Struct tonic::Status

pub struct Status { /* fields omitted */ }

A gRPC status describing the result of an RPC call.

Values can be created using the new function or one of the specialized associated functions.

let status1 = Status::new(Code::InvalidArgument, "name is invalid");
let status2 = Status::invalid_argument("name is invalid");

assert_eq!(status1.code(), Code::InvalidArgument);
assert_eq!(status1.code(), status2.code());

Implementations

impl Status

pub fn new(code: Code, message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Create a new Status with the associated code and message.

pub fn ok(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The operation completed successfully.

pub fn cancelled(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The operation was cancelled (typically by the caller).

pub fn unknown(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Unknown error. An example of where this error may be returned is if a Status value received from another address space belongs to an error-space that is not known in this address space. Also errors raised by APIs that do not return enough error information may be converted to this error.

pub fn invalid_argument(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Client specified an invalid argument. Note that this differs from FailedPrecondition. InvalidArgument indicates arguments that are problematic regardless of the state of the system (e.g., a malformed file name).

pub fn deadline_exceeded(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Deadline expired before operation could complete. For operations that change the state of the system, this error may be returned even if the operation has completed successfully. For example, a successful response from a server could have been delayed long enough for the deadline to expire.

pub fn not_found(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Some requested entity (e.g., file or directory) was not found.

pub fn already_exists(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Some entity that we attempted to create (e.g., file or directory) already exists.

pub fn permission_denied(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The caller does not have permission to execute the specified operation. PermissionDenied must not be used for rejections caused by exhausting some resource (use ResourceExhausted instead for those errors). PermissionDenied must not be used if the caller cannot be identified (use Unauthenticated instead for those errors).

pub fn resource_exhausted(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Some resource has been exhausted, perhaps a per-user quota, or perhaps the entire file system is out of space.

pub fn failed_precondition(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Operation was rejected because the system is not in a state required for the operation's execution. For example, directory to be deleted may be non-empty, an rmdir operation is applied to a non-directory, etc.

A litmus test that may help a service implementor in deciding between FailedPrecondition, Aborted, and Unavailable: (a) Use Unavailable if the client can retry just the failing call. (b) Use Aborted if the client should retry at a higher-level (e.g., restarting a read-modify-write sequence). (c) Use FailedPrecondition if the client should not retry until the system state has been explicitly fixed. E.g., if an "rmdir" fails because the directory is non-empty, FailedPrecondition should be returned since the client should not retry unless they have first fixed up the directory by deleting files from it.

pub fn aborted(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The operation was aborted, typically due to a concurrency issue like sequencer check failures, transaction aborts, etc.

See litmus test above for deciding between FailedPrecondition, Aborted, and Unavailable.

pub fn out_of_range(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Operation was attempted past the valid range. E.g., seeking or reading past end of file.

Unlike InvalidArgument, this error indicates a problem that may be fixed if the system state changes. For example, a 32-bit file system will generate InvalidArgument if asked to read at an offset that is not in the range [0,2^32-1], but it will generate OutOfRange` if asked to read from an offset past the current file size.

There is a fair bit of overlap between FailedPrecondition and OutOfRange. We recommend using OutOfRange (the more specific error) when it applies so that callers who are iterating through a space can easily look for an OutOfRange error to detect when they are done.

pub fn unimplemented(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Operation is not implemented or not supported/enabled in this service.

pub fn internal(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Internal errors. Means some invariants expected by underlying system has been broken. If you see one of these errors, something is very broken.

pub fn unavailable(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The service is currently unavailable. This is a most likely a transient condition and may be corrected by retrying with a back-off.

See litmus test above for deciding between FailedPrecondition, Aborted, and Unavailable.

pub fn data_loss(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

Unrecoverable data loss or corruption.

pub fn unauthenticated(message: impl Into<String>) -> Status

The request does not have valid authentication credentials for the operation.

pub fn code(&self) -> Code

Get the gRPC Code of this Status.

pub fn message(&self) -> &str

Get the text error message of this Status.

pub fn details(&self) -> &[u8]

Get the opaque error details of this Status.

pub fn metadata(&self) -> &MetadataMap

Get a reference to the custom metadata.

pub fn metadata_mut(&mut self) -> &mut MetadataMap

Get a mutable reference to the custom metadata.

pub fn with_details(
    code: Code,
    message: impl Into<String>,
    details: Bytes
) -> Status

Create a new Status with the associated code, message, and binary details field.

pub fn with_metadata(
    code: Code,
    message: impl Into<String>,
    metadata: MetadataMap
) -> Status

Create a new Status with the associated code, message, and custom metadata

pub fn with_details_and_metadata(
    code: Code,
    message: impl Into<String>,
    details: Bytes,
    metadata: MetadataMap
) -> Status

Create a new Status with the associated code, message, binary details field and custom metadata

pub fn to_http(self) -> Response<BoxBody>

Build an http::Response from the given Status.

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for Status

fn clone(&self) -> Status

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for Status

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Display for Status

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Error for Status

fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>

The lower-level source of this error, if any.

fn backtrace(&self) -> Option<&Backtrace>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (backtrace #53487)

Returns a stack backtrace, if available, of where this error occurred.

fn description(&self) -> &str

👎 Deprecated since 1.42.0:

use the Display impl or to_string()

if let Err(e) = "xc".parse::<u32>() { // Print e itself, no need for description(). eprintln!("Error: {}", e); }

fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>

👎 Deprecated since 1.33.0:

replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting

impl From<Error> for Status

fn from(_io: Error) -> Self

Performs the conversion.