Function textwrap::wrap

pub fn wrap<'a, S, Opt>(text: &str, width_or_options: Opt) -> Vec<Cow<'_, str>> where
    S: WordSplitter,
    Opt: Into<Options<'a, S>>, 

Wrap a line of text at a given width.

The result is a vector of lines, each line is of type Cow<'_, str>, which means that the line will borrow from the input &str if possible. The lines do not have a trailing '\n'. Use the fill function if you need a String instead.

The easiest way to use this function is to pass an integer for width_or_options:

use textwrap::wrap;

let lines = wrap("Memory safety without garbage collection.", 15);
assert_eq!(lines, &[
    "Memory safety",
    "without garbage",
    "collection.",
]);

If you need to customize the wrapping, you can pass an Options instead of an usize:

use textwrap::{wrap, Options};

let options = Options::new(15)
    .initial_indent("- ")
    .subsequent_indent("  ");
let lines = wrap("Memory safety without garbage collection.", &options);
assert_eq!(lines, &[
    "- Memory safety",
    "  without",
    "  garbage",
    "  collection.",
]);

Optimal-Fit Wrapping

By default, wrap will try to ensure an even right margin by finding breaks which avoid short lines. We call this an “optimal-fit algorithm” since the line breaks are computed by considering all possible line breaks. The alternative is a “first-fit algorithm” which simply accumulates words until they no longer fit on the line.

As an example, using the first-fit algorithm to wrap the famous Hamlet quote “To be, or not to be: that is the question” in a narrow column with room for only 10 characters looks like this:

To be, or
not to be:
that is
the
question

Notice how the second to last line is quite narrow because “question” was too large to fit? The greedy first-fit algorithm doesn’t look ahead, so it has no other option than to put “question” onto its own line.

With the optimal-fit wrapping algorithm, the previous lines are shortened slightly in order to make the word “is” go into the second last line:

To be,
or not to
be: that
is the
question

Please see core::WrapAlgorithm for details.

Examples

The returned iterator yields lines of type Cow<'_, str>. If possible, the wrapped lines will borrow from the input string. As an example, a hanging indentation, the first line can borrow from the input, but the subsequent lines become owned strings:

use std::borrow::Cow::{Borrowed, Owned};
use textwrap::{wrap, Options};

let options = Options::new(15).subsequent_indent("....");
let lines = wrap("Wrapping text all day long.", &options);
let annotated = lines
    .iter()
    .map(|line| match line {
        Borrowed(text) => format!("[Borrowed] {}", text),
        Owned(text) => format!("[Owned]    {}", text),
    })
    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
assert_eq!(
    annotated,
    &[
        "[Borrowed] Wrapping text",
        "[Owned]    ....all day",
        "[Owned]    ....long.",
    ]
);