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//! The purpose of this library is to provide an OpenGL context on as many platforms as possible.
//!
//! # Building a GlWindow
//!
//! A `GlWindow` is composed of a `Window` and an OpenGL `Context`. Due to some
//! operating-system-specific quirks, glutin requires control over the order of creation of the
//! `Context` and `Window`. Here is an example of building a GlWindow:
//!
//! ```no_run
//! # extern crate glutin;
//! # fn main() {
//! let events_loop = glutin::EventsLoop::new();
//! let window = glutin::WindowBuilder::new()
//! .with_title("Hello world!")
//! .with_dimensions(1024, 768);
//! let context = glutin::ContextBuilder::new();
//! let gl_window = glutin::GlWindow::new(window, context, &events_loop).unwrap();
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! For contexts that are *not* associated with any particular window, see the HeadlessContext
//! type.
//!
//! # Features
//!
//! This crate has two Cargo features: `window` and `headless`.
//!
//! - `window` allows you to create regular windows and enables the `WindowBuilder` object.
//! - `headless` allows you to do headless rendering, and enables
//! the `HeadlessRendererBuilder` object.
//!
//! By default only `window` is enabled.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[macro_use]
extern crate lazy_static;
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "dragonfly", target_os = "freebsd", target_os = "openbsd"))]
#[macro_use]
extern crate shared_library;
extern crate libc;
extern crate winit;
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
extern crate winapi;
#[cfg(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"))]
#[macro_use]
extern crate objc;
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
extern crate cgl;
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
extern crate cocoa;
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
extern crate core_foundation;
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
extern crate core_graphics;
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "freebsd", target_os = "dragonfly", target_os = "openbsd"))]
extern crate x11_dl;
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "freebsd", target_os = "dragonfly", target_os = "openbsd"))]
extern crate wayland_client;
pub use headless::{HeadlessRendererBuilder, HeadlessContext};
pub use winit::{AvailableMonitorsIter, AxisId, ButtonId, ControlFlow,
CreationError as WindowCreationError, CursorState, DeviceEvent, DeviceId,
ElementState, Event, EventsLoop, EventsLoopClosed, EventsLoopProxy,
KeyboardInput, ModifiersState,
MonitorId, MouseButton, MouseCursor, MouseScrollDelta, ScanCode,
Touch, TouchPhase, VirtualKeyCode, Window, WindowAttributes, WindowBuilder,
WindowEvent, WindowId};
use std::io;
mod api;
mod platform;
mod headless;
pub mod os;
/// A trait for types associated with a GL context.
pub trait GlContext {
/// Sets the context as the current context.
unsafe fn make_current(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError>;
/// Returns true if this context is the current one in this thread.
fn is_current(&self) -> bool;
/// Returns the address of an OpenGL function.
fn get_proc_address(&self, addr: &str) -> *const ();
/// Swaps the buffers in case of double or triple buffering.
///
/// You should call this function every time you have finished rendering, or the image may not
/// be displayed on the screen.
///
/// **Warning**: if you enabled vsync, this function will block until the next time the screen
/// is refreshed. However drivers can choose to override your vsync settings, which means that
/// you can't know in advance whether `swap_buffers` will block or not.
fn swap_buffers(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError>;
/// Returns the OpenGL API being used.
fn get_api(&self) -> Api;
/// Returns the pixel format of the main framebuffer of the context.
fn get_pixel_format(&self) -> PixelFormat;
/// Resize the GL context.
///
/// Some platforms (macos, wayland) require being manually updated when their window or
/// surface is resized.
///
/// The easiest way of doing this is to call this method for each `Resized` window event that
/// is received with the width and height given by the event.
fn resize(&self, width: u32, height: u32);
}
/// Represents an OpenGL context.
///
/// A `Context` is normally associated with a single Window, however `Context`s can be *shared*
/// between multiple windows.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```no_run
/// # extern crate glutin;
/// # use glutin::GlContext;
/// # fn main() {
/// # let events_loop = glutin::EventsLoop::new();
/// # let window = glutin::WindowBuilder::new();
/// # let context = glutin::ContextBuilder::new();
/// # let some_gl_window = glutin::GlWindow::new(window, context, &events_loop).unwrap();
/// let context = glutin::ContextBuilder::new()
/// .with_vsync(true)
/// .with_multisampling(8)
/// .with_shared_lists(some_gl_window.context());
/// # }
/// ```
pub struct Context {
context: platform::Context,
}
/// Object that allows you to build `Context`s.
pub struct ContextBuilder<'a> {
/// The attributes to use to create the context.
pub gl_attr: GlAttributes<&'a Context>,
// Should be made public once it's stabilized.
pf_reqs: PixelFormatRequirements,
}
/// Represents an OpenGL context and a Window with which it is associated.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```no_run
/// # extern crate glutin;
/// # use glutin::GlContext;
/// # fn main() {
/// let mut events_loop = glutin::EventsLoop::new();
/// let window = glutin::WindowBuilder::new();
/// let context = glutin::ContextBuilder::new();
/// let gl_window = glutin::GlWindow::new(window, context, &events_loop).unwrap();
///
/// unsafe { gl_window.make_current().unwrap() };
///
/// loop {
/// events_loop.poll_events(|event| {
/// match event {
/// // process events here
/// _ => ()
/// }
/// });
///
/// // draw everything here
///
/// gl_window.swap_buffers();
/// std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(17));
/// }
/// # }
/// ```
pub struct GlWindow {
context: Context,
window: Window,
}
impl<'a> ContextBuilder<'a> {
/// Initializes a new `ContextBuilder` with default values.
pub fn new() -> Self {
ContextBuilder {
pf_reqs: std::default::Default::default(),
gl_attr: std::default::Default::default(),
}
}
/// Sets how the backend should choose the OpenGL API and version.
#[inline]
pub fn with_gl(mut self, request: GlRequest) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.version = request;
self
}
/// Sets the desired OpenGL context profile.
#[inline]
pub fn with_gl_profile(mut self, profile: GlProfile) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.profile = Some(profile);
self
}
/// Sets the *debug* flag for the OpenGL context.
///
/// The default value for this flag is `cfg!(debug_assertions)`, which means that it's enabled
/// when you run `cargo build` and disabled when you run `cargo build --release`.
#[inline]
pub fn with_gl_debug_flag(mut self, flag: bool) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.debug = flag;
self
}
/// Sets the robustness of the OpenGL context. See the docs of `Robustness`.
#[inline]
pub fn with_gl_robustness(mut self, robustness: Robustness) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.robustness = robustness;
self
}
/// Requests that the window has vsync enabled.
///
/// By default, vsync is not enabled.
#[inline]
pub fn with_vsync(mut self, vsync: bool) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.vsync = vsync;
self
}
/// Share the display lists with the given `Context`.
#[inline]
pub fn with_shared_lists(mut self, other: &'a Context) -> Self {
self.gl_attr.sharing = Some(other);
self
}
/// Sets the multisampling level to request. A value of `0` indicates that multisampling must
/// not be enabled.
///
/// # Panic
///
/// Will panic if `samples` is not a power of two.
#[inline]
pub fn with_multisampling(mut self, samples: u16) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.multisampling = match samples {
0 => None,
_ => {
assert!(samples.is_power_of_two());
Some(samples)
}
};
self
}
/// Sets the number of bits in the depth buffer.
#[inline]
pub fn with_depth_buffer(mut self, bits: u8) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.depth_bits = Some(bits);
self
}
/// Sets the number of bits in the stencil buffer.
#[inline]
pub fn with_stencil_buffer(mut self, bits: u8) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.stencil_bits = Some(bits);
self
}
/// Sets the number of bits in the color buffer.
#[inline]
pub fn with_pixel_format(mut self, color_bits: u8, alpha_bits: u8) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.color_bits = Some(color_bits);
self.pf_reqs.alpha_bits = Some(alpha_bits);
self
}
/// Request the backend to be stereoscopic.
#[inline]
pub fn with_stereoscopy(mut self) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.stereoscopy = true;
self
}
/// Sets whether sRGB should be enabled on the window.
///
/// The default value is `false`.
#[inline]
pub fn with_srgb(mut self, srgb_enabled: bool) -> Self {
self.pf_reqs.srgb = srgb_enabled;
self
}
}
impl GlWindow {
/// Builds the given window along with the associated GL context, returning the pair as a
/// `GlWindow`.
///
/// Error should be very rare and only occur in case of permission denied, incompatible system,
/// out of memory, etc.
pub fn new(
window_builder: WindowBuilder,
context_builder: ContextBuilder,
events_loop: &EventsLoop,
) -> Result<Self, CreationError>
{
let ContextBuilder { pf_reqs, gl_attr } = context_builder;
let gl_attr = gl_attr.map_sharing(|ctxt| &ctxt.context);
platform::Context::new(window_builder, events_loop, &pf_reqs, &gl_attr)
.map(|(window, context)| GlWindow {
window: window,
context: Context { context: context },
})
}
/// Borrow the inner `Window`.
pub fn window(&self) -> &Window {
&self.window
}
/// Borrow the inner GL `Context`.
pub fn context(&self) -> &Context {
&self.context
}
}
impl GlContext for Context {
unsafe fn make_current(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError> {
self.context.make_current()
}
fn is_current(&self) -> bool {
self.context.is_current()
}
fn get_proc_address(&self, addr: &str) -> *const () {
self.context.get_proc_address(addr)
}
fn swap_buffers(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError> {
self.context.swap_buffers()
}
fn get_api(&self) -> Api {
self.context.get_api()
}
fn get_pixel_format(&self) -> PixelFormat {
self.context.get_pixel_format()
}
fn resize(&self, width: u32, height: u32) {
self.context.resize(width, height);
}
}
impl GlContext for GlWindow {
unsafe fn make_current(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError> {
self.context.make_current()
}
fn is_current(&self) -> bool {
self.context.is_current()
}
fn get_proc_address(&self, addr: &str) -> *const () {
self.context.get_proc_address(addr)
}
fn swap_buffers(&self) -> Result<(), ContextError> {
self.context.swap_buffers()
}
fn get_api(&self) -> Api {
self.context.get_api()
}
fn get_pixel_format(&self) -> PixelFormat {
self.context.get_pixel_format()
}
fn resize(&self, width: u32, height: u32) {
self.context.resize(width, height);
}
}
impl std::ops::Deref for GlWindow {
type Target = Window;
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.window
}
}
/// Error that can happen while creating a window or a headless renderer.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum CreationError {
OsError(String),
/// TODO: remove this error
NotSupported(&'static str),
NoBackendAvailable(Box<std::error::Error + Send>),
RobustnessNotSupported,
OpenGlVersionNotSupported,
NoAvailablePixelFormat,
PlatformSpecific(String),
Window(WindowCreationError),
}
impl CreationError {
fn to_string(&self) -> &str {
match *self {
CreationError::OsError(ref text) => &text,
CreationError::NotSupported(text) => &text,
CreationError::NotSupported(_) => "Some of the requested attributes are not supported",
CreationError::NoBackendAvailable(_) => "No backend is available",
CreationError::RobustnessNotSupported => "You requested robustness, but it is \
not supported.",
CreationError::OpenGlVersionNotSupported => "The requested OpenGL version is not \
supported.",
CreationError::NoAvailablePixelFormat => "Couldn't find any pixel format that matches \
the criterias.",
CreationError::PlatformSpecific(ref text) => &text,
CreationError::Window(ref err) => std::error::Error::description(err),
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for CreationError {
fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), std::fmt::Error> {
formatter.write_str(self.to_string())?;
if let &CreationError::NotSupported(msg) = self {
write!(formatter, ": {}", msg)?;
}
if let Some(err) = std::error::Error::cause(self) {
write!(formatter, ": {}", err)?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl std::error::Error for CreationError {
fn description(&self) -> &str {
self.to_string()
}
fn cause(&self) -> Option<&std::error::Error> {
match *self {
CreationError::NoBackendAvailable(ref err) => Some(&**err),
CreationError::Window(ref err) => Some(err),
_ => None
}
}
}
impl From<WindowCreationError> for CreationError {
fn from(err: WindowCreationError) -> Self {
CreationError::Window(err)
}
}
/// Error that can happen when manipulating an OpenGL context.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum ContextError {
IoError(io::Error),
ContextLost,
}
impl ContextError {
fn to_string(&self) -> &str {
use std::error::Error;
match *self {
ContextError::IoError(ref err) => err.description(),
ContextError::ContextLost => "Context lost"
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for ContextError {
fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), std::fmt::Error> {
formatter.write_str(self.to_string())
}
}
impl std::error::Error for ContextError {
fn description(&self) -> &str {
self.to_string()
}
}
/// All APIs related to OpenGL that you can possibly get while using glutin.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Api {
/// The classical OpenGL. Available on Windows, Linux, OS/X.
OpenGl,
/// OpenGL embedded system. Available on Linux, Android.
OpenGlEs,
/// OpenGL for the web. Very similar to OpenGL ES.
WebGl,
}
/// Describes the requested OpenGL context profiles.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum GlProfile {
/// Include all the immediate more functions and definitions.
Compatibility,
/// Include all the future-compatible functions and definitions.
Core,
}
/// Describes the OpenGL API and version that are being requested when a context is created.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
pub enum GlRequest {
/// Request the latest version of the "best" API of this platform.
///
/// On desktop, will try OpenGL.
Latest,
/// Request a specific version of a specific API.
///
/// Example: `GlRequest::Specific(Api::OpenGl, (3, 3))`.
Specific(Api, (u8, u8)),
/// If OpenGL is available, create an OpenGL context with the specified `opengl_version`.
/// Else if OpenGL ES or WebGL is available, create a context with the
/// specified `opengles_version`.
GlThenGles {
/// The version to use for OpenGL.
opengl_version: (u8, u8),
/// The version to use for OpenGL ES.
opengles_version: (u8, u8),
},
}
impl GlRequest {
/// Extract the desktop GL version, if any.
pub fn to_gl_version(&self) -> Option<(u8, u8)> {
match self {
&GlRequest::Specific(Api::OpenGl, version) => Some(version),
&GlRequest::GlThenGles { opengl_version: version, .. } => Some(version),
_ => None,
}
}
}
/// The minimum core profile GL context. Useful for getting the minimum
/// required GL version while still running on OSX, which often forbids
/// the compatibility profile features.
pub static GL_CORE: GlRequest = GlRequest::Specific(Api::OpenGl, (3, 2));
/// Specifies the tolerance of the OpenGL context to faults. If you accept raw OpenGL commands
/// and/or raw shader code from an untrusted source, you should definitely care about this.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Robustness {
/// Not everything is checked. Your application can crash if you do something wrong with your
/// shaders.
NotRobust,
/// The driver doesn't check anything. This option is very dangerous. Please know what you're
/// doing before using it. See the `GL_KHR_no_error` extension.
///
/// Since this option is purely an optimisation, no error will be returned if the backend
/// doesn't support it. Instead it will automatically fall back to `NotRobust`.
NoError,
/// Everything is checked to avoid any crash. The driver will attempt to avoid any problem,
/// but if a problem occurs the behavior is implementation-defined. You are just guaranteed not
/// to get a crash.
RobustNoResetNotification,
/// Same as `RobustNoResetNotification` but the context creation doesn't fail if it's not
/// supported.
TryRobustNoResetNotification,
/// Everything is checked to avoid any crash. If a problem occurs, the context will enter a
/// "context lost" state. It must then be recreated. For the moment, glutin doesn't provide a
/// way to recreate a context with the same window :-/
RobustLoseContextOnReset,
/// Same as `RobustLoseContextOnReset` but the context creation doesn't fail if it's not
/// supported.
TryRobustLoseContextOnReset,
}
/// The behavior of the driver when you change the current context.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ReleaseBehavior {
/// Doesn't do anything. Most notably doesn't flush.
None,
/// Flushes the context that was previously current as if `glFlush` was called.
Flush,
}
/// Describes a possible format. Unused.
#[allow(missing_docs)]
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PixelFormat {
pub hardware_accelerated: bool,
pub color_bits: u8,
pub alpha_bits: u8,
pub depth_bits: u8,
pub stencil_bits: u8,
pub stereoscopy: bool,
pub double_buffer: bool,
pub multisampling: Option<u16>,
pub srgb: bool,
}
/// Describes how the backend should choose a pixel format.
// TODO: swap method? (swap, copy)
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct PixelFormatRequirements {
/// If true, only hardware-accelerated formats will be considered. If false, only software
/// renderers. `None` means "don't care". Default is `Some(true)`.
pub hardware_accelerated: Option<bool>,
/// Minimum number of bits for the color buffer, excluding alpha. `None` means "don't care".
/// The default is `Some(24)`.
pub color_bits: Option<u8>,
/// If true, the color buffer must be in a floating point format. Default is `false`.
///
/// Using floating points allows you to write values outside of the `[0.0, 1.0]` range.
pub float_color_buffer: bool,
/// Minimum number of bits for the alpha in the color buffer. `None` means "don't care".
/// The default is `Some(8)`.
pub alpha_bits: Option<u8>,
/// Minimum number of bits for the depth buffer. `None` means "don't care".
/// The default value is `Some(24)`.
pub depth_bits: Option<u8>,
/// Minimum number of bits for the depth buffer. `None` means "don't care".
/// The default value is `Some(8)`.
pub stencil_bits: Option<u8>,
/// If true, only double-buffered formats will be considered. If false, only single-buffer
/// formats. `None` means "don't care". The default is `Some(true)`.
pub double_buffer: Option<bool>,
/// Contains the minimum number of samples per pixel in the color, depth and stencil buffers.
/// `None` means "don't care". Default is `None`.
/// A value of `Some(0)` indicates that multisampling must not be enabled.
pub multisampling: Option<u16>,
/// If true, only stereoscopic formats will be considered. If false, only non-stereoscopic
/// formats. The default is `false`.
pub stereoscopy: bool,
/// If true, only sRGB-capable formats will be considered. If false, don't care.
/// The default is `false`.
pub srgb: bool,
/// The behavior when changing the current context. Default is `Flush`.
pub release_behavior: ReleaseBehavior,
}
impl Default for PixelFormatRequirements {
#[inline]
fn default() -> PixelFormatRequirements {
PixelFormatRequirements {
hardware_accelerated: Some(true),
color_bits: Some(24),
float_color_buffer: false,
alpha_bits: Some(8),
depth_bits: Some(24),
stencil_bits: Some(8),
double_buffer: None,
multisampling: None,
stereoscopy: false,
srgb: false,
release_behavior: ReleaseBehavior::Flush,
}
}
}
/// Attributes to use when creating an OpenGL context.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct GlAttributes<S> {
/// An existing context to share the new the context with.
///
/// The default is `None`.
pub sharing: Option<S>,
/// Version to try create. See `GlRequest` for more infos.
///
/// The default is `Latest`.
pub version: GlRequest,
/// OpenGL profile to use.
///
/// The default is `None`.
pub profile: Option<GlProfile>,
/// Whether to enable the `debug` flag of the context.
///
/// Debug contexts are usually slower but give better error reporting.
///
/// The default is `true` in debug mode and `false` in release mode.
pub debug: bool,
/// How the OpenGL context should detect errors.
///
/// The default is `NotRobust` because this is what is typically expected when you create an
/// OpenGL context. However for safety you should consider `TryRobustLoseContextOnReset`.
pub robustness: Robustness,
/// Whether to use vsync. If vsync is enabled, calling `swap_buffers` will block until the
/// screen refreshes. This is typically used to prevent screen tearing.
///
/// The default is `false`.
pub vsync: bool,
}
impl<S> GlAttributes<S> {
/// Turns the `sharing` parameter into another type by calling a closure.
#[inline]
pub fn map_sharing<F, T>(self, f: F) -> GlAttributes<T> where F: FnOnce(S) -> T {
GlAttributes {
sharing: self.sharing.map(f),
version: self.version,
profile: self.profile,
debug: self.debug,
robustness: self.robustness,
vsync: self.vsync,
}
}
}
impl<S> Default for GlAttributes<S> {
#[inline]
fn default() -> GlAttributes<S> {
GlAttributes {
sharing: None,
version: GlRequest::Latest,
profile: None,
debug: cfg!(debug_assertions),
robustness: Robustness::NotRobust,
vsync: false,
}
}
}