// Copyright 2019 TiKV Project Authors. Licensed under Apache-2.0.

// Copyright 2015 The etcd Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

mod inflights;
mod progress;
mod state;

pub use self::inflights::Inflights;
pub use self::progress::Progress;
pub use self::state::ProgressState;

use crate::confchange::{MapChange, MapChangeType};
use crate::eraftpb::ConfState;
use crate::quorum::{AckedIndexer, Index, VoteResult};
use crate::{DefaultHashBuilder, HashMap, HashSet, JointConfig};
use getset::Getters;
use std::fmt::Debug;

/// Config reflects the configuration tracked in a ProgressTracker.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Getters)]
pub struct Configuration {
    #[get = "pub"]
    pub(crate) voters: JointConfig,
    /// Learners is a set of IDs corresponding to the learners active in the
    /// current configuration.
    ///
    /// Invariant: Learners and Voters does not intersect, i.e. if a peer is in
    /// either half of the joint config, it can't be a learner; if it is a
    /// learner it can't be in either half of the joint config. This invariant
    /// simplifies the implementation since it allows peers to have clarity about
    /// its current role without taking into account joint consensus.
    #[get = "pub"]
    pub(crate) learners: HashSet<u64>,
    /// When we turn a voter into a learner during a joint consensus transition,
    /// we cannot add the learner directly when entering the joint state. This is
    /// because this would violate the invariant that the intersection of
    /// voters and learners is empty. For example, assume a Voter is removed and
    /// immediately re-added as a learner (or in other words, it is demoted):
    ///
    /// Initially, the configuration will be
    ///
    ///   voters:   {1 2 3}
    ///   learners: {}
    ///
    /// and we want to demote 3. Entering the joint configuration, we naively get
    ///
    ///   voters:   {1 2} & {1 2 3}
    ///   learners: {3}
    ///
    /// but this violates the invariant (3 is both voter and learner). Instead,
    /// we get
    ///
    ///   voters:   {1 2} & {1 2 3}
    ///   learners: {}
    ///   next_learners: {3}
    ///
    /// Where 3 is now still purely a voter, but we are remembering the intention
    /// to make it a learner upon transitioning into the final configuration:
    ///
    ///   voters:   {1 2}
    ///   learners: {3}
    ///   next_learners: {}
    ///
    /// Note that next_learners is not used while adding a learner that is not
    /// also a voter in the joint config. In this case, the learner is added
    /// right away when entering the joint configuration, so that it is caught up
    /// as soon as possible.
    #[get = "pub"]
    pub(crate) learners_next: HashSet<u64>,
    /// True if the configuration is joint and a transition to the incoming
    /// configuration should be carried out automatically by Raft when this is
    /// possible. If false, the configuration will be joint until the application
    /// initiates the transition manually.
    #[get = "pub"]
    pub(crate) auto_leave: bool,
}

// Display and crate::itertools used only for test
#[cfg(test)]
impl std::fmt::Display for Configuration {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        use itertools::Itertools;
        if self.voters.outgoing.is_empty() {
            write!(f, "voters={}", self.voters.incoming)?
        } else {
            write!(
                f,
                "voters={}&&{}",
                self.voters.incoming, self.voters.outgoing
            )?
        }
        if !self.learners.is_empty() {
            write!(
                f,
                " learners=({})",
                self.learners
                    .iter()
                    .sorted_by(|&a, &b| a.cmp(b))
                    .map(|x| x.to_string())
                    .collect::<Vec<String>>()
                    .join(" ")
            )?
        }
        if !self.learners_next.is_empty() {
            write!(
                f,
                " learners_next=({})",
                self.learners_next
                    .iter()
                    .map(|x| x.to_string())
                    .collect::<Vec<String>>()
                    .join(" ")
            )?
        }
        if self.auto_leave {
            write!(f, " autoleave")?
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl Configuration {
    /// Create a new configuration with the given configuration.
    pub fn new(
        voters: impl IntoIterator<Item = u64>,
        learners: impl IntoIterator<Item = u64>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            voters: JointConfig::new(voters.into_iter().collect()),
            auto_leave: false,
            learners: learners.into_iter().collect(),
            learners_next: HashSet::default(),
        }
    }

    fn with_capacity(voters: usize, learners: usize) -> Self {
        Self {
            voters: JointConfig::with_capacity(voters),
            learners: HashSet::with_capacity_and_hasher(learners, DefaultHashBuilder::default()),
            learners_next: HashSet::default(),
            auto_leave: false,
        }
    }

    /// Create a new `ConfState` from the configuration itself.
    pub fn to_conf_state(&self) -> ConfState {
        // Note: Different from etcd, we don't sort.
        let mut state = ConfState::default();
        state.set_voters(self.voters.incoming.raw_slice());
        state.set_voters_outgoing(self.voters.outgoing.raw_slice());
        state.set_learners(self.learners.iter().cloned().collect());
        state.set_learners_next(self.learners_next.iter().cloned().collect());
        state.auto_leave = self.auto_leave;
        state
    }

    fn clear(&mut self) {
        self.voters.clear();
        self.learners.clear();
        self.learners_next.clear();
        self.auto_leave = false;
    }
}

pub type ProgressMap = HashMap<u64, Progress>;

impl AckedIndexer for ProgressMap {
    fn acked_index(&self, voter_id: u64) -> Option<Index> {
        self.get(&voter_id).map(|p| Index {
            index: p.matched,
            group_id: p.commit_group_id,
        })
    }
}

/// `ProgressTracker` contains several `Progress`es,
/// which could be `Leader`, `Follower` and `Learner`.
#[derive(Clone, Getters)]
pub struct ProgressTracker {
    progress: ProgressMap,

    /// The current configuration state of the cluster.
    #[get = "pub"]
    conf: Configuration,
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[get = "pub"]
    votes: HashMap<u64, bool>,
    #[get = "pub(crate)"]
    max_inflight: usize,

    group_commit: bool,
}

impl ProgressTracker {
    /// Creates a new ProgressTracker.
    pub fn new(max_inflight: usize) -> Self {
        Self::with_capacity(0, 0, max_inflight)
    }

    /// Create a progress set with the specified sizes already reserved.
    pub fn with_capacity(voters: usize, learners: usize, max_inflight: usize) -> Self {
        ProgressTracker {
            progress: HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(
                voters + learners,
                DefaultHashBuilder::default(),
            ),
            conf: Configuration::with_capacity(voters, learners),
            votes: HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(voters, DefaultHashBuilder::default()),
            max_inflight,
            group_commit: false,
        }
    }

    /// Configures group commit.
    pub fn enable_group_commit(&mut self, enable: bool) {
        self.group_commit = enable;
    }

    /// Whether enable group commit.
    pub fn group_commit(&self) -> bool {
        self.group_commit
    }

    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
        self.progress.clear();
        self.conf.clear();
        self.votes.clear();
    }

    /// Returns true if (and only if) there is only one voting member
    /// (i.e. the leader) in the current configuration.
    pub fn is_singleton(&self) -> bool {
        self.conf.voters.is_singleton()
    }

    /// Grabs a reference to the progress of a node.
    #[inline]
    pub fn get(&self, id: u64) -> Option<&Progress> {
        self.progress.get(&id)
    }

    /// Grabs a mutable reference to the progress of a node.
    #[inline]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self, id: u64) -> Option<&mut Progress> {
        self.progress.get_mut(&id)
    }

    /// Returns an iterator across all the nodes and their progress.
    ///
    /// **Note:** Do not use this for majority/quorum calculation. The Raft node may be
    /// transitioning to a new configuration and have two qourums. Use `has_quorum` instead.
    #[inline]
    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl ExactSizeIterator<Item = (&u64, &Progress)> {
        self.progress.iter()
    }

    /// Returns a mutable iterator across all the nodes and their progress.
    ///
    /// **Note:** Do not use this for majority/quorum calculation. The Raft node may be
    /// transitioning to a new configuration and have two qourums. Use `has_quorum` instead.
    #[inline]
    pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> impl ExactSizeIterator<Item = (&u64, &mut Progress)> {
        self.progress.iter_mut()
    }

    /// Returns the maximal committed index for the cluster. The bool flag indicates whether
    /// the index is computed by group commit algorithm successfully.
    ///
    /// Eg. If the matched indexes are `[2,2,2,4,5]`, it will return `2`.
    /// If the matched indexes and groups are `[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 2)]`, it will return `1`.
    pub fn maximal_committed_index(&mut self) -> (u64, bool) {
        self.conf
            .voters
            .committed_index(self.group_commit, &self.progress)
    }

    /// Prepares for a new round of vote counting via recordVote.
    pub fn reset_votes(&mut self) {
        self.votes.clear();
    }

    /// Records that the node with the given id voted for this Raft
    /// instance if v == true (and declined it otherwise).
    pub fn record_vote(&mut self, id: u64, vote: bool) {
        self.votes.entry(id).or_insert(vote);
    }

    /// TallyVotes returns the number of granted and rejected Votes, and whether the
    /// election outcome is known.
    pub fn tally_votes(&self) -> (usize, usize, VoteResult) {
        // Make sure to populate granted/rejected correctly even if the Votes slice
        // contains members no longer part of the configuration. This doesn't really
        // matter in the way the numbers are used (they're informational), but might
        // as well get it right.
        let (mut granted, mut rejected) = (0, 0);
        for (id, vote) in &self.votes {
            if !self.conf.voters.contains(*id) {
                continue;
            }
            if *vote {
                granted += 1;
            } else {
                rejected += 1;
            }
        }
        let result = self.vote_result(&self.votes);
        (granted, rejected, result)
    }

    /// Returns the Candidate's eligibility in the current election.
    ///
    /// If it is still eligible, it should continue polling nodes and checking.
    /// Eventually, the election will result in this returning either `Elected`
    /// or `Ineligible`, meaning the election can be concluded.
    pub fn vote_result(&self, votes: &HashMap<u64, bool>) -> VoteResult {
        self.conf.voters.vote_result(|id| votes.get(&id).cloned())
    }

    /// Determines if the current quorum is active according to the this raft node.
    /// Doing this will set the `recent_active` of each peer to false.
    ///
    /// This should only be called by the leader.
    pub fn quorum_recently_active(&mut self, perspective_of: u64) -> bool {
        let mut active =
            HashSet::with_capacity_and_hasher(self.progress.len(), DefaultHashBuilder::default());
        for (id, pr) in &mut self.progress {
            if *id == perspective_of {
                pr.recent_active = true;
                active.insert(*id);
            } else if pr.recent_active {
                // It doesn't matter whether it's learner. As we calculate quorum
                // by actual ids instead of count.
                active.insert(*id);
                pr.recent_active = false;
            }
        }
        self.has_quorum(&active)
    }

    /// Determine if a quorum is formed from the given set of nodes.
    ///
    /// This is the only correct way to verify you have reached a quorum for the whole group.
    #[inline]
    pub fn has_quorum(&self, potential_quorum: &HashSet<u64>) -> bool {
        self.conf
            .voters
            .vote_result(|id| potential_quorum.get(&id).map(|_| true))
            == VoteResult::Won
    }

    #[inline]
    pub(crate) fn progress(&self) -> &ProgressMap {
        &self.progress
    }

    /// Applies configuration and updates progress map to match the configuration.
    pub fn apply_conf(&mut self, conf: Configuration, changes: MapChange, next_idx: u64) {
        self.conf = conf;
        for (id, change_type) in changes {
            match change_type {
                MapChangeType::Add => {
                    let mut pr = Progress::new(next_idx, self.max_inflight);
                    // When a node is first added, we should mark it as recently active.
                    // Otherwise, CheckQuorum may cause us to step down if it is invoked
                    // before the added node has had a chance to communicate with us.
                    pr.recent_active = true;
                    self.progress.insert(id, pr);
                }
                MapChangeType::Remove => {
                    self.progress.remove(&id);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}