// Miniscript
// Written in 2020 by
//     Dr Maxim Orlovsky <orlovsky@pandoracore.com>
//
// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all
// copyright and related and neighboring rights to this software to
// the public domain worldwide. This software is distributed without
// any warranty.
//
// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication
// along with this software.
// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
//

//! Miniscript Iterators
//!
//! Iterators for Miniscript with special functions for iterating
//! over Public Keys, Public Key Hashes or both.
use core::ops::Deref;

use sync::Arc;

use super::decode::Terminal;
use super::{Miniscript, MiniscriptKey, ScriptContext};
use crate::prelude::*;

/// Iterator-related extensions for [Miniscript]
impl<Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> Miniscript<Pk, Ctx> {
    /// Creates a new [Iter] iterator that will iterate over all [Miniscript] items within
    /// AST by traversing its branches. For the specific algorithm please see
    /// [Iter::next] function.
    pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<Pk, Ctx> {
        Iter::new(self)
    }

    /// Creates a new [PkIter] iterator that will iterate over all plain public keys (and not
    /// key hash values) present in [Miniscript] items within AST by traversing all its branches.
    /// For the specific algorithm please see [PkIter::next] function.
    pub fn iter_pk(&self) -> PkIter<Pk, Ctx> {
        PkIter::new(self)
    }

    /// Enumerates all child nodes of the current AST node (`self`) and returns a `Vec` referencing
    /// them.
    pub fn branches(&self) -> Vec<&Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>> {
        match self.node {
            Terminal::PkK(_) | Terminal::PkH(_) | Terminal::RawPkH(_) | Terminal::Multi(_, _) => {
                vec![]
            }

            Terminal::Alt(ref node)
            | Terminal::Swap(ref node)
            | Terminal::Check(ref node)
            | Terminal::DupIf(ref node)
            | Terminal::Verify(ref node)
            | Terminal::NonZero(ref node)
            | Terminal::ZeroNotEqual(ref node) => vec![node],

            Terminal::AndV(ref node1, ref node2)
            | Terminal::AndB(ref node1, ref node2)
            | Terminal::OrB(ref node1, ref node2)
            | Terminal::OrD(ref node1, ref node2)
            | Terminal::OrC(ref node1, ref node2)
            | Terminal::OrI(ref node1, ref node2) => vec![node1, node2],

            Terminal::AndOr(ref node1, ref node2, ref node3) => vec![node1, node2, node3],

            Terminal::Thresh(_, ref node_vec) => node_vec.iter().map(Arc::deref).collect(),

            _ => vec![],
        }
    }

    /// Returns child node with given index, if any
    pub fn get_nth_child(&self, n: usize) -> Option<&Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>> {
        match (n, &self.node) {
            (0, &Terminal::Alt(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::Swap(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::Check(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::DupIf(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::Verify(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::NonZero(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::ZeroNotEqual(ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::AndV(ref node, _))
            | (0, &Terminal::AndB(ref node, _))
            | (0, &Terminal::OrB(ref node, _))
            | (0, &Terminal::OrD(ref node, _))
            | (0, &Terminal::OrC(ref node, _))
            | (0, &Terminal::OrI(ref node, _))
            | (1, &Terminal::AndV(_, ref node))
            | (1, &Terminal::AndB(_, ref node))
            | (1, &Terminal::OrB(_, ref node))
            | (1, &Terminal::OrD(_, ref node))
            | (1, &Terminal::OrC(_, ref node))
            | (1, &Terminal::OrI(_, ref node))
            | (0, &Terminal::AndOr(ref node, _, _))
            | (1, &Terminal::AndOr(_, ref node, _))
            | (2, &Terminal::AndOr(_, _, ref node)) => Some(node),

            (n, &Terminal::Thresh(_, ref node_vec)) => node_vec.get(n).map(|x| &**x),

            _ => None,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `Option::Some` with cloned n'th public key from the current miniscript item,
    /// if any. Otherwise returns `Option::None`.
    ///
    /// NB: The function analyzes only single miniscript item and not any of its descendants in AST.
    pub fn get_nth_pk(&self, n: usize) -> Option<Pk> {
        match (&self.node, n) {
            (&Terminal::PkK(ref key), 0) | (&Terminal::PkH(ref key), 0) => Some(key.clone()),
            (&Terminal::Multi(_, ref keys), _) | (&Terminal::MultiA(_, ref keys), _) => {
                keys.get(n).cloned()
            }
            _ => None,
        }
    }
}

/// Iterator for traversing all [Miniscript] miniscript AST references starting from some specific
/// node which constructs the iterator via [Miniscript::iter] method.
pub struct Iter<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> {
    next: Option<&'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>>,
    // Here we store vec of path elements, where each element is a tuple, consisting of:
    // 1. Miniscript node on the path
    // 2. Index of the current branch
    path: Vec<(&'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>, usize)>,
}

impl<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> Iter<'a, Pk, Ctx> {
    fn new(miniscript: &'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>) -> Self {
        Iter {
            next: Some(miniscript),
            path: vec![],
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> Iterator for Iter<'a, Pk, Ctx> {
    type Item = &'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>;

    /// First, the function returns `self`, then the first child of the self (if any),
    /// then proceeds to the child of the child — down to a leaf of the tree in its first branch.
    /// When the leaf is reached, it goes in the reverse direction on the same branch until it
    /// founds a first branching node that had more than a single branch and returns it, traversing
    /// it with the same algorithm again.
    ///
    /// For example, for the given AST
    /// ```text
    /// A --+--> B -----> C --+--> D -----> E
    ///     |                 |
    ///     |                 +--> F
    ///     |                 |
    ///     |                 +--> G --+--> H
    ///     |                          |
    ///     |                          +--> I -----> J
    ///     +--> K
    /// ```
    /// `Iter::next()` will iterate over the nodes in the following order:
    /// `A > B > C > D > E > F > G > H > I > J > K`
    ///
    /// To enumerate the branches iterator uses [Miniscript::branches] function.
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        let mut curr = self.next;
        if curr.is_none() {
            while let Some((node, child)) = self.path.pop() {
                curr = node.get_nth_child(child);
                if curr.is_some() {
                    self.path.push((node, child + 1));
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if let Some(node) = curr {
            self.next = node.get_nth_child(0);
            self.path.push((node, 1));
        }
        curr
    }
}

/// Iterator for traversing all [MiniscriptKey]'s in AST starting from some specific node which
/// constructs the iterator via [Miniscript::iter_pk] method.
pub struct PkIter<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> {
    node_iter: Iter<'a, Pk, Ctx>,
    curr_node: Option<&'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>>,
    key_index: usize,
}

impl<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> PkIter<'a, Pk, Ctx> {
    fn new(miniscript: &'a Miniscript<Pk, Ctx>) -> Self {
        let mut iter = Iter::new(miniscript);
        PkIter {
            curr_node: iter.next(),
            node_iter: iter,
            key_index: 0,
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, Pk: MiniscriptKey, Ctx: ScriptContext> Iterator for PkIter<'a, Pk, Ctx> {
    type Item = Pk;

    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        loop {
            match self.curr_node {
                None => break None,
                Some(node) => match node.get_nth_pk(self.key_index) {
                    None => {
                        self.curr_node = self.node_iter.next();
                        self.key_index = 0;
                        continue;
                    }
                    Some(pk) => {
                        self.key_index += 1;
                        break Some(pk);
                    }
                },
            }
        }
    }
}

// Module is public since it export testcase generation which may be used in
// dependent libraries for their own tasts based on Miniscript AST
#[cfg(test)]
pub mod test {
    use bitcoin;
    use bitcoin::hashes::{hash160, ripemd160, sha256, sha256d, Hash};
    use bitcoin::secp256k1;

    use super::Miniscript;
    use crate::miniscript::context::Segwitv0;

    pub type TestData = (
        Miniscript<bitcoin::PublicKey, Segwitv0>,
        Vec<bitcoin::PublicKey>,
        Vec<hash160::Hash>,
        bool, // Indicates that the top-level contains public key or hashes
    );

    pub fn gen_secp_pubkeys(n: usize) -> Vec<secp256k1::PublicKey> {
        let mut ret = Vec::with_capacity(n);
        let secp = secp256k1::Secp256k1::new();
        let mut sk = [0; 32];

        for i in 1..n + 1 {
            sk[0] = i as u8;
            sk[1] = (i >> 8) as u8;
            sk[2] = (i >> 16) as u8;

            ret.push(secp256k1::PublicKey::from_secret_key(
                &secp,
                &secp256k1::SecretKey::from_slice(&sk[..]).unwrap(),
            ));
        }
        ret
    }

    pub fn gen_bitcoin_pubkeys(n: usize, compressed: bool) -> Vec<bitcoin::PublicKey> {
        gen_secp_pubkeys(n)
            .into_iter()
            .map(|inner| bitcoin::PublicKey { inner, compressed })
            .collect()
    }

    pub fn gen_testcases() -> Vec<TestData> {
        let k = gen_bitcoin_pubkeys(10, true);
        let _h: Vec<hash160::Hash> = k
            .iter()
            .map(|pk| hash160::Hash::hash(&pk.to_bytes()))
            .collect();

        let preimage = vec![0xab as u8; 32];
        let sha256_hash = sha256::Hash::hash(&preimage);
        let sha256d_hash_rev = sha256d::Hash::hash(&preimage);
        let mut sha256d_hash_bytes = sha256d_hash_rev.clone().into_inner();
        sha256d_hash_bytes.reverse();
        let sha256d_hash = sha256d::Hash::from_inner(sha256d_hash_bytes);
        let hash160_hash = hash160::Hash::hash(&preimage);
        let ripemd160_hash = ripemd160::Hash::hash(&preimage);

        vec![
            (ms_str!("after({})", 1000), vec![], vec![], false),
            (ms_str!("older({})", 1000), vec![], vec![], false),
            (ms_str!("sha256({})", sha256_hash), vec![], vec![], false),
            (ms_str!("hash256({})", sha256d_hash), vec![], vec![], false),
            (ms_str!("hash160({})", hash160_hash), vec![], vec![], false),
            (
                ms_str!("ripemd160({})", ripemd160_hash),
                vec![],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (ms_str!("c:pk_k({})", k[0]), vec![k[0]], vec![], true),
            (ms_str!("c:pk_h({})", k[0]), vec![k[0]], vec![], true),
            (
                ms_str!("and_v(vc:pk_k({}),c:pk_h({}))", k[0], k[1]),
                vec![k[0], k[1]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!("and_b(c:pk_k({}),sjtv:sha256({}))", k[0], sha256_hash),
                vec![k[0]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!(
                    "andor(c:pk_k({}),jtv:sha256({}),c:pk_h({}))",
                    k[1],
                    sha256_hash,
                    k[2]
                ),
                vec![k[1], k[2]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!("multi(3,{},{},{},{},{})", k[9], k[8], k[7], k[0], k[1]),
                vec![k[9], k[8], k[7], k[0], k[1]],
                vec![],
                true,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!(
                    "thresh(3,c:pk_k({}),sc:pk_k({}),sc:pk_k({}),sc:pk_k({}),sc:pk_k({}))",
                    k[2],
                    k[3],
                    k[4],
                    k[5],
                    k[6]
                ),
                vec![k[2], k[3], k[4], k[5], k[6]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!(
                    "or_d(multi(2,{},{}),and_v(v:multi(2,{},{}),older(10000)))",
                    k[6],
                    k[7],
                    k[8],
                    k[9]
                ),
                vec![k[6], k[7], k[8], k[9]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
            (
                ms_str!(
                    "or_d(multi(3,{},{},{},{},{}),\
                      and_v(v:thresh(2,c:pk_h({}),\
                      ac:pk_h({}),ac:pk_h({})),older(10000)))",
                    k[0],
                    k[2],
                    k[4],
                    k[6],
                    k[9],
                    k[1],
                    k[3],
                    k[5]
                ),
                vec![k[0], k[2], k[4], k[6], k[9], k[1], k[3], k[5]],
                vec![],
                false,
            ),
        ]
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_keys() {
        gen_testcases().into_iter().for_each(|(ms, k, _, _)| {
            assert_eq!(ms.iter_pk().collect::<Vec<bitcoin::PublicKey>>(), k);
        })
    }
}