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//! Implementation of [`FsTree`].
use std::{
collections::BTreeMap,
ffi::OsStr,
io, mem,
ops::Index,
path::{Path, PathBuf},
};
use file_type_enum::FileType;
use crate::{
fs,
iter::{Iter, NodesIter, PathsIter},
utils, Error, Result,
};
/// The children [Trie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trie) type alias.
pub type TrieMap = BTreeMap<PathBuf, FsTree>;
/// A filesystem tree recursive type.
///
/// # Iterators:
///
/// See the [iterator module documentation](crate::iter).
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub enum FsTree {
/// A regular file.
Regular,
/// A directory, might have children `FsTree`s inside.
Directory(TrieMap),
/// Symbolic link, and it's target path (the link might be broken).
Symlink(PathBuf),
}
impl FsTree {
/// Creates an empty directory node.
///
/// This is an alias to `FsTree::Directory(Default::default())`.
///
/// ```
/// use fs_tree::{FsTree, TrieMap};
///
/// let result = FsTree::new_dir();
/// let expected = FsTree::Directory(TrieMap::new());
///
/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
/// ```
pub fn new_dir() -> Self {
Self::Directory(TrieMap::new())
}
/// Calculate the length by counting the leafs.
pub fn len_leafs(&self) -> usize {
if let Some(children) = self.children() {
children.values().map(Self::len_leafs).sum::<usize>()
} else if self.is_leaf() {
1
} else {
0
}
}
/// Calculate the length by counting all tree nodes, including the root.
pub fn len_all(&self) -> usize {
if let Some(children) = self.children() {
children.values().map(Self::len_leafs).sum::<usize>()
} else {
1
}
}
/// Construct a `FsTree` by reading from `path`, follows symlinks.
///
/// If you want symlink-awareness, check [`symlink_read_at`].
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - If any IO error occurs.
/// - If any file has an unexpected file type.
///
/// [`symlink_read_at`]: FsTree::read_at
pub fn read_at(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Self> {
Self::__read_at(path.as_ref(), true)
}
/// Construct a `FsTree` by reading from `path`.
///
/// If you don't want symlink-awareness, check [`read_at`].
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - If any IO error occurs.
/// - If any file has an unexpected file type.
///
/// [`read_at`]: FsTree::symlink_read_at
pub fn symlink_read_at(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Self> {
Self::__read_at(path.as_ref(), false)
}
fn __read_at(path: &Path, follow_symlinks: bool) -> Result<Self> {
let get_file_type = if follow_symlinks {
FileType::read_at
} else {
FileType::symlink_read_at
};
match get_file_type(path)? {
FileType::Regular => Ok(Self::Regular),
FileType::Directory => {
let mut children = TrieMap::new();
for entry in fs::read_dir(path)? {
let entry = entry?;
let entry_path = entry.path();
let node = Self::__read_at(&entry_path, follow_symlinks)?;
let stripped_file_path = entry_path
.strip_prefix(path)
.expect("Failed to strip prefix, expected to always succeed in Linux");
children.insert(stripped_file_path.into(), node);
}
Ok(Self::Directory(children))
},
FileType::Symlink => {
let target_path = utils::follow_symlink(path)?;
Ok(Self::Symlink(target_path))
},
other_type => {
Err(Error::UnexpectedFileTypeError(
other_type,
path.to_path_buf(),
))
},
}
}
/// Construct a structural copy of this `FsTree` by reading files at the given path.
///
/// In other words, the returned tree is formed of all paths in `self` that are also found in
/// the given `path` (intersection), missing files are skipped and types might differ.
///
/// This function can be useful if you need to load a subtree from a huge folder and cannot
/// afford to load the whole folder, or if you just want to filter out every node outside of the
/// specified structure.
///
/// This function will make at maximum `self.len()` syscalls.
///
/// If you don't want symlink-awareness, check [`FsTree::symlink_read_copy_at`].
///
/// # Examples:
///
/// ```no_run
/// use fs_tree::FsTree;
///
/// fn dynamically_load_structure() -> FsTree {
/// # "
/// ...
/// # ";
/// # todo!();
/// }
///
/// let structure = dynamically_load_structure();
///
/// let new_tree = structure.read_copy_at("path_here").unwrap();
///
/// // It is guaranteed that every path in here is present in `structure`
/// for path in new_tree.paths() {
/// assert!(structure.get(path).is_some());
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - If an IO error happens, except [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`]
///
/// [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`]: std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound
pub fn read_copy_at(&self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Self> {
self.__read_copy_at(path.as_ref(), true)
}
/// Construct a structural copy of this `FsTree` by reading files at the given path.
///
/// In other words, the returned tree is formed of all paths in `self` that are also found in
/// the given `path` (intersection), missing files are skipped and types might differ.
///
/// This function can be useful if you need to load a subtree from a huge folder and cannot
/// afford to load the whole folder, or if you just want to filter out every node outside of the
/// specified structure.
///
/// This function will make at maximum `self.len()` syscalls.
///
/// If you don't want symlink-awareness, check [`FsTree::read_copy_at`].
///
/// # Examples:
///
/// ```no_run
/// use fs_tree::FsTree;
///
/// fn dynamically_load_structure() -> FsTree {
/// # "
/// ...
/// # ";
/// # todo!();
/// }
///
/// let structure = dynamically_load_structure();
///
/// let new_tree = structure.symlink_read_copy_at("path_here").unwrap();
///
/// // It is guaranteed that every path in here is present in `structure`
/// for path in new_tree.paths() {
/// assert!(structure.get(path).is_some());
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - If an IO error happens, except [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`]
///
/// [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`]: std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound
pub fn symlink_read_copy_at(&self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Self> {
self.__read_copy_at(path.as_ref(), false)
}
// TODO: There are easy optimizations to be done in here
fn __read_copy_at(&self, folder: &Path, follow_symlinks: bool) -> Result<Self> {
let mut new_tree = FsTree::new_dir();
for relative_path in self.paths() {
let path = folder.join(&relative_path);
let get_file_type = if follow_symlinks {
FileType::read_at
} else {
FileType::symlink_read_at
};
let file_type = match get_file_type(&path) {
Ok(file_type) => file_type,
Err(err) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => continue,
Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
};
let node = match file_type {
FileType::Regular => Self::Regular,
FileType::Directory => Self::new_dir(),
FileType::Symlink => {
let target_path = utils::follow_symlink(&path)?;
Self::Symlink(target_path)
},
_ => continue,
};
new_tree.insert(relative_path, node);
}
Ok(new_tree)
}
/// Construct a `FsTree` from path pieces.
///
/// Returns `None` if the input is empty.
///
/// Returned value can correspond to a regular file or directory, but not a symlink.
///
/// # Warning
///
/// The last piece is always a file, so inputs ending with `/`, like `Path::new("example/")` are
/// **NOT** parsed as directories.
///
/// This might change in the future, for my personal usage cases (author writing), this was
/// always OK, but if you'd like this to change, open an issue 👍.
///
/// # Examples:
///
/// ```
/// use fs_tree::{FsTree, tree};
///
/// let result = FsTree::from_path_text("a/b/c");
///
/// let expected = tree! {
/// a: {
/// b: {
/// c
/// }
/// }
/// };
///
/// // The expected tree
/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
///
/// // Nodes are nested
/// assert!(result.is_dir());
/// assert!(result["a"].is_dir());
/// assert!(result["a"]["b"].is_dir());
/// assert!(result["a"]["b"]["c"].is_regular());
/// ```
pub fn from_path_text(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Self {
Self::from_path_pieces(path.as_ref().iter())
}
/// Generic iterator version of [`from_path_text`](FsTree::from_path_text).
pub fn from_path_pieces<I, P>(path_iter: I) -> Self
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = P>,
P: Into<PathBuf>,
{
let mut path_iter = path_iter.into_iter();
if let Some(popped_piece) = path_iter.next() {
let child = (popped_piece.into(), Self::from_path_pieces(path_iter));
Self::Directory(TrieMap::from([child]))
} else {
Self::Regular
}
}
/// Creates an iterator that yields `(&FsTree, PathBuf)`.
///
/// See iterator docs at the [`iter` module documentation](crate::iter).
pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter {
Iter::new(self)
}
/// Creates an iterator that yields `&FsTree`.
///
/// See iterator docs at the [`iter` module documentation](crate::iter).
pub fn nodes(&self) -> NodesIter {
NodesIter::new(self)
}
/// Creates an iterator that yields `PathBuf`.
///
/// See iterator docs at the [`iter` module documentation](crate::iter).
pub fn paths(&self) -> PathsIter {
PathsIter::new(self)
}
/// Returns `true` if `self` type matches `other` type.
pub fn is_same_type_as(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
mem::discriminant(self) == mem::discriminant(other)
}
/// Returns `Ok(true)` if all nodes exist in the filesystem.
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// Similar to how [`Path::try_exists`] works, this function returns `false` if any IO error
/// occurred when checking [`std::fs::symlink_metadata`] (except [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`]).
pub fn try_exists(&mut self) -> io::Result<bool> {
for path in self.paths() {
match fs::symlink_metadata(path) {
Ok(_) => continue,
Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(false),
Err(error) => return Err(error),
}
}
Ok(true)
}
/// Merge two trees.
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - Returns `None` if contents of both trees conflict.
pub fn try_merge(mut self, other: Self) -> Option<Self> {
use FsTree::{Directory, Regular, Symlink};
// If types match, check if their contents match, otherwise, return `None`
match (&mut self, other) {
(Regular, Regular) => Some(self),
(Symlink(left_target), Symlink(right_target)) => {
(*left_target == right_target).then_some(self)
},
(Directory(left_children), Directory(right_children)) => {
// Just to clarify, we're merging the right onto the left
let left_children: &mut TrieMap = left_children;
let right_children: TrieMap = right_children;
for (path, right_node) in right_children {
if let Some(left_node) = left_children.remove(&path) {
let new_node = left_node.try_merge(right_node)?;
left_children.insert(path, new_node);
} else {
left_children.insert(path, right_node);
}
}
Some(self)
},
// Types mismatch, not possible to merge
(_, _) => None,
}
}
/// Reference to children vec if self.is_directory().
pub fn children(&self) -> Option<&TrieMap> {
match &self {
Self::Directory(children) => Some(children),
_ => None,
}
}
/// Reference to children vec if self.is_directory(), mutable.
pub fn children_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut TrieMap> {
match self {
Self::Directory(children) => Some(children),
_ => None,
}
}
/// Reference to target path, if self is a symlink.
pub fn target(&self) -> Option<&Path> {
match &self {
Self::Symlink(target_path) => Some(target_path),
_ => None,
}
}
/// Reference to target path, if self is a symlink, mutable.
pub fn target_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut PathBuf> {
match self {
Self::Symlink(target_path) => Some(target_path),
_ => None,
}
}
// /// Apply a closure for each direct child of this FsTree.
// ///
// /// Only 1 level deep.
// pub fn apply_to_children0(&mut self, f: impl FnMut(&mut Self)) {
// if let Some(children) = self.children_mut() {
// children.iter_mut().for_each(f);
// }
// }
// /// Apply a closure to all direct and indirect descendants inside of this structure.
// ///
// /// Calls recursively for all levels.
// pub fn apply_to_all_children1(&mut self, f: impl FnMut(&mut Self) + Copy) {
// if let Some(children) = self.children_mut() {
// children
// .iter_mut()
// .for_each(|x| x.apply_to_all_children1(f));
// children.iter_mut().for_each(f);
// }
// }
// /// Apply a closure to all direct and indirect descendants inside, also includes root.
// ///
// /// Calls recursively for all levels.
// pub fn apply_to_all(&mut self, mut f: impl FnMut(&mut Self) + Copy) {
// f(self);
// if let Some(children) = self.children_mut() {
// for child in children.iter_mut() {
// child.apply_to_all(f);
// }
// }
// }
/// Returns `true` if `self` is a leaf node.
pub fn is_leaf(&self) -> bool {
match self {
Self::Regular | Self::Symlink(_) => true,
Self::Directory(children) => children.is_empty(),
}
}
/// The variant string.
pub fn variant_str(&self) -> &'static str {
match self {
Self::Regular => "regular file",
Self::Directory(_) => "directory",
Self::Symlink(_) => "symlink",
}
}
/// Returns `true` if self matches the regular variant.
pub fn is_regular(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Regular)
}
/// Returns `true` if self matches the directory variant.
pub fn is_dir(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Directory(_))
}
/// Returns `true` if self matches the symlink variant.
pub fn is_symlink(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Symlink(_))
}
// /// Generate a diff from two different trees.
// pub fn diff(&self, other: &Self) {
// if !self.has_same_type_as(other) {
// println!("Types differ! ");
// }
// let (self_children, other_children) = match (&self.file_type, &other.file_type) {
// (Self::Directory(self_children), Self::Directory(other_children)) => {
// (self_children, other_children)
// },
// _ => panic!(),
// };
// let mut lookup = self_children
// .iter()
// .map(|x| (&x.path, x))
// .collect::<HashMap<&PathBuf, &FsTree>>();
// for other_child in other_children {
// if let Some(self_child) = lookup.remove(&other_child.path) {
// if self_child.has_same_type_as(other_child) {
// if self_child.is_dir() {
// self_child.diff(other_child);
// }
// } else {
// println!(
// "File {:?} is a {} while file {:?} is a {}",
// self_child.path,
// self_child.file_type.file_type_display(),
// other_child.path,
// other_child.file_type.file_type_display(),
// );
// }
// } else {
// let path = &other_child.path;
// println!(
// "2Only in {:?}: {:?}",
// path.parent().unwrap(),
// path.file_name().unwrap()
// );
// }
// }
// for child_left in lookup.values() {
// let path = &child_left.path;
// println!(
// "1Only in {:?}: {:?}",
// path.parent().unwrap(),
// path.file_name().unwrap()
// );
// }
// }
/// Write the tree structure in the path.
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - If provided folder doesn't exist, or is not a directory.
/// - If any other IO error occurs.
pub fn write_at(&self, folder: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<()> {
let folder = folder.as_ref();
#[cfg(feature = "fs-err")]
let symlink_function = fs_err::os::unix::fs::symlink;
#[cfg(not(feature = "fs-err"))]
let symlink_function = std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
for (node, path) in self.iter().skip(1) {
let path = folder.join(&path);
match &node {
Self::Regular => {
fs::File::create(path)?;
},
Self::Directory(_) => {
fs::create_dir(path)?;
},
Self::Symlink(target) => {
symlink_function(target, path)?;
},
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Returns a reference to the node at the path, if any.
///
/// # Errors:
///
/// - Returns `None` if there is no node at the given path.
///
/// # Examples:
///
/// ```
/// use fs_tree::FsTree;
///
/// let root = FsTree::from_path_text("a/b/c");
///
/// // Indexing is relative from `root`, so `root` cannot be indexed.
/// assert_eq!(root, FsTree::from_path_text("a/b/c"));
/// assert_eq!(root["a"], FsTree::from_path_text("b/c"));
/// assert_eq!(root["a/b"], FsTree::from_path_text("c"));
/// assert_eq!(root["a"]["b"], FsTree::from_path_text("c"));
/// assert_eq!(root["a/b/c"], FsTree::Regular);
/// assert_eq!(root["a/b"]["c"], FsTree::Regular);
/// assert_eq!(root["a"]["b/c"], FsTree::Regular);
/// assert_eq!(root["a"]["b"]["c"], FsTree::Regular);
/// ```
pub fn get(&self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Option<&Self> {
let path = path.as_ref();
// Split first piece from the rest
let (popped, path_rest) = {
let mut iter = path.iter();
let popped: Option<&Path> = iter.next().map(OsStr::as_ref);
(popped, iter.as_path())
};
// If path ended, we reached the desired node
let Some(popped) = popped else {
return Some(self);
};
// Corner case: if `.`, ignore it and call again with the rest
if popped == Path::new(".") {
return self.get(path_rest);
}
self.children()?
.get(popped)
.and_then(|child| child.get(path_rest))
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the node at the path, if any.
///
/// This is the mutable version of [`FsTree::get`].
pub fn get_mut(&mut self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Option<&mut Self> {
let path = path.as_ref();
// Split first piece from the rest
let (popped, path_rest) = {
let mut iter = path.iter();
let popped: Option<&Path> = iter.next().map(OsStr::as_ref);
(popped, iter.as_path())
};
// If path ended, we reached the desired node
let Some(popped) = popped else {
return Some(self);
};
// Corner case: if `.`, ignore it and call again with the rest
if popped == Path::new(".") {
return self.get_mut(path_rest);
}
self.children_mut()?
.get_mut(popped)
.and_then(|child| child.get_mut(path_rest))
}
/// Inserts a node at the given path.
///
/// # Panics:
///
/// - If there are no directories up to the path node in order to insert it.
/// - If path is empty.
pub fn insert(&mut self, path: impl AsRef<Path>, node: Self) {
use FsTree::*;
let mut iter = path.as_ref().iter();
let Some(node_name) = iter.next_back().map(Path::new) else {
*self = node;
return;
};
let mut tree = self;
// Traverse tree
for next in iter {
// Give a better error message than the one below
if !tree.is_dir() {
panic!(
"Failed to insert node, while traversing, one of the parent directories \
({next:?}) isn't a directory, but a {}",
tree.variant_str()
);
}
tree = if let Some(tree) = tree.get_mut(next) {
tree
} else {
panic!("Failed to insert node, parent directory {next:?} doesn't exist");
};
}
match tree {
Regular | Symlink(_) => {
panic!(
"Failed to insert node, parent directory is not a directory, but a {}",
tree.variant_str(),
);
},
Directory(children) => {
children.insert(node_name.into(), node);
},
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "libc-file-type")]
impl FsTree {
/// Returns the file type equivalent [`libc::mode_t`] value.
pub fn as_mode_t(&self) -> libc::mode_t {
match self {
Self::Regular => libc::S_IFREG,
Self::Directory(_) => libc::S_IFDIR,
Self::Symlink(_) => libc::S_IFCHR,
}
}
}
impl<P> Index<P> for FsTree
where
P: AsRef<Path>,
{
type Output = FsTree;
fn index(&self, path: P) -> &Self::Output {
self.get(path.as_ref())
.unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no node found for path '{}'", path.as_ref().display()))
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use std::{io, path::Path};
use pretty_assertions::{assert_eq, assert_ne};
use super::*;
use crate::tree;
fn testdir() -> io::Result<(tempfile::TempDir, &'static Path)> {
let dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
let path = dir.path().to_path_buf().into_boxed_path();
Ok((dir, Box::leak(path)))
}
// #[test]
// fn test_diff() {
// let left = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/file").unwrap();
// let right = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/folder/file/oie").unwrap();
// left.diff(&right);
// panic!();
// }
#[test]
fn test_insert_basic() {
let mut tree = FsTree::new_dir();
let paths = ["a", "a/b", "a/b/c", "a/b/c/d", "a/b/c/d/e"];
for path in paths {
tree.insert(path, FsTree::new_dir());
}
tree.insert("a/b/c/d/e/f", FsTree::Regular);
let expected = tree! {
a: { b: { c: { d: { e: { f } } } } }
};
assert_eq!(tree, expected);
}
#[rustfmt::skip]
#[test]
fn test_insert_complete() {
let result = {
let mut tree = FsTree::new_dir();
tree.insert("config1", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("config2", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir", FsTree::new_dir());
tree.insert("outer_dir/file1", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir/file2", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir/inner_dir", FsTree::new_dir());
tree.insert("outer_dir/inner_dir/inner1", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir/inner_dir/inner2", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir/inner_dir/inner3", FsTree::Regular);
tree.insert("outer_dir/inner_dir/inner_link", FsTree::Symlink("inner_target".into()));
tree.insert("link", FsTree::Symlink("target".into()));
tree.insert("config3", FsTree::Regular);
tree
};
let expected = tree! {
config1
config2
outer_dir: {
file1
file2
inner_dir: {
inner1
inner2
inner3
inner_link -> inner_target
}
}
link -> target
config3
};
assert_eq!(result, expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_write_at() {
let (_dropper, test_dir) = testdir().unwrap();
let tree = tree! {
a: {
b: {
c
empty: {}
link -> target
}
}
};
tree.write_at(&test_dir).unwrap();
let result = FsTree::symlink_read_at(&test_dir).unwrap();
assert_eq!(result, tree);
}
#[test]
fn test_get() {
let tree = FsTree::from_path_text("a/b/c");
assert_eq!(tree["a"], FsTree::from_path_text("b/c"));
assert_eq!(tree["a/b"], FsTree::from_path_text("c"));
assert_eq!(tree["a"]["b"], FsTree::from_path_text("c"));
assert_eq!(tree["a/b/c"], FsTree::Regular);
assert_eq!(tree["a/b"]["c"], FsTree::Regular);
assert_eq!(tree["a"]["b/c"], FsTree::Regular);
assert_eq!(tree["a"]["b"]["c"], FsTree::Regular);
// Paths are relative, so empty path returns the node itself
assert_eq!(tree[""], tree);
assert_eq!(tree[""], tree[""]);
// "."s are ignored
assert_eq!(tree["."], tree[""]);
assert_eq!(tree["././"], tree["."]);
assert_eq!(tree["././."], tree);
assert_eq!(tree["./a/."]["././b/./."], FsTree::from_path_text("c"));
assert_eq!(tree["./a/./b"]["c/."], FsTree::Regular);
}
// #[test]
// fn test_simple_merge() {
// let left = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/file");
// let right = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/folder/file");
// let result = left.try_merge(right);
// let expected = tree! {
// ".config": {
// i3: {
// file
// folder: {
// file
// }
// }
// }
// };
// assert_eq!(result, Some(expected));
// }
#[test]
fn test_partial_eq_fails() {
let left = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/a");
let right = FsTree::from_path_text(".config/i3/b");
assert_ne!(left, right);
}
}