[−][src]Crate rcalc_lib

Expression calculator

Calculator transparently supports operations with different type of numbers, converting to appropriate type when it is needed. For instance, sqrt(-2) is automatically converted from integer number -2 to complex one -2+0i and is evaluated to 0+1.4142135623730951i

Extra feature: trigonometric functions support both radians and degrees:

  • Radians are just float numbers: sin(pi/2) returns 1
  • Degrees can be written in one of the following forms: 12°30'45" or 12d30m45s or 12.5125d

Internally degrees are stored and act as float numbers. They only support their own input format. Output format is always a float number.

If two numbers have different types, they are converted to highest type and then the result is calculated. The list of number types starting from highest:

  • Complex numbers. Two input formats supported: 1+2i and 1+i2. i can be capital. j can be used instead of i
  • Float numbers (degrees are float numbers, too)
  • Rational numbers
  • Big integer numbers

Note: sometimes higher types are converted to lower ones. It may happen after multiplication, division, and squaring a number. Examples:

  • sqr(0+2i) -> -4 - automatically complex is converted to float number
  • 1.5 / 0.5 -> 3 - float to big integer
  • 1\2 + 1\2 -> 1 - half and half is an integer one

The list of supported functions:

  • trigonometric functions (including inverted ones): sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan
  • hyperbolic functions (including inverted ones): sinh, cosh, tanh, asinh, acosh, atanh
  • square and square root: sqr and sqrt
  • exponent, logarithm: exp, ln
  • complex functions: norm, re, im, conjugate
  • rounding: ceil, floor, trunc, round
  • float to rational: ratio
  • absolute value and sign: abs, signum
  • fractional part of a float number: fract

Operators (starting from highest priority):

  • ! - factorial (when used after a number or closing bracket)
  • - - unary minus
  • ** - power
  • *, /, // - multiplication, division, integer division
  • +, - - addition, subtraction
  • &, ^ - bitwise AND and XOR
  • |, <<, >> - bitwise OR, SHL, and SHR
  • ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <= - comparison operators

Predefined constants:

  • PI - 3.14159...
  • E - 2.71828...
  • PHI - golden section - 1.6180...

The calculator does not have special type for boolean numbers. When using logical operators any zero value is treated as false and true otherwise. So, doing double NOT transforms any number into big integer 1 or 0 depending on if the original value was zero

Modules

errors
parse
stack
value