Crossterm | cross-platform terminal manipulating library.

Lines of Code

Ever got disappointed when a terminal library for rust was only written for UNIX systems? Crossterm provides the same core functionalities for both Windows and UNIX systems.

Crossterm aims to be simple and easy to call in code. Through the simplicity of Crossterm, you do not have to worry about the platform you are working with.

This crate supports all UNIX and windows terminals down to windows 7 (not all terminals are tested see Tested Terminals for more info)

Getting Started

This documentation is only for Crossterm version 0.5.^ if you have an older version of Crossterm I suggest you check the Upgrade Manual. Also, check out the examples folders with detailed examples for all functionality of this crate.

Add the Crossterm package to your Cargo.toml file.

[dependencies]
crossterm = "0.5.4"

And import the Crossterm modules you want to use.

extern crate crossterm;

// this module is used for styling the terminal
use crossterm::style::*;
// this module is used for cursor related actions
use crossterm::cursor::*;
// this module is used for terminal related actions
use crossterm::terminal::*;
// this module is used for input related actions
use crossterm::input::*;

Useful Links

Features

These are the features from this crate:

Cross-platform
Everything is multithreaded (Send, Sync)
Detailed documentation on every item
Very few dependencies.
Cursor.
- Moving n times Up, Down, Left, Right
- Goto a certain position
- Get cursor position
- Storing the current cursor position and resetting to that stored cursor position later
- Hiding an showing the cursor
- Control over blinking of the terminal cursor (only some terminals are supporting this)
Styled output
- Foreground color (16 base colors)
- Background color (16 base colors)
- 256 color support (Windows 10 and UNIX only)
- RGB support (Windows 10 and UNIX only)
- Text Attributes like: bold, italic, underscore and crossed word ect (Windows 10 and UNIX only)
Terminal
- Clearing (all lines, current line, from cursor down and up, until new line)
- Scrolling (Up, down)
- Get the size of the terminal
- Set the size of the terminal
- Alternate screen
- Raw screen
- Exit the current process
Input
- Read character
- Read line
- Read async
- Read async until
- Wait for key event (terminal pause)

Examples

These are some basic examples demonstrating how to use this crate. See examples for more.

Crossterm Type | see more

This is a wrapper for all the modules crossterm provides like terminal, cursor, styling and input.

// screen wheron the `Crossterm` methods will be executed.
let crossterm = Crossterm::new();

// get instance of the modules, whereafter you can use the methods the particulary module provides. 
let color = crossterm.color();
let cursor = crossterm.cursor();
let terminal = crossterm.terminal();

// styling
println!("{}", crossterm.style("Black font on Green background color").with(Color::Black).on(Color::Green));

Styled Font | see more

This module provides the functionalities to style the terminal.

use crossterm::style::{Color, style};

// store objcets so it could be painted later to the screen.   
let style1 = style("Some Blue font on Black background").with(Color::Blue).on(Color::Black);
let style2 = style("Some Red font on Yellow background").with(Color::Red).on(Color::Yellow);

// styling font with (Windows 10 and UNIX systems)
let normal = style("Normal text");
let bold = style("Bold text").bold();
let italic = style("Italic text").italic();
let slow_blink = style("Slow blinking text").slow_blink();
let rapid_blink = style("Rapid blinking text").rapid_blink();
let hidden = style("Hidden text").hidden();
let underlined = style("Underlined text").underlined();
let reversed = style("Reversed text").reverse();
let dimmed = style("Dim text").dim();
let crossed_out = style("Crossed out font").crossed_out();

// paint styled text to screen (this could also be called inline) 
println!("{}", style1);
println!("{}", style2);
println!("{}", bold);
println!("{}", hidden);
...

// custom rgb value (Windows 10 and UNIX systems)
style("RGB color (10,10,10) ").with(Color::Rgb {
    r: 10,
    g: 10,
    b: 10
}));

// custom ansi color value (Windows 10 and UNIX systems)
style("ANSI color value (50) ").with(Color::AnsiValue(50));

Cursor | see more

This module provides the functionalities to work with the terminal cursor.

use crossterm::cursor;

let mut cursor = cursor();

/// Moving the cursor
// Set the cursor to position X: 10, Y: 5 in the terminal
cursor.goto(10,5);

// Move the cursor up,right,down,left 3 cells.
cursor.move_up(3);
cursor.move_right(3);
cursor.move_down(3);
cursor.move_left(3);

/// Safe the current cursor position to recall later
// Goto X: 5 Y: 5
cursor.goto(5,5);
// Safe cursor position: X: 5 Y: 5
cursor.save_position();
// Goto X: 5 Y: 20
cursor.goto(5,20);
// Print at X: 5 Y: 20.
print!("Yea!");
// Reset back to X: 5 Y: 5.
cursor.reset_position();
// Print 'Back' at X: 5 Y: 5.
print!("Back");

// hide cursor
cursor.hide();
// show cursor
cursor.show();
// blink or not blinking of the cursor (not widely supported)
cursor.blink(true)

Input | see more

This module provides the functionalities to work with terminal input.

use crossterm::input;

let mut input = input();

 match input.read_char() {
    Ok(s) => println!("char typed: {}", s),
    Err(e) => println!("char error : {}", e),
 }
 
 match input.read_line() {
     Ok(s) => println!("string typed: {}", s),
     Err(e) => println!("error: {}", e),
 }

Terminal | see more

This module provides the functionalities to work with the terminal in general.

use crossterm::terminal::{terminal,ClearType};

let mut terminal = terminal();

// Clear all lines in terminal;
terminal.clear(ClearType::All);
// Clear all cells from current cursor position down.
terminal.clear(ClearType::FromCursorDown);
// Clear all cells from current cursor position down.
terminal.clear(ClearType::FromCursorUp);
// Clear current line cells.
terminal.clear(ClearType::CurrentLine);
// Clear all the cells until next line.
terminal.clear(ClearType::UntilNewLine);

// Get terminal size
let (width, height) = terminal.terminal_size();
print!("X: {}, y: {}", width, height);

// Scroll down, up 10 lines.
terminal.scroll_down(10);
terminal.scroll_up(10);

// Set terminal size (width, height)
terminal.set_size(10,10);

// exit the current process.
terminal.exit();

// write to the terminal whether you are on the main screen or alternate screen.
terminal.write("Some text\n Some text on new line");

Alternate and Raw Screen

These concepts are a little more complex, please checkout the book topics about these subjects.

Tested terminals

Windows Powershell
- Windows 10 (pro)
Windows CMD
- Windows 10 (pro)
- Windows 8.1 (N)
Ubuntu Desktop Terminal
- Ubuntu 17.10
(Arch, Manjaro) KDE Konsole
Linux Mint

This crate supports all Unix terminals and windows terminals down to Windows 7 but not all of them have been tested. If you have used this library for a terminal other than the above list without issues feel free to add it to the above list, I really would appreciate it.

Notice

This library is quite stable now, changes could be expected but they will probably be not that big. If there are any changes that will affect previous versions I will describe what to change to upgrade.

Todo

I still have some things in mind to implement.

Handling mouse events: I want to be able to do something based on the clicks the user has done with its mouse.
Handling key events: I want to be able to read key combination inputs.
Tests: Find a way to test: color, alternate screen, rawscreen

Contributing

I highly appreciate it when you are contributing to this crate. Also Since my native language is not English my grammar and sentence order will not be perfect. So improving this by correcting these mistakes will help both me and the reader of the docs.

Check Contributing for more info about branches and code architecture.

Authors

Timon Post - Project Owner & creator

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE.md file for details

crossterm 0.5.5