1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
//! High performance xml reader/writer.
//!
//! ## Reader
//!
//! Depending on your needs, you can use:
//!
//! - `XmlReader`: for best performance
//! - `XmlnsReader`: if you need to resolve namespaces (around 50% slower than `XmlReader`)
//!
//! ## Writer
//!
//! `XmlWriter`: to write xmls. Can be nested with readers if you want to transform xmls

#![deny(missing_docs)]

#[macro_use]
extern crate log;

pub mod error;
pub mod attributes;
pub mod namespace;
mod escape;

#[cfg(test)]
mod test;

use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{self, BufRead, BufReader, Write};
use std::iter::IntoIterator;
use std::ops::Range;
use std::path::Path;
use std::fmt;
use std::str::from_utf8;
use std::borrow::Cow;

use error::{Error, Result, ResultPos};
use attributes::{Attributes, UnescapedAttributes};
use namespace::XmlnsReader;
use escape::unescape;

#[derive(Clone)]
enum TagState {
    Opened,
    Closed,
    Empty,
}

/// A trait to support on-demand conversion from UTF-8
pub trait AsStr {
    /// Converts this to an `&str`
    fn as_str(&self) -> Result<&str>;
}

/// Implements `AsStr` for a byte slice
impl AsStr for [u8] {
    fn as_str(&self) -> Result<&str> {
        from_utf8(self).map_err(Error::Utf8)
    }
}

/// A Xml reader
///
/// Consumes a `BufRead` and streams xml `Event`s
///
/// ```
/// use quick_xml::{XmlReader, Event};
///
/// let xml = r#"<tag1 att1 = "test">
///                 <tag2><!--Test comment-->Test</tag2>
///                 <tag2>Test 2</tag2>
///             </tag1>"#;
/// let reader = XmlReader::from(xml).trim_text(true);
/// let mut count = 0;
/// let mut txt = Vec::new();
/// for r in reader {
///     match r {
///         Ok(Event::Start(ref e)) => {
///             match e.name() {
///                 b"tag1" => println!("attributes values: {:?}",
///                                     e.attributes()
///                                     .map(|a| a.unwrap().1)
///                                     .collect::<Vec<_>>()),
///                 b"tag2" => count += 1,
///                 _ => (),
///             }
///         },
///         Ok(Event::Text(e)) => txt.push(e.into_string()),
///         Err((e, pos)) => panic!("{:?} at position {}", e, pos),
///         _ => (),
///     }
/// }
/// ```
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct XmlReader<B: BufRead> {
    /// reader
    reader: B,
    /// if was error, exit next
    exit: bool,
    /// all currently Started elements which didn't have a matching
    /// End element yet
    opened: Vec<Element>,
    /// current state Open/Close
    tag_state: TagState,
    /// expand empty element into an opening and closing element
    expand_empty_elements: bool,
    /// trims Text events, skip the element if text is empty
    trim_text: bool,
    /// check if End nodes match last Start node
    with_check: bool,
    /// check if comments contains `--` (false per default)
    check_comments: bool,
    /// current buffer position, useful for debuging errors
    buf_position: usize,
}

impl<'a> ::std::convert::From<&'a str> for XmlReader<&'a [u8]> {
    fn from(reader: &'a str) -> XmlReader<&'a [u8]> {
        XmlReader::from_reader(reader.as_bytes())
    }
}

impl<B: BufRead> XmlReader<B> {
    /// Creates a XmlReader from a generic BufReader
    pub fn from_reader(reader: B) -> XmlReader<B> {
        XmlReader {
            reader: reader,
            exit: false,
            opened: Vec::new(),
            tag_state: TagState::Closed,
            expand_empty_elements: true,
            trim_text: false,
            with_check: true,
            buf_position: 0,
            check_comments: false,
        }
    }

    /// Converts into a `XmlnsReader` iterator
    pub fn namespaced(self) -> XmlnsReader<B> {
        XmlnsReader::new(self)
    }

    /// Change expand_empty_elements default behaviour (true per default)
    ///
    /// When set to true, all `Empty` events are expanded into an `Open` event
    /// followed by a `Close` Event.
    pub fn expand_empty_elements(mut self, val: bool) -> XmlReader<B> {
        self.expand_empty_elements = val;
        self
    }

    /// Change trim_text default behaviour (false per default)
    ///
    /// When set to true, all Text events are trimed.
    /// If they are empty, no event if pushed
    pub fn trim_text(mut self, val: bool) -> XmlReader<B> {
        self.trim_text = val;
        self
    }

    /// Change default with_check (true per default)
    ///
    /// When set to true, it won't check if End node match last Start node.
    /// If the xml is known to be sane (already processed etc ...)
    /// this saves extra time
    pub fn with_check(mut self, val: bool) -> XmlReader<B> {
        self.with_check = val;
        self
    }

    /// Change default check_comment (false per default)
    ///
    /// When set to true, every Comment event will be checked for not containing `--`
    /// Most of the time we don't want comments at all so we don't really care about
    /// comment correctness, thus default value is false for performance reason
    pub fn check_comments(mut self, val: bool) -> XmlReader<B> {
        self.check_comments = val;
        self
    }

    /// Reads until end element is found
    ///
    /// Manages nested cases where parent and child elements have the same name
    pub fn read_to_end<K: AsRef<[u8]>>(&mut self, end: K) -> ResultPos<()> {
        let mut depth = 0;
        let end = end.as_ref();
        loop {
            match self.next() {
                Some(Ok(Event::End(ref e))) if e.name() == end => {
                    if depth == 0 {
                        return Ok(());
                    }
                    depth -= 1;
                }
                Some(Ok(Event::Start(ref e))) if e.name() == end => depth += 1,
                Some(Err(e)) => return Err(e),
                None => {
                    warn!("EOF instead of {:?}", from_utf8(end));
                    return Err((Error::Unexpected(format!(
                                    "Reached EOF, expecting {:?} end tag",
                                    from_utf8(end))),
                                self.buf_position));
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }
    }

    /// Reads next event, if `Event::Text` or `Event::End`,
    /// then returns a `String`, else returns an error
    pub fn read_text<K: AsRef<[u8]>>(&mut self, end: K) -> ResultPos<String> {
        match self.next() {
            Some(Ok(Event::Text(e))) => {
                self.read_to_end(end)
                    .and_then(|_| e.into_string().map_err(|e| (e, self.buf_position)))
            }
            Some(Ok(Event::End(ref e))) if e.name() == end.as_ref() => {
                Ok("".to_string())
            },
            Some(Err(e)) => Err(e),
            None => {
                Err((Error::Unexpected("Reached EOF while reading text".to_string()),
                     self.buf_position))
            }
            _ => {
                Err((Error::Unexpected("Cannot read text, expecting Event::Text".to_string()),
                     self.buf_position))
            }
        }
    }

    /// Gets the current BufRead position
    /// Useful when debugging errors
    pub fn buffer_position(&self) -> usize {
        self.buf_position
    }

    /// private function to read until '<' is found
    /// return a `Text` event
    fn read_until_open(&mut self) -> Option<ResultPos<Event>> {
        self.tag_state = TagState::Opened;
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        match read_until(&mut self.reader, b'<', &mut buf) {
            Ok(0) => None,
            Ok(n) => {
                self.buf_position += n;
                let (start, len) = if self.trim_text {
                    match buf.iter().position(|&b| !is_whitespace(b)) {
                        Some(start) => {
                            (start, buf.len() - buf.iter().rev()
                                                   .position(|&b| !is_whitespace(b))
                                                   .unwrap_or(0))
                        }
                        None => return self.next(),
                    }
                } else {
                    (0, buf.len())
                };
                Some(Ok(Event::Text(Element::from_buffer(buf, start, len, len))))
            }
            Err(e) => Some(self.error(e, 0)),
        }
    }

    /// private function to read until '>' is found
    fn read_until_close(&mut self) -> Option<ResultPos<Event>> {
        self.tag_state = TagState::Closed;
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        match read_until(&mut self.reader, b'>', &mut buf) {
            Ok(0) => None,
            Ok(n) => {
                self.buf_position += n;
                match buf[0] {
                    b'/' => Some(self.read_end(buf)),
                    b'!' => Some(self.read_bang(buf)),
                    b'?' => Some(self.read_question_mark(buf)),
                    _ => Some(self.read_start(buf)),
                }
            }
            Err(e) => Some(self.error(e, 0)),
        }
    }

    /// reads `Element` starting with a `/`,
    /// if `self.with_check`, checks that element matches last opened element
    /// return `End` event
    fn read_end(&mut self, buf: Vec<u8>) -> ResultPos<Event> {
        let len = buf.len();
        if self.with_check {
            let e = match self.opened.pop() {
                Some(e) => e,
                None => return self.error(
                    Error::Malformed(format!("Cannot close {:?} element, \
                                             there is no opened element",
                                             buf[1..].as_str())), len),
            };
            if &buf[1..] != e.name() {
                let m = format!("End event {:?} doesn't match last \
                                opened element {:?}, opened: {:?}",
                                Element::from_buffer(buf, 1, len, len), e, &self.opened);
                return self.error(Error::Malformed(m), len);
            }
        }
        Ok(Event::End(Element::from_buffer(buf, 1, len, len)))
    }

    /// reads `Element` starting with a `!`,
    /// return `Comment`, `CData` or `DocType` event
    fn read_bang(&mut self, mut buf: Vec<u8>) -> ResultPos<Event> {
        let len = buf.len();
        if len >= 3 && &buf[1..3] == b"--" {
            let mut len = buf.len();
            while len < 5 || &buf[(len - 2)..] != b"--" {
                buf.push(b'>');
                match read_until(&mut self.reader, b'>', &mut buf) {
                    Ok(0) => return self.error(
                        Error::Malformed("Unescaped Comment event".to_string()), len),
                    Ok(n) => self.buf_position += n,
                    Err(e) => return self.error(e, 0),
                }
                len = buf.len();
            }
            if self.check_comments {
                let mut offset = len - 3;
                for w in buf[3..(len - 1)].windows(2) {
                    if &*w == b"--" {
                        return self.error(
                            Error::Malformed("Unexpected token '--'".to_string()), offset);
                    }
                    offset -= 1;
                }
            }
            Ok(Event::Comment(Element::from_buffer(buf, 3, len - 2, len - 2)))
        } else if len >= 8 {
            match &buf[1..8] {
                b"[CDATA[" => {
                    let mut len = buf.len();
                    while len < 10 || &buf[(len - 2)..] != b"]]" {
                        buf.push(b'>');
                        match read_until(&mut self.reader, b'>', &mut buf) {
                            Ok(0) => return self.error(
                                Error::Malformed("Unescaped CDATA event".to_string()), len),
                            Ok(n) => self.buf_position += n,
                            Err(e) => return self.error(e, 0),
                        }
                        len = buf.len();
                    }
                    Ok(Event::CData(Element::from_buffer(buf, 8, len - 2, len - 2)))
                }
                b"DOCTYPE" => {
                    let mut count = buf.iter().filter(|&&b| b == b'<').count();
                    while count > 0 {
                        buf.push(b'>');
                        match read_until(&mut self.reader, b'>', &mut buf) {
                            Ok(0) => return self.error(
                                Error::Malformed("Unescaped DOCTYPE node".to_string()), buf.len()),
                            Ok(n) => {
                                self.buf_position += n;
                                let start = buf.len() - n;
                                count += buf[start..].iter().filter(|&&b| b == b'<').count() - 1;
                            }
                            Err(e) => return self.error(e, 0),
                        }
                    }
                    let len = buf.len();
                    Ok(Event::DocType(Element::from_buffer(buf, 1, len, 8)))
                }
                _ => self.error(Error::Malformed("Only Comment, CDATA and DOCTYPE nodes \
                                                 can start with a '!'".to_string()), 0),
            }
        } else {
            self.error(Error::Malformed("Only Comment, CDATA and DOCTYPE nodes can start \
                                        with a '!'".to_string()), buf.len())
        }
    }

    /// reads `Element` starting with a `?`,
    /// return `Decl` or `PI` event
    fn read_question_mark(&mut self, buf: Vec<u8>) -> ResultPos<Event> {
        let len = buf.len();
        if len > 2 && buf[len - 1] == b'?' {
            if len > 5 && &buf[1..4] == b"xml" && is_whitespace(buf[4]) {
                Ok(Event::Decl(XmlDecl { element: Element::from_buffer(buf, 1, len - 1, 3) }))
            } else {
                Ok(Event::PI(Element::from_buffer(buf, 1, len - 1, 3)))
            }
        } else {
            self.error(Error::Malformed("Unescaped XmlDecl event".to_string()), len)
        }
    }

    fn close_expanded_empty(&mut self) -> Option<ResultPos<Event>> {
        self.tag_state = TagState::Closed;
        let e = self.opened.pop().unwrap();
        Some(Ok(Event::End(e)))
    }

    /// reads `Element` starting with any character except `/`, `!` or ``?`
    /// return `Start` or `Empty` event
    fn read_start(&mut self, buf: Vec<u8>) -> ResultPos<Event> {
        // TODO: do this directly when reading bufreader ...
        let len = buf.len();
        let name_end = buf.iter().position(|&b| is_whitespace(b)).unwrap_or(len);
        if buf[len - 1] == b'/' {
            let end = if name_end < len { name_end } else { len - 1 };
            let element = Element::from_buffer(buf, 0, len - 1, end);
            if self.expand_empty_elements {
                self.tag_state = TagState::Empty;
                self.opened.push(element.clone());
                Ok(Event::Start(element))
            } else {
                Ok(Event::Empty(element))
            }
        } else {
            let element = Element::from_buffer(buf, 0, len, name_end);
            if self.with_check { self.opened.push(element.clone()); }
            Ok(Event::Start(element))
        }
    }

    /// returns `Err(Error, buf_position - offset)`
    /// sets `self.exit = true` so next call will terminate the iterator
    fn error(&mut self, e: Error, offset: usize) -> ResultPos<Event> {
        self.exit = true;
        Err((e, self.buf_position - offset))
    }
}

impl XmlReader<BufReader<File>> {
    /// Creates a xml reader from a file path
    pub fn from_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<XmlReader<BufReader<File>>> {
        let reader = BufReader::new(try!(File::open(path)));
        Ok(XmlReader::from_reader(reader))
    }
}

/// Iterator on xml returning `Event`s
impl<B: BufRead> Iterator for XmlReader<B> {
    type Item = ResultPos<Event>;

    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        if self.exit {
            return None;
        }
        match self.tag_state {
            TagState::Opened => self.read_until_close(),
            TagState::Closed => self.read_until_open(),
            TagState::Empty => self.close_expanded_empty(),
        }
    }
}
/// General content of an event (aka node)
///
/// Element is a wrapper over the bytes representing the node:
///
/// E.g. given a node `<name att1="a", att2="b">`, the corresponding `Event` will be
///
/// ```ignore
/// Event::Start(Element {
///     buf:    b"name att1=\"a\", att2=\"b\"",
///     start:  0,
///     end:    b"name att1=\"a\", att2=\"b\"".len(),
///     name_end: b"name".len()
/// })
/// ```
///
/// For performance reasons, most of the time, no character searches but
/// `b'<'` and `b'>'` are performed:
///
/// - no attribute parsing: use lazy `Attributes` iterator only when needed
/// - no namespace awareness as it requires parsing all `Start` element attributes
/// - no utf8 conversion: prefer searching statically binary comparisons
/// then use the `as_str` or `into_string` methods
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Element {
    /// content of the element, before any utf8 conversion
    buf: Vec<u8>,
    /// content range, excluding text defining Event type
    content: Range<usize>,
    /// element name range
    name: Range<usize>,
}

impl Element {
    /// Creates a new Element from the given name.
    /// name is a reference that can be converted to a byte slice,
    /// such as &[u8] or &str
    pub fn new<A>(name: A) -> Element
        where A: AsRef<[u8]>
    {
        let bytes = Vec::from(name.as_ref());
        let end = bytes.len();
        Element::from_buffer(bytes, 0, end, end)
    }

    /// private function to create a new element from a buffer.
    #[inline]
    fn from_buffer(buf: Vec<u8>, start: usize, end: usize, name_end: usize)
        -> Element
    {
        Element {
            buf: buf,
            content: Range { start: start, end: end },
            name: Range { start: start, end: name_end },
        }
    }

    /// Consumes self and adds attributes to this element from an iterator
    /// over (key, value) tuples.
    /// Key and value can be anything that implements the AsRef<[u8]> trait,
    /// like byte slices and strings.
    pub fn with_attributes<K, V, I>(mut self, attributes: I) -> Self
        where K: AsRef<[u8]>,
              V: AsRef<[u8]>,
              I: IntoIterator<Item = (K, V)>
    {
        self.extend_attributes(attributes);
        self
    }

    /// name as &[u8] (without eventual attributes)
    pub fn name(&self) -> &[u8] {
        &self.buf[self.name.clone()]
    }

    /// whole content as &[u8] (including eventual attributes)
    pub fn content(&self) -> &[u8] {
        &self.buf[self.content.clone()]
    }

    /// gets escaped content
    ///
    /// Searches for '&' into content and try to escape the coded character if possible
    /// returns Malformed error with index within element if '&' is not followed by ';'
    pub fn unescaped_content(&self) -> ResultPos<Cow<[u8]>> {
        unescape(self.content())
    }

    /// gets attributes iterator
    pub fn attributes(&self) -> Attributes {
        Attributes::new(self.content(), self.name.end)
    }

    /// gets attributes iterator whose attribute values are unescaped ('&...;' replaced
    /// by their corresponding character)
    pub fn unescaped_attributes(&self) -> UnescapedAttributes {
        self.attributes().unescaped()
    }

    /// extend the attributes of this element from an iterator over (key, value) tuples.
    /// Key and value can be anything that implements the AsRef<[u8]> trait,
    /// like byte slices and strings.
    pub fn extend_attributes<K, V, I>(&mut self, attributes: I) -> &mut Element
        where K: AsRef<[u8]>,
              V: AsRef<[u8]>,
              I: IntoIterator<Item = (K, V)>
    {
        for attr in attributes {
            self.push_attribute(attr.0, attr.1);
        }
        self
    }

    /// consumes entire self (including eventual attributes!) and returns `String`
    ///
    /// useful when we need to get Text event value (which don't have attributes)
    pub fn into_string(self) -> Result<String> {
        ::std::string::String::from_utf8(self.buf)
            .map_err(|e| Error::Utf8(e.utf8_error()))
    }

    /// Adds an attribute to this element from the given key and value.
    /// Key and value can be anything that implements the AsRef<[u8]> trait,
    /// like byte slices and strings.
    pub fn push_attribute<K, V>(&mut self, key: K, value: V)
        where K: AsRef<[u8]>,
              V: AsRef<[u8]>
    {
        let bytes = &mut self.buf;
        bytes.push(b' ');
        bytes.extend_from_slice(key.as_ref());
        bytes.extend_from_slice(b"=\"");
        bytes.extend_from_slice(value.as_ref());
        bytes.push(b'"');
        self.content.end = bytes.len();
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for Element {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::result::Result<(), fmt::Error> {
        write!(f,
               "Element {{ buf: {:?}, name_end: {}, end: {} }}",
               self.content().as_str(),
               self.name.end,
               self.content.end)
    }
}

/// Wrapper around `Element` to parse `XmlDecl`
///
/// Postpone element parsing only when needed
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct XmlDecl {
    element: Element,
}

impl XmlDecl {

    /// Gets xml version, including quotes (' or ")
    pub fn version(&self) -> ResultPos<&[u8]> {
        match self.element.attributes().next() {
            Some(Err(e)) => Err(e),
            Some(Ok((b"version", v))) => Ok(v),
            Some(Ok((k, _))) => {
                let m = format!("XmlDecl must start with 'version' attribute, found {:?}",
                                k.as_str());
                Err((Error::Malformed(m), 0))
            }
            None => {
                let m = "XmlDecl must start with 'version' attribute, found none".to_string();
                Err((Error::Malformed(m), 0))
            }
        }
    }

    /// Gets xml encoding, including quotes (' or ")
    pub fn encoding(&self) -> Option<ResultPos<&[u8]>> {
        for a in self.element.attributes() {
            match a {
                Err(e) => return Some(Err(e)),
                Ok((b"encoding", v)) => return Some(Ok(v)),
                _ => (),
            }
        }
        None
    }

    /// Gets xml standalone, including quotes (' or ")
    pub fn standalone(&self) -> Option<ResultPos<&[u8]>> {
        for a in self.element.attributes() {
            match a {
                Err(e) => return Some(Err(e)),
                Ok((b"standalone", v)) => return Some(Ok(v)),
                _ => (),
            }
        }
        None
    }
}

/// Event to interprete node as they are parsed
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub enum Event {
    /// Start tag (with attributes) <...>
    Start(Element),
    /// End tag </...>
    End(Element),
    /// Empty element tag (with attributes) <.../>
    Empty(Element),
    /// Data between Start and End element
    Text(Element),
    /// Comment <!-- ... -->
    Comment(Element),
    /// CData <![CDATA[...]]>
    CData(Element),
    /// Xml declaration <?xml ...?>
    Decl(XmlDecl),
    /// Processing instruction <?...?>
    PI(Element),
    /// Doctype <!DOCTYPE...>
    DocType(Element),
}

impl Event {
    /// returns inner Element for the event
    pub fn element(&self) -> &Element {
        match *self {
            Event::Start(ref e) |
            Event::End(ref e) |
            Event::Empty(ref e) |
            Event::Text(ref e) |
            Event::Comment(ref e) |
            Event::CData(ref e) |
            Event::PI(ref e) |
            Event::DocType(ref e) => e,
            Event::Decl(ref e) => &e.element,
        }
    }
}

#[inline]
fn is_whitespace(b: u8) -> bool {
    match b {
        b' ' | b'\r' | b'\n' | b'\t' => true,
        _ => false,
    }
}

/// `read_until` slighly modified from rust std library
///
/// only change is that we do not write the matching character
#[inline]
fn read_until<R: BufRead>(r: &mut R, byte: u8, buf: &mut Vec<u8>)
    -> Result<usize>
{
    let mut read = 0;
    let mut done = false;
    while !done {
        let used = {
            let available = match r.fill_buf() {
                Ok(n) if n.is_empty() => return Ok(read),
                Ok(n) => n,
                Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::Interrupted => continue,
                Err(e) => return Err(Error::Io(e)),
            };

            let mut bytes = available.iter().enumerate();

            let used: usize;
            loop {
                match bytes.next() {
                    Some((i, &b)) => {
                        if b == byte {
                            buf.extend_from_slice(&available[..i]);
                            done = true;
                            used = i + 1;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    None => {
                        buf.extend_from_slice(available);
                        used = available.len();
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            used
        };
        r.consume(used);
        read += used;
    }
    Ok(read)
}

/// Xml writer
///
/// Consumes a `Write` and writes xml Events
///
/// ```
/// use quick_xml::{AsStr, Element, Event, XmlReader, XmlWriter};
/// use quick_xml::Event::*;
/// use std::io::Cursor;
/// use std::iter;
///
/// let xml = r#"<this_tag k1="v1" k2="v2"><child>text</child></this_tag>"#;
/// let reader = XmlReader::from(xml).trim_text(true);
/// let mut writer = XmlWriter::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
/// for r in reader {
///     match r {
///         Ok(Event::Start(ref e)) if e.name() == b"this_tag" => {
///             // collect existing attributes
///             let mut attrs = e.attributes()
///                              .map(|attr| attr.unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
///
///             // copy existing attributes, adds a new my-key="some value" attribute
///             let mut elem = Element::new("my_elem").with_attributes(attrs);
///             elem.push_attribute(b"my-key", "some value");
///
///             // writes the event to the writer
///             assert!(writer.write(Start(elem)).is_ok());
///         },
///         Ok(Event::End(ref e)) if e.name() == b"this_tag" => {
///             assert!(writer.write(End(Element::new("my_elem"))).is_ok());
///         },
///         Ok(e) => assert!(writer.write(e).is_ok()),
///         Err((e, pos)) => panic!("{:?} at position {}", e, pos),
///     }
/// }
///
/// let result = writer.into_inner().into_inner();
/// let expected = r#"<my_elem k1="v1" k2="v2" my-key="some value"><child>text</child></my_elem>"#;
/// assert_eq!(result, expected.as_bytes());
/// ```
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct XmlWriter<W: Write> {
    /// underlying writer
    writer: W,
}

impl<W: Write> XmlWriter<W> {
    /// Creates a XmlWriter from a generic Write
    pub fn new(inner: W) -> XmlWriter<W> {
        XmlWriter { writer: inner }
    }

    /// Consumes this `XmlWriter`, returning the underlying writer.
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> W {
        self.writer
    }

    /// Writes the given event to the underlying writer.
    pub fn write(&mut self, event: Event) -> Result<()> {
        match event {
            Event::Start(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<", e, b">"),
            Event::End(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_bytes(b"</", &e.name(), b">"),
            Event::Empty(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<", e, b"/>"),
            Event::Text(ref e) => self.write_bytes(e.content()),
            Event::Comment(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<!--", e, b"-->"),
            Event::CData(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<![CDATA[", e, b"]]>"),
            Event::Decl(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<?", &e.element, b"?>"),
            Event::PI(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<?", e, b"?>"),
            Event::DocType(ref e) => self.write_wrapped_element(b"<!DOCTYPE", e, b">"),
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn write_bytes(&mut self, value: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
        try!(self.writer.write(value));
        Ok(())
    }

    fn write_wrapped_bytes(&mut self, before: &[u8], value: &[u8], after: &[u8])
        -> Result<()>
    {
        try!(self.writer.write(before)
            .and_then(|_| self.writer.write(value))
            .and_then(|_| self.writer.write(after)));
        Ok(())
    }

    #[inline]
    fn write_wrapped_element(&mut self, before: &[u8], element: &Element, after: &[u8])
        -> Result<()>
    {
        self.write_wrapped_bytes(before, &element.content(), after)
    }
}