for Qux {
    fn double(&self) -> i32 {
        self.0 * 2
    }
}

fn main() {
    // ..except that Bar must be registered in the database with
    // each implementing (concrete) type that might underlie a
    // dynamic cast to one of its objects
    rtti_global! {
        Bar: Qux,

        // example of another trait with multiple implementations
        fmt::LowerExp: f32 i32 u32,
    }

    // Casting works transitively through any Coercible type.
    // Implementations are provided for all standard pointer and
    // wrapper types; here, for example, are Rc and RefCell:
    let foo: Rc<RefCell<dyn Foo>> = Rc::new(RefCell::new(Qux(123)));

    // Explicit type annotation not required; only shown here to
    // prove that we actually get an Rc<RefCell<dyn Bar>>
    let bar: Rc<RefCell<dyn Bar>>
        = foo.dyn_cast::<dyn Bar>().ok().unwrap();

    // Lo!  We have indeed casted between trait objects.
    assert_eq!(bar.borrow().double(), 246);

    // Enjoy that?  Have another, just for fun:
    let float: &dyn Any = &876.543f32;
    let exp = float.dyn_cast::<dyn fmt::LowerExp>().ok().unwrap();
    assert_eq!(format!("{:e}", exp), "8.76543e2");
}

Extending rattish to additional pointer/wrapper types

You will need to implement Coercible and InnermostTypeId for your type; and also Pointer if your type is a pointer-type (that is, if it is Sized + Deref).

Modules

container

Traits that describe types that inherit Pointee::Metadata from a contained type, and how to coerce them.

db

A database for runtime type information.

Macros

coercible_trait

Implement Coercible for the given trait, in order to be able to cast from objects of that trait (requires that the trait have Any as a super-trait).

rttistd

Evaluates to a newly instantiated HashMapTypeDatabase, initialized with the provided entries.

rtti_globalglobal

Instantiates the global DB with the provided entries.

Traits

DynCast

A type that can be dynamically cast.

DynImplements

A type whose implementations can be dynamically determined.

GlobalDynCastglobal

A type that can be dynamically cast using the global DB.

GlobalDynImplementsglobal

A type whose implementations can be dynamically determined using the global DB.