use std::time::Duration;
use reqwest::Client;
use scraper::Html;
use super::error::EngineError;
use super::models::SearchResult;
const ENGINE: &str = "duckduckgo";
const DDG_URL: &str = "https://html.duckduckgo.com/html/";
const MAX_BODY_BYTES: usize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
pub async fn search(
client: &Client,
query: &str,
max_results: usize,
timeout: Duration,
) -> Result<Vec<SearchResult>, EngineError> {
let response = tokio::time::timeout(
timeout,
client.get(DDG_URL).query(&[("q", query)]).send(),
)
.await
.map_err(|_| EngineError::Timeout { engine: ENGINE })?
.map_err(|e| EngineError::Http {
engine: ENGINE,
source: e,
})?;
if !response.status().is_success() {
return Err(EngineError::BadStatus {
engine: ENGINE,
status: response.status().as_u16(),
});
}
let bytes = response.bytes().await.map_err(|e| EngineError::Http {
engine: ENGINE,
source: e,
})?;
if bytes.len() > MAX_BODY_BYTES {
return Err(EngineError::ParseFailed {
engine: ENGINE,
reason: format!("response body too large: {} bytes", bytes.len()),
});
}
let body = String::from_utf8_lossy(&bytes).into_owned();
parse(&body, max_results)
}
fn parse(html: &str, max_results: usize) -> Result<Vec<SearchResult>, EngineError> {
let document = Html::parse_document(html);
let result_sel = sel(ENGINE, "div.result")?;
let title_sel = sel(ENGINE, "a.result__a")?;
let snippet_sel = sel(ENGINE, "a.result__snippet")?;
let mut results = Vec::new();
for element in document.select(&result_sel) {
if results.len() >= max_results {
break;
}
let Some(title_el) = element.select(&title_sel).next() else {
continue;
};
let title = title_el.text().collect::<String>().trim().to_string();
if title.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let href = title_el.value().attr("href").unwrap_or("");
let Some(url) = extract_destination_url(href) else {
continue;
};
if url.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let snippet = element
.select(&snippet_sel)
.next()
.map(|el| el.text().collect::<String>().trim().to_string())
.filter(|s| !s.is_empty());
results.push(SearchResult {
title,
url,
snippet,
source_engine: ENGINE.to_string(),
});
}
Ok(results)
}
fn extract_destination_url(href: &str) -> Option<String> {
let full = format!("https://html.duckduckgo.com{href}");
let parsed = url::Url::parse(&full).ok()?;
parsed
.query_pairs()
.find(|(k, _)| k == "uddg")
.map(|(_, v)| v.into_owned())
}
fn sel(engine: &'static str, s: &str) -> Result<scraper::Selector, EngineError> {
scraper::Selector::parse(s).map_err(|e| EngineError::ParseFailed {
engine,
reason: format!("invalid selector '{s}': {e:?}"),
})
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_extract_destination_url() {
let href = "/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rust-lang.org%2F&rut=abc123";
assert_eq!(
extract_destination_url(href),
Some("https://www.rust-lang.org/".to_string())
);
}
#[test]
fn test_parse_extracts_results() {
let html = r#"
<div class="result">
<a class="result__a" href="/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com">Example Site</a>
<a class="result__snippet">An example website for testing.</a>
</div>
<div class="result">
<a class="result__a" href="/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Frust-lang.org">Rust</a>
<a class="result__snippet">Systems programming language.</a>
</div>
"#;
let results = parse(html, 10).unwrap();
assert_eq!(results.len(), 2);
assert_eq!(results[0].title, "Example Site");
assert_eq!(results[0].url, "https://example.com");
assert_eq!(results[1].url, "https://rust-lang.org");
assert!(results[0].snippet.is_some());
}
#[test]
fn test_parse_respects_max_results() {
let result_html = r#"<div class="result"><a class="result__a" href="/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com">T</a></div>"#;
let html = result_html.repeat(5);
let results = parse(&html, 2).unwrap();
assert_eq!(results.len(), 2);
}
#[test]
fn test_parse_skips_missing_snippet() {
let html = r#"
<div class="result">
<a class="result__a" href="/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com">Title</a>
</div>
"#;
let results = parse(html, 10).unwrap();
assert_eq!(results.len(), 1);
assert!(results[0].snippet.is_none());
}
#[test]
fn test_parse_skips_invalid_url() {
let html = r#"
<div class="result">
<a class="result__a" href="/relative/path">Title</a>
<a class="result__snippet">Snippet text.</a>
</div>
<div class="result">
<a class="result__a" href="/l/?uddg=https%3A%2F%2Fvalid.com">Valid</a>
<a class="result__snippet">Valid snippet.</a>
</div>
"#;
let results = parse(html, 10).unwrap();
assert_eq!(results.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(results[0].url, "https://valid.com");
}
}