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use crate::{
err::{ValueTooBigError, ValueType},
*,
};
/// Slice containing the TCP header & payload.
#[derive(Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct TcpSlice<'a> {
header_len: usize,
slice: &'a [u8],
}
impl<'a> TcpSlice<'a> {
/// Try creating a [`TcpSlice`] from a slice containing the
/// TCP header and the TCP payload.
pub fn from_slice(slice: &'a [u8]) -> Result<TcpSlice<'a>, err::tcp::HeaderSliceError> {
use err::tcp::{HeaderError::*, HeaderSliceError::*};
// check length
if slice.len() < TcpHeader::MIN_LEN {
return Err(Len(err::LenError {
required_len: TcpHeader::MIN_LEN,
len: slice.len(),
len_source: LenSource::Slice,
layer: err::Layer::TcpHeader,
layer_start_offset: 0,
}));
}
// SAFETY:
// Safe as it is checked at the start of the function that the
// length of the slice is at least TcpHeader::MIN_LEN (20).
let header_len = unsafe {
// The length of the TCP header can be determined via
// the data offset field of the TCP header. "data offset"
// stores the offset in 4 byte steps from the start of the
// header to the payload of the header.
//
// "data offset" is stored in the upper 4 bits
// (aka 0b1111_0000) of byte 12. To get to total length
// in bytes of the header data offset has to be multiplied
// by 4. So the naive version to get the length of
// the header would be:
//
// ```
// let data_offset = (*slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0xf0) >> 4;
// let len = data_offset * 4;
// ```
//
// But a multiplication by 4 can be replaced by 2
// left shift:
//
// ```
// let data_offset = (*slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0xf0) >> 4;
// let len = data_offset << 2;
// ```
//
// And finally the shifts can be combined to one:
//
// ```
// let len = (*slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0xf0) >> 2;
// ```
usize::from((*slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0xf0) >> 2)
};
if header_len < TcpHeader::MIN_LEN {
Err(Content(DataOffsetTooSmall {
data_offset: (header_len >> 2) as u8,
}))
} else if slice.len() < header_len {
Err(Len(err::LenError {
required_len: header_len,
len: slice.len(),
len_source: LenSource::Slice,
layer: err::Layer::TcpHeader,
layer_start_offset: 0,
}))
} else {
//done
Ok(TcpSlice::<'a> { header_len, slice })
}
}
/// Returns the slice containing the TCP header and payload.
#[inline]
pub fn slice(&self) -> &'a [u8] {
self.slice
}
/// Returns the slice containing the TCP header
/// (including options).
#[inline]
pub fn header_slice(&self) -> &'a [u8] {
unsafe {
// SAFETY: Safe as the slice was verified
// to be at least header_len long.
core::slice::from_raw_parts(self.slice.as_ptr(), self.header_len)
}
}
/// Returns the slice containing the TCP payload.
#[inline]
pub fn payload(&self) -> &'a [u8] {
unsafe {
// SAFETY: Safe as the slice was verified
// to be at least header_len long.
core::slice::from_raw_parts(
self.slice.as_ptr().add(self.header_len),
self.slice.len() - self.header_len,
)
}
}
/// Length of the TCP header (including TCP options).
#[inline]
pub const fn header_len(&self) -> usize {
self.header_len
}
/// Read the destination port number in the TCP header.
#[inline]
pub fn source_port(&self) -> u16 {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { get_unchecked_be_u16(self.slice.as_ptr()) }
}
/// Read the destination port number in the TCP header.
#[inline]
pub fn destination_port(&self) -> u16 {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { get_unchecked_be_u16(self.slice.as_ptr().add(2)) }
}
/// Read the sequence number in the TCP header.
///
/// If SYN is present the sequence number is the initial sequence number (ISN)
/// and the first data octet is ISN+1.
/// \[copied from RFC 793, page 16\]
#[inline]
pub fn sequence_number(&self) -> u32 {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { get_unchecked_be_u32(self.slice.as_ptr().add(4)) }
}
/// Reads the acknowledgment number in the TCP header.
///
/// If the ACK control bit is set this field contains the value of the
/// next sequence number the sender of the segment is expecting to
/// receive.
///
/// Once a connection is established this is always sent.
#[inline]
pub fn acknowledgment_number(&self) -> u32 {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { get_unchecked_be_u32(self.slice.as_ptr().add(8)) }
}
/// Read the number of 32 bit words in the TCP Header.
///
/// This indicates where the payload begins. The TCP header
/// (even one including options) is an integral number of 32
/// bits long.
#[inline]
pub fn data_offset(&self) -> u8 {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { (*self.slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0b1111_0000) >> 4 }
}
/// ECN-nonce - concealment protection (experimental: see RFC 3540)
#[inline]
pub fn ns(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(12) & 0b0000_0001) }
}
/// Read the fin flag (no more data from sender).
#[inline]
pub fn fin(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0000_0001) }
}
/// Reads the syn flag (synchronize sequence numbers).
#[inline]
pub fn syn(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0000_0010) }
}
/// Reads the rst flag (reset the connection).
#[inline]
pub fn rst(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0000_0100) }
}
/// Reads the psh flag (push function).
#[inline]
pub fn psh(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0000_1000) }
}
/// Reads the ack flag (acknowledgment field significant).
#[inline]
pub fn ack(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0001_0000) }
}
/// Reads the urg flag (Urgent Pointer field significant).
#[inline]
pub fn urg(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0010_0000) }
}
/// Read the ECN-Echo flag (RFC 3168).
#[inline]
pub fn ece(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b0100_0000) }
}
/// Reads the cwr flag (Congestion Window Reduced).
///
/// This flag is set by the sending host to indicate that it received a TCP
/// segment with the ECE flag set and had responded in congestion control
/// mechanism (added to header by RFC 3168).
#[inline]
pub fn cwr(&self) -> bool {
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { 0 != (*self.slice.get_unchecked(13) & 0b1000_0000) }
}
/// The number of data octets beginning with the one indicated in the
/// acknowledgment field which the sender of this segment is willing to
/// accept.
#[inline]
pub fn window_size(&self) -> u16 {
u16::from_be_bytes(
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { [*self.slice.get_unchecked(14), *self.slice.get_unchecked(15)] },
)
}
/// Checksum (16 bit one's complement) of the pseudo ip header, this tcp header and the payload.
#[inline]
pub fn checksum(&self) -> u16 {
u16::from_be_bytes(
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { [*self.slice.get_unchecked(16), *self.slice.get_unchecked(17)] },
)
}
/// This field communicates the current value of the urgent pointer as a
/// positive offset from the sequence number in this segment.
///
/// The urgent pointer points to the sequence number of the octet following
/// the urgent data. This field is only be interpreted in segments with
/// the URG control bit set.
#[inline]
pub fn urgent_pointer(&self) -> u16 {
u16::from_be_bytes(
// SAFETY:
// Constructor checks that the slice has at least the length
// of 20.
unsafe { [*self.slice.get_unchecked(18), *self.slice.get_unchecked(19)] },
)
}
/// Options of the header
#[inline]
pub fn options(&self) -> &[u8] {
&self.slice[TcpHeader::MIN_LEN..self.header_len]
}
/// Returns an iterator that allows to iterate through all known TCP header options.
#[inline]
pub fn options_iterator(&self) -> TcpOptionsIterator {
TcpOptionsIterator::from_slice(self.options())
}
/// Decode all the fields and copy the results to a
/// [`crate::TcpHeader`]` struct.
pub fn to_header(&self) -> TcpHeader {
TcpHeader {
source_port: self.source_port(),
destination_port: self.destination_port(),
sequence_number: self.sequence_number(),
acknowledgment_number: self.acknowledgment_number(),
ns: self.ns(),
fin: self.fin(),
syn: self.syn(),
rst: self.rst(),
psh: self.psh(),
ack: self.ack(),
ece: self.ece(),
urg: self.urg(),
cwr: self.cwr(),
window_size: self.window_size(),
checksum: self.checksum(),
urgent_pointer: self.urgent_pointer(),
options: {
let options_slice = self.options();
let mut options = TcpOptions {
len: options_slice.len() as u8,
buf: [0; 40],
};
options.buf[..options_slice.len()].clone_from_slice(options_slice);
options
},
}
}
/// Calculates the checksum for the current header in ipv4 mode and
/// returns the result. This does NOT set the checksum.
pub fn calc_checksum_ipv4(
&self,
source_ip: [u8; 4],
destination_ip: [u8; 4],
) -> Result<u16, ValueTooBigError<usize>> {
// check that the total length fits into the field
if usize::from(core::u16::MAX) < self.slice.len() {
return Err(ValueTooBigError {
actual: self.slice.len(),
max_allowed: usize::from(core::u16::MAX),
value_type: ValueType::TcpPayloadLengthIpv4,
});
}
// calculate the checksum
Ok(self.calc_checksum_post_ip(
checksum::Sum16BitWords::new()
.add_4bytes(source_ip)
.add_4bytes(destination_ip)
.add_2bytes([0, ip_number::TCP.0])
.add_2bytes((self.slice.len() as u16).to_be_bytes()),
))
}
/// Calculates the checksum for the current header in ipv6 mode and
/// returns the result. This does NOT set the checksum.
pub fn calc_checksum_ipv6(
&self,
source: [u8; 16],
destination: [u8; 16],
) -> Result<u16, ValueTooBigError<usize>> {
// check that the total length fits into the field
#[cfg(not(any(target_pointer_width = "16", target_pointer_width = "32")))]
if (core::u32::MAX as usize) < self.slice.len() {
return Err(ValueTooBigError {
actual: self.slice.len(),
max_allowed: (core::u32::MAX as usize),
value_type: ValueType::TcpPayloadLengthIpv6,
});
}
// calculate the checksum
Ok(self.calc_checksum_post_ip(
checksum::Sum16BitWords::new()
.add_16bytes(source)
.add_16bytes(destination)
.add_2bytes([0, ip_number::TCP.0])
.add_4bytes((self.slice.len() as u32).to_be_bytes()),
))
}
/// This method takes the sum of the pseudo ip header and calculates the rest of the checksum.
fn calc_checksum_post_ip(&self, ip_pseudo_header_sum: checksum::Sum16BitWords) -> u16 {
ip_pseudo_header_sum
.add_slice(&self.slice[..16]) //until checksum
.add_slice(&self.slice[18..])
.ones_complement()
.to_be()
}
}
impl<'a> core::fmt::Debug for TcpSlice<'a> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("TcpSlice")
.field("header", &self.to_header())
.field("payload", &self.payload())
.finish()
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use super::*;
use crate::test_gens::*;
use alloc::{format, vec::Vec};
use proptest::prelude::*;
proptest! {
#[test]
fn debug_clone_eq(
tcp in tcp_any()
) {
let payload: [u8;4] = [1,2,3,4];
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(
tcp.header_len() as usize +
payload.len()
);
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
// decode packet
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
// check debug output
prop_assert_eq!(
format!("{:?}", slice),
format!(
"TcpSlice {{ header: {:?}, payload: {:?} }}",
&tcp,
&payload[..]
)
);
prop_assert_eq!(slice.clone(), slice);
}
}
proptest! {
#[test]
fn from_slice(
tcp in tcp_any()
) {
use err::tcp::{HeaderError::*, HeaderSliceError::*};
let payload: [u8;4] = [1,2,3,4];
let data = {
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(
tcp.header_len() as usize +
payload.len()
);
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
data
};
// normal decode
{
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(&slice.to_header(), &tcp);
assert_eq!(slice.payload(), &payload);
}
// too little data to even decode the header
for len in 0..(tcp.header_len() as usize) {
assert_eq!(
TcpSlice::from_slice(&data[..len]).unwrap_err(),
Len(err::LenError {
required_len: if len < TcpHeader::MIN_LEN {
TcpHeader::MIN_LEN
} else {
tcp.header_len()
},
len,
len_source: LenSource::Slice,
layer: err::Layer::TcpHeader,
layer_start_offset: 0,
})
);
}
// data offset smaller then minimum header size
{
let mut broken_data = data.clone();
for data_offset in 0..TcpHeader::MIN_DATA_OFFSET {
// inject a bad data offset
broken_data[12] = data_offset << 4 | ( broken_data[12] & 0b0000_1111);
assert_eq!(
TcpSlice::from_slice(&broken_data).unwrap_err(),
Content(DataOffsetTooSmall { data_offset })
);
}
}
}
}
proptest! {
#[test]
fn getters(
tcp in tcp_any()
) {
let payload: [u8;4] = [1,2,3,4];
let data = {
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(
tcp.header_len() as usize +
payload.len()
);
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
data
};
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(slice.slice(), &data);
assert_eq!(slice.header_slice(), &data[..tcp.header_len()]);
assert_eq!(slice.payload(), &data[tcp.header_len()..]);
assert_eq!(slice.header_len(), tcp.header_len());
assert_eq!(slice.source_port(), tcp.source_port);
assert_eq!(slice.destination_port(), tcp.destination_port);
assert_eq!(slice.sequence_number(), tcp.sequence_number);
assert_eq!(slice.acknowledgment_number(), tcp.acknowledgment_number);
assert_eq!(slice.data_offset(), tcp.data_offset());
assert_eq!(slice.ns(), tcp.ns);
assert_eq!(slice.fin(), tcp.fin);
assert_eq!(slice.syn(), tcp.syn);
assert_eq!(slice.rst(), tcp.rst);
assert_eq!(slice.psh(), tcp.psh);
assert_eq!(slice.ack(), tcp.ack);
assert_eq!(slice.urg(), tcp.urg);
assert_eq!(slice.ece(), tcp.ece);
assert_eq!(slice.cwr(), tcp.cwr);
assert_eq!(slice.window_size(), tcp.window_size);
assert_eq!(slice.checksum(), tcp.checksum);
assert_eq!(slice.urgent_pointer(), tcp.urgent_pointer);
assert_eq!(slice.options(), tcp.options.as_slice());
assert_eq!(slice.options_iterator(), tcp.options_iterator());
assert_eq!(slice.to_header(), tcp);
}
}
#[test]
fn calc_checksum_ipv4() {
use TcpOptionElement::*;
// checksum == 0xf (no carries) (aka sum == 0xffff)
{
let payload = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
let tcp = TcpHeader::new(0, 0, 40905, 0);
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(tcp.header_len() + payload.len());
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
let tcp_slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(Ok(0x0), tcp_slice.calc_checksum_ipv4([0; 4], [0; 4]));
}
// a header with options
{
let payload = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
let mut tcp = TcpHeader::new(69, 42, 0x24900448, 0x3653);
tcp.urgent_pointer = 0xE26E;
tcp.ns = true;
tcp.fin = true;
tcp.syn = true;
tcp.rst = true;
tcp.psh = true;
tcp.ack = true;
tcp.ece = true;
tcp.urg = true;
tcp.cwr = true;
tcp.set_options(&[Noop, Noop, Noop, Noop, Timestamp(0x4161008, 0x84161708)])
.unwrap();
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(tcp.header_len() + payload.len());
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
let tcp_slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
Ok(0xdeeb),
tcp_slice.calc_checksum_ipv4([192, 168, 1, 42], [192, 168, 1, 1])
);
}
//a header with an uneven number of options
{
let payload = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9];
let mut tcp = TcpHeader::new(69, 42, 0x24900448, 0x3653);
tcp.urgent_pointer = 0xE26E;
tcp.ns = true;
tcp.fin = true;
tcp.syn = true;
tcp.rst = true;
tcp.psh = true;
tcp.ack = true;
tcp.ece = true;
tcp.urg = true;
tcp.cwr = true;
tcp.set_options(&[Noop, Noop, Noop, Noop, Timestamp(0x4161008, 0x84161708)])
.unwrap();
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(tcp.header_len() + payload.len());
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data[..]).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
Ok(0xd5ea),
slice.calc_checksum_ipv4([192, 168, 1, 42], [192, 168, 1, 1])
);
}
// value error
{
// write the tcp header
let tcp: TcpHeader = Default::default();
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(usize::from(core::u16::MAX) + 1);
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.resize(usize::from(core::u16::MAX) + 1, 0); // payload
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
slice.calc_checksum_ipv4([0; 4], [0; 4]),
Err(ValueTooBigError {
actual: data.len(),
max_allowed: usize::from(core::u16::MAX),
value_type: ValueType::TcpPayloadLengthIpv4,
})
);
}
}
#[test]
fn calc_checksum_ipv6() {
use crate::TcpOptionElement::*;
// ok case
{
let payload = [51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58];
let mut tcp = TcpHeader::new(69, 42, 0x24900448, 0x3653);
tcp.urgent_pointer = 0xE26E;
tcp.ns = true;
tcp.fin = true;
tcp.syn = true;
tcp.rst = true;
tcp.psh = true;
tcp.ack = true;
tcp.ece = true;
tcp.urg = true;
tcp.cwr = true;
tcp.set_options(&[Noop, Noop, Noop, Noop, Timestamp(0x4161008, 0x84161708)])
.unwrap();
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(tcp.header_len() + payload.len());
data.extend_from_slice(&tcp.to_bytes());
data.extend_from_slice(&payload);
let slice = TcpSlice::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
Ok(0x786e),
slice.calc_checksum_ipv6(
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16],
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,],
)
);
}
// error
#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
{
let slice = TcpSlice {
header_len: TcpHeader::MIN_LEN,
// lets create a slice of that size that points to zero
// (as most systems can not allocate blocks of the size of u32::MAX)
slice: unsafe {
//NOTE: The pointer must be initialized with a non null value
// otherwise a key constraint of slices is not fulfilled
// which can lead to crashes in release mode.
use core::ptr::NonNull;
core::slice::from_raw_parts(
NonNull::<u8>::dangling().as_ptr(),
(core::u32::MAX as usize) + 1,
)
},
};
// expect an length error
assert_eq!(
slice.calc_checksum_ipv6(
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16],
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,],
),
Err(ValueTooBigError {
actual: (core::u32::MAX as usize) + 1,
max_allowed: core::u32::MAX as usize,
value_type: ValueType::TcpPayloadLengthIpv6,
})
);
}
}
}