Struct camino::Utf8Path[][src]

#[repr(transparent)]pub struct Utf8Path(_);

A slice of a UTF-8 path (akin to str).

This type supports a number of operations for inspecting a path, including breaking the path into its components (separated by / on Unix and by either / or \ on Windows), extracting the file name, determining whether the path is absolute, and so on.

This is an unsized type, meaning that it must always be used behind a pointer like & or Box. For an owned version of this type, see Utf8PathBuf.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

// Note: this example does work on Windows
let path = Utf8Path::new("./foo/bar.txt");

let parent = path.parent();
assert_eq!(parent, Some(Utf8Path::new("./foo")));

let file_stem = path.file_stem();
assert_eq!(file_stem, Some("bar"));

let extension = path.extension();
assert_eq!(extension, Some("txt"));

Implementations

impl Utf8Path[src]

pub fn new(s: &impl AsRef<str> + ?Sized) -> &Utf8Path[src]

Directly wraps a string slice as a Utf8Path slice.

This is a cost-free conversion.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

Utf8Path::new("foo.txt");

You can create Utf8Paths from Strings, or even other Utf8Paths:

use camino::Utf8Path;

let string = String::from("foo.txt");
let from_string = Utf8Path::new(&string);
let from_path = Utf8Path::new(&from_string);
assert_eq!(from_string, from_path);

pub fn from_path(path: &Path) -> Option<&Utf8Path>[src]

Converts a Path to a Utf8Path.

Returns None if the path is not valid UTF-8.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
use std::ffi::OsStr;
use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
use std::path::Path;

let unicode_path = Path::new("/valid/unicode");
Utf8Path::from_path(unicode_path).expect("valid Unicode path succeeded");

// Paths on Unix can be non-UTF-8.
let non_unicode_str = OsStr::from_bytes(b"\xFF\xFF\xFF");
let non_unicode_path = Path::new(non_unicode_str);
assert!(Utf8Path::from_path(non_unicode_path).is_none(), "non-Unicode path failed");

pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str[src]

Yields the underlying str slice.

Unlike Path::to_str, this always returns a slice because the contents of a Utf8Path are guaranteed to be valid UTF-8.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let s = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").as_str();
assert_eq!(s, "foo.txt");

pub fn as_os_str(&self) -> &OsStr[src]

Yields the underlying OsStr slice.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let os_str = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").as_os_str();
assert_eq!(os_str, std::ffi::OsStr::new("foo.txt"));

pub fn to_path_buf(&self) -> Utf8PathBuf[src]

Converts a Utf8Path to an owned Utf8PathBuf.

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};

let path_buf = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").to_path_buf();
assert_eq!(path_buf, Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));

pub fn is_absolute(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the Utf8Path is absolute, i.e., if it is independent of the current directory.

  • On Unix, a path is absolute if it starts with the root, so is_absolute and has_root are equivalent.

  • On Windows, a path is absolute if it has a prefix and starts with the root: c:\windows is absolute, while c:temp and \temp are not.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert!(!Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").is_absolute());

pub fn is_relative(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the Utf8Path is relative, i.e., not absolute.

See is_absolute's documentation for more details.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert!(Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").is_relative());

pub fn has_root(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the Utf8Path has a root.

  • On Unix, a path has a root if it begins with /.

  • On Windows, a path has a root if it:

    • has no prefix and begins with a separator, e.g., \windows
    • has a prefix followed by a separator, e.g., c:\windows but not c:windows
    • has any non-disk prefix, e.g., \\server\share

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert!(Utf8Path::new("/etc/passwd").has_root());

pub fn parent(&self) -> Option<&Utf8Path>[src]

Returns the Path without its final component, if there is one.

Returns None if the path terminates in a root or prefix.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar");
let parent = path.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(parent, Utf8Path::new("/foo"));

let grand_parent = parent.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(grand_parent, Utf8Path::new("/"));
assert_eq!(grand_parent.parent(), None);

pub fn ancestors(&self) -> Utf8Ancestors<'_>

Notable traits for Utf8Ancestors<'a>

impl<'a> Iterator for Utf8Ancestors<'a> type Item = &'a Utf8Path;
[src]

Produces an iterator over Utf8Path and its ancestors.

The iterator will yield the Utf8Path that is returned if the parent method is used zero or more times. That means, the iterator will yield &self, &self.parent().unwrap(), &self.parent().unwrap().parent().unwrap() and so on. If the parent method returns None, the iterator will do likewise. The iterator will always yield at least one value, namely &self.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let mut ancestors = Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar").ancestors();
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/foo")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None);

let mut ancestors = Utf8Path::new("../foo/bar").ancestors();
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("../foo/bar")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("../foo")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("..")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None);

pub fn file_name(&self) -> Option<&str>[src]

Returns the final component of the Utf8Path, if there is one.

If the path is a normal file, this is the file name. If it's the path of a directory, this is the directory name.

Returns None if the path terminates in ...

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert_eq!(Some("bin"), Utf8Path::new("/usr/bin/").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("tmp/foo.txt").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/.").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/.//").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/..").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Utf8Path::new("/").file_name());

pub fn strip_prefix(
    &self,
    base: impl AsRef<Path>
) -> Result<&Utf8Path, StripPrefixError>
[src]

Returns a path that, when joined onto base, yields self.

Errors

If base is not a prefix of self (i.e., starts_with returns false), returns Err.

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};

let path = Utf8Path::new("/test/haha/foo.txt");

assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("test/haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("")));

assert!(path.strip_prefix("test").is_err());
assert!(path.strip_prefix("/haha").is_err());

let prefix = Utf8PathBuf::from("/test/");
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix(prefix), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));

pub fn starts_with(&self, base: impl AsRef<Path>) -> bool[src]

Determines whether base is a prefix of self.

Only considers whole path components to match.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/etc/passwd");

assert!(path.starts_with("/etc"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd/")); // extra slash is okay
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd///")); // multiple extra slashes are okay

assert!(!path.starts_with("/e"));
assert!(!path.starts_with("/etc/passwd.txt"));

assert!(!Utf8Path::new("/etc/foo.rs").starts_with("/etc/foo"));

pub fn ends_with(&self, base: impl AsRef<Path>) -> bool[src]

Determines whether child is a suffix of self.

Only considers whole path components to match.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/etc/resolv.conf");

assert!(path.ends_with("resolv.conf"));
assert!(path.ends_with("etc/resolv.conf"));
assert!(path.ends_with("/etc/resolv.conf"));

assert!(!path.ends_with("/resolv.conf"));
assert!(!path.ends_with("conf")); // use .extension() instead

pub fn file_stem(&self) -> Option<&str>[src]

Extracts the stem (non-extension) portion of self.file_name.

The stem is:

  • None, if there is no file name;
  • The entire file name if there is no embedded .;
  • The entire file name if the file name begins with . and has no other .s within;
  • Otherwise, the portion of the file name before the final .

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert_eq!("foo", Utf8Path::new("foo.rs").file_stem().unwrap());
assert_eq!("foo.tar", Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz").file_stem().unwrap());

pub fn extension(&self) -> Option<&str>[src]

Extracts the extension of self.file_name, if possible.

The extension is:

  • None, if there is no file name;
  • None, if there is no embedded .;
  • None, if the file name begins with . and has no other .s within;
  • Otherwise, the portion of the file name after the final .

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

assert_eq!("rs", Utf8Path::new("foo.rs").extension().unwrap());
assert_eq!("gz", Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz").extension().unwrap());

pub fn join(&self, path: impl AsRef<Utf8Path>) -> Utf8PathBuf[src]

Creates an owned Utf8PathBuf with path adjoined to self.

See Utf8PathBuf::push for more details on what it means to adjoin a path.

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};

assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/etc").join("passwd"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd"));

pub fn join_os(&self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> PathBuf[src]

Creates an owned PathBuf with path adjoined to self.

See PathBuf::push for more details on what it means to adjoin a path.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
use std::path::PathBuf;

assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/etc").join_os("passwd"), PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd"));

pub fn with_file_name(&self, file_name: impl AsRef<str>) -> Utf8PathBuf[src]

Creates an owned Utf8PathBuf like self but with the given file name.

See Utf8PathBuf::set_file_name for more details.

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};

let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("bar.txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/tmp/bar.txt"));

let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("var"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/var"));

pub fn with_extension(&self, extension: impl AsRef<str>) -> Utf8PathBuf[src]

Creates an owned Utf8PathBuf like self but with the given extension.

See Utf8PathBuf::set_extension for more details.

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf};

let path = Utf8Path::new("foo.rs");
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));

let path = Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz");
assert_eq!(path.with_extension(""), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.tar"));
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("xz"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.tar.xz"));
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("").with_extension("txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));

pub fn components(&self) -> Utf8Components<'_>

Notable traits for Utf8Components<'a>

impl<'a> Iterator for Utf8Components<'a> type Item = Utf8Component<'a>;
[src]

Produces an iterator over the Utf8Components of the path.

When parsing the path, there is a small amount of normalization:

  • Repeated separators are ignored, so a/b and a//b both have a and b as components.

  • Occurrences of . are normalized away, except if they are at the beginning of the path. For example, a/./b, a/b/, a/b/. and a/b all have a and b as components, but ./a/b starts with an additional CurDir component.

  • A trailing slash is normalized away, /a/b and /a/b/ are equivalent.

Note that no other normalization takes place; in particular, a/c and a/b/../c are distinct, to account for the possibility that b is a symbolic link (so its parent isn't a).

Examples

use camino::{Utf8Component, Utf8Path};

let mut components = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").components();

assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::RootDir));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::Normal("tmp")));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::Normal("foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(components.next(), None)

pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_>

Notable traits for Iter<'a>

impl<'a> Iterator for Iter<'a> type Item = &'a str;
[src]

Produces an iterator over the path's components viewed as str slices.

For more information about the particulars of how the path is separated into components, see components.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let mut it = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").iter();
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(std::path::MAIN_SEPARATOR.to_string().as_str()));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some("tmp"));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some("foo.txt"));
assert_eq!(it.next(), None)

pub fn metadata(&self) -> Result<Metadata>[src]

Queries the file system to get information about a file, directory, etc.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.

This is an alias to fs::metadata.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.metadata().expect("metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());

Queries the metadata about a file without following symlinks.

This is an alias to fs::symlink_metadata.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.symlink_metadata().expect("symlink_metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());

pub fn canonicalize(&self) -> Result<PathBuf>[src]

Returns the canonical, absolute form of the path with all intermediate components normalized and symbolic links resolved.

This returns a PathBuf because even if a symlink is valid Unicode, its target may not be.

This is an alias to fs::canonicalize.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
use std::path::PathBuf;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/test/../test/bar.rs");
assert_eq!(path.canonicalize().unwrap(), PathBuf::from("/foo/test/bar.rs"));

Reads a symbolic link, returning the file that the link points to.

This returns a PathBuf because even if a symlink is valid Unicode, its target may not be.

This is an alias to fs::read_link.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa/sky_castle.rs");
let path_link = path.read_link().expect("read_link call failed");

pub fn read_dir(&self) -> Result<ReadDir>[src]

Returns an iterator over the entries within a directory.

The iterator will yield instances of io::Result<fs::DirEntry>. New errors may be encountered after an iterator is initially constructed.

This is an alias to fs::read_dir.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;

let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa");
for entry in path.read_dir().expect("read_dir call failed") {
    if let Ok(entry) = entry {
        println!("{:?}", entry.path());
    }
}

pub fn exists(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the path points at an existing entity.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return false.

If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a permission error, this will return false.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
assert!(!Utf8Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").exists());

See Also

This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to check errors, call fs::metadata.

pub fn is_file(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a regular file.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return false.

If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a permission error, this will return false.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_file(), false);
assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("a_file.txt").is_file(), true);

See Also

This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to check errors, call fs::metadata and handle its Result. Then call fs::Metadata::is_file if it was Ok.

When the goal is simply to read from (or write to) the source, the most reliable way to test the source can be read (or written to) is to open it. Only using is_file can break workflows like diff <( prog_a ) on a Unix-like system for example. See fs::File::open or fs::OpenOptions::open for more information.

pub fn is_dir(&self) -> bool[src]

Returns true if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a directory.

This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return false.

If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a permission error, this will return false.

Examples

use camino::Utf8Path;
assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_dir(), true);
assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("a_file.txt").is_dir(), false);

See Also

This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to check errors, call fs::metadata and handle its Result. Then call fs::Metadata::is_dir if it was Ok.

pub fn into_path_buf(self: Box<Utf8Path>) -> Utf8PathBuf[src]

Converts a Box<Utf8Path> into a Utf8PathBuf without copying or allocating.

Trait Implementations

impl AsRef<OsStr> for Utf8Path[src]

impl AsRef<Path> for Utf8Path[src]

impl AsRef<Utf8Path> for Iter<'_>[src]

impl AsRef<Utf8Path> for Utf8Path[src]

impl AsRef<Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl AsRef<str> for Utf8Path[src]

impl Borrow<Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl Debug for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'de: 'a, 'a> Deserialize<'de> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl Display for Utf8Path[src]

impl Eq for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a> From<&'a str> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl Hash for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a Utf8Path[src]

type Item = &'a str

The type of the elements being iterated over.

type IntoIter = Iter<'a>

Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?

impl Ord for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<&'a Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<&'a str> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Cow<'a, Utf8Path>> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Cow<'a, Utf8Path>> for &'b Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Cow<'a, str>> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Cow<'b, str>> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<String> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<String> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl PartialEq<Utf8Path> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Utf8PathBuf> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<Utf8PathBuf> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<str> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialEq<str> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<&'a Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<&'a str> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Cow<'a, Utf8Path>> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Cow<'a, Utf8Path>> for &'b Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Cow<'a, str>> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Cow<'b, str>> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<String> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<String> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl PartialOrd<Utf8Path> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Utf8Path> for Utf8PathBuf[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Utf8PathBuf> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<Utf8PathBuf> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<str> for Utf8Path[src]

impl<'a, 'b> PartialOrd<str> for &'a Utf8Path[src]

impl Serialize for Utf8Path[src]

impl ToOwned for Utf8Path[src]

type Owned = Utf8PathBuf

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.

Auto Trait Implementations

impl RefUnwindSafe for Utf8Path

impl Send for Utf8Path

impl !Sized for Utf8Path

impl Sync for Utf8Path

impl Unpin for Utf8Path

impl UnwindSafe for Utf8Path

Blanket Implementations

impl<T> Any for T where
    T: 'static + ?Sized
[src]

impl<T> Borrow<T> for T where
    T: ?Sized
[src]

impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T where
    T: ?Sized
[src]

impl<T> ToString for T where
    T: Display + ?Sized
[src]