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/* * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020 Erik Nordstrøm <erik@nordstroem.no> * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. */ use std::sync::mpsc::{Sender, Receiver}; use std::sync::mpsc; use std::thread; use std::thread::JoinHandle; use std::convert::TryFrom; use std::collections::HashMap; solution_printer!(9, print_solution, input_generator, INPUT, solve_part_1, solve_part_2); pub const INPUT: &str = include_str!("../input/2019/day9.txt"); /// ### Day 9: Sensor Boost /// /// [https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/9](https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/9) /// /// You've just said goodbye to the rebooted rover and left Mars when you /// receive a faint distress signal coming from the asteroid belt. It must be /// the Ceres monitoring station! /// /// In order to lock on to the signal, you'll need to boost your sensors. The /// Elves send up the latest *BOOST* program - Basic Operation Of System Test. /// /// While BOOST (your puzzle input) is capable of boosting your sensors, for /// tenuous safety reasons, it refuses to do so until the computer it runs on /// passes some checks to demonstrate it is a *complete Intcode computer*. /// /// [Your existing Intcode computer](https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/5) is missing one key feature: it needs support /// for parameters in *relative mode*. /// /// Parameters in mode `2`, *relative mode*, behave very similarly to parameters in /// *position mode*: the parameter is interpreted as a position. Like position /// mode, parameters in relative mode can be read from or written to. /// /// The important difference is that relative mode parameters don't count from /// address `0`. Instead, they count from a value called the *relative base*. The /// *relative base* starts at `0`. /// /// The address a relative mode parameter refers to is itself *plus* the current /// *relative base*. When the relative base is `0`, relative mode parameters and /// position mode parameters with the same value refer to the same address. /// /// For example, given a relative base of `50`, a relative mode parameter of `-7` /// refers to memory address `50 + -7 = 43`. /// /// The relative base is modified with the *relative base offset* instruction: /// /// - Opcode `9` *adjusts the relative base* by the value of its only parameter. /// The relative base increases (or decreases, if the value is negative) /// by the value of the parameter. /// /// For example, if the relative base is `2000`, then after the instruction /// `109,19`, the relative base would be `2019`. If the next instruction were /// `204,-34`, then the value at address `1985` would be output. /// /// Your Intcode computer will also need a few other capabilities: /// /// - The computer's available memory should be much larger than the initial /// program. Memory beyond the initial program starts with the value `0` and /// can be read or written like any other memory. (It is invalid to try to /// access memory at a negative address, though.) /// - The computer should have support for large numbers. Some instructions /// near the beginning of the BOOST program will verify this capability. /// /// Here are some example programs that use these features: /// /// - `109,1,204,-1,1001,100,1,100,1008,100,16,101,1006,101,0,99` takes no /// input and produces a [copy of itself](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quine_(computing)) as output. /// - `1102,34915192,34915192,7,4,7,99,0` should output a 16-digit number. /// - `104,1125899906842624,99` should output the large number in the middle. /// /// The BOOST program will ask for a single input; run it in test mode by /// providing it the value `1`. It will perform a series of checks on each /// opcode, output any opcodes (and the associated parameter modes) that seem /// to be functioning incorrectly, and finally output a BOOST keycode. /// /// Once your Intcode computer is fully functional, the BOOST program should /// report no malfunctioning opcodes when run in test mode; it should only /// output a single value, the BOOST keycode. *What BOOST keycode does it /// produce?* /// /// ### Examples /// /// ``` /// use codetrotter_aoc_2019_solutions::day_09::{input_generator, run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs}; /// const EX1PROG: &'static str = "109,1,204,-1,1001,100,1,100,1008,100,16,101,1006,101,0,99"; /// assert_eq!(run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs(&input_generator(EX1PROG), &[]), /// vec![109,1,204,-1,1001,100,1,100,1008,100,16,101,1006,101,0,99]); /// ``` /// /// ``` /// # use codetrotter_aoc_2019_solutions::day_09::{input_generator, run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs}; /// const EX2PROG: &'static str = "1102,34915192,34915192,7,4,7,99,0"; /// let number_str = run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs(&input_generator(EX2PROG), &[])[0].to_string(); /// assert_eq!(number_str.len(), 16); /// ``` /// /// ``` /// # use codetrotter_aoc_2019_solutions::day_09::{input_generator, run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs}; /// const EX3PROG: &'static str = "104,1125899906842624,99"; /// assert_eq!(run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs(&input_generator(EX3PROG), &[]), /// vec![1125899906842624]); /// ``` /// /// ### Solution /// /// ⚠️ SPOILER ALERT ⚠️ /// /// ``` /// use codetrotter_aoc_2019_solutions::day_09::{INPUT, input_generator, solve_part_1}; /// assert_eq!(solve_part_1(&mut input_generator(INPUT)), 3533056970); /// ``` pub fn solve_part_1 (program_image: &Memory) -> Intcode { let outputs = run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs(program_image, &[1]); assert_eq!(outputs.len(), 1); outputs[0] } pub type Intcode = i64; pub type Memory = Vec<Intcode>; pub type InputsPortA = [Intcode]; pub type OutputsPortB = Vec<Intcode>; pub fn input_generator (input: &str) -> Memory { input.trim_end_matches('\n').split(',').map(|intcode_str| intcode_str.parse::<Intcode>().unwrap()).collect() } #[derive(Debug)] enum Instruction { Add, Multiply, ReadFromPortA, WriteToPortB, JumpIfTrue, JumpIfFalse, LessThan, Equals, AdjustRelativeBase, Exit, } pub fn run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs (program_image: &Memory, inputs: &'static InputsPortA) -> OutputsPortB { let (emulator_input_tx, emulator_input_rx) = mpsc::channel(); let (emulator_output_tx, emulator_output_rx) = mpsc::channel(); let (output_reader_signal_tx, output_reader_signal_rx) = mpsc::channel(); //debug_log!("Start output reader"); let output_reader_handle = thread::spawn(move || { //debug_log!("Output reader started"); let mut outputs = vec![]; loop { match emulator_output_rx.try_recv() { Ok(value) => { //debug_log!(format_args!("Output reader read {}", value)); outputs.push(value); }, Err(_) => if let Ok(_) = output_reader_signal_rx.try_recv() { break; } } } //debug_log!("Output reader shutting down"); outputs }); //debug_log!("Start Intcode computer emulator"); let emulator_handle = run_intcode_computer_emulator_thread(program_image, emulator_input_rx, emulator_output_tx); //debug_log!("Start input writer"); let input_writer_handle = thread::spawn(move || { //debug_log!("Input writer started"); for &input in inputs { emulator_input_tx.send(input).unwrap(); //debug_log!(format_args!("Input writer wrote {}", input)); } //debug_log!("Input writer shutting down"); }); //debug_log!("Join threads"); input_writer_handle.join().unwrap(); emulator_handle.join().unwrap(); output_reader_signal_tx.send(true).unwrap(); output_reader_handle.join().unwrap() } pub struct EmulationFinished { pub virtual_memory: VirtualMemory, pub pc: usize, pub rb: usize, pub num_cpu_cycles_emulated: u64, pub num_inputs_read: u64, pub num_outputs_written: u64, } pub struct VirtualMemory { real_memory: Memory, program_image_len: usize, virtual_address_mapping: HashMap<usize, usize>, } impl From<Memory> for VirtualMemory { fn from (program_image: Memory) -> Self { let program_image_len = program_image.len(); Self { real_memory: program_image, program_image_len, virtual_address_mapping: Default::default(), } } } impl VirtualMemory { fn read (&self, address: usize) -> Intcode { if address < self.program_image_len { self.real_memory[address] } else { match self.virtual_address_mapping.get(&address) { Some(&real_address) => self.real_memory[real_address], None => 0, // XXX: "Memory beyond the initial program starts with the value 0 // and can be read or written like any other memory." } } } fn write (&mut self, address: usize, value: Intcode) { if address < self.program_image_len { self.real_memory[address] = value; } else if let Some(&real_address) = self.virtual_address_mapping.get(&address) { self.real_memory[real_address] = value; } else { self.real_memory.push(value); self.virtual_address_mapping.insert(address, self.real_memory.len() - 1); } } } #[derive(Debug)] enum ParamMode { PositionMode, ImmediateMode, RelativeMode, } impl TryFrom<Intcode> for ParamMode { type Error = &'static str; fn try_from (value: Intcode) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> { match value { 0 => Ok(Self::PositionMode), 1 => Ok(Self::ImmediateMode), 2 => Ok(Self::RelativeMode), _ => Err("Invalid mode for parameter."), } } } pub fn run_intcode_computer_emulator_thread (program_image: &Memory, inputs_port_a_rx: Receiver<Intcode>, outputs_port_b_tx: Sender<Intcode>) -> JoinHandle<EmulationFinished> { let mut vmem = VirtualMemory::from(program_image.clone()); thread::spawn(move || { //debug_log!("Intcode computer emulator started"); let mut pc = 0; // Program Counter let mut rb = 0; // Relative Base let mut num_cpu_cycles_emulated = 0; let mut num_inputs_read = 0; let mut num_outputs_written = 0; loop { //debug_log!(format_args!("Loop #{}. pc: {}, rb: {}", num_cpu_cycles_emulated + 1, pc, rb)); num_cpu_cycles_emulated += 1; let opcode = vmem.read(pc); //debug_log!(format_args!(" Opcode: {}", opcode)); let mut param_modes = opcode / 100; let (instruction, (input_param_1, input_param_2), output_addr_param) = match opcode % 100 { 1 => (Instruction::Add, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), Some(vmem.read(pc+3))), 2 => (Instruction::Multiply, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), Some(vmem.read(pc+3))), 3 => (Instruction::ReadFromPortA, (None, None), Some(vmem.read(pc+1))), 4 => (Instruction::WriteToPortB, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), None), None), 5 => (Instruction::JumpIfTrue, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), None), 6 => (Instruction::JumpIfFalse, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), None), 7 => (Instruction::LessThan, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), Some(vmem.read(pc+3))), 8 => (Instruction::Equals, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), Some(vmem.read(pc+2))), Some(vmem.read(pc+3))), 9 => (Instruction::AdjustRelativeBase, (Some(vmem.read(pc+1)), None), None), 99 => (Instruction::Exit, (None, None), None), _ => panic!("Invalid opcode {} at position {}", opcode, pc), }; //debug_log!(format_args!(" instruction: {:?}, input_param_1: {:?}, input_param_2: {:?}, output_addr_param: {:?}", instruction, input_param_1, input_param_2, output_addr_param)); let input_param_1 = match input_param_1 { None => None, Some(ip1_value) => { let ip1m = ParamMode::try_from(param_modes % 10).unwrap(); // Mode of input parameter 1 param_modes /= 10; //debug_log!(format_args!(" ip1m: {:?}. Param modes remaining: {}", ip1m, param_modes)); match ip1m { ParamMode::PositionMode => Some(vmem.read(usize::try_from(ip1_value).unwrap())), ParamMode::ImmediateMode => Some(ip1_value), ParamMode::RelativeMode => Some(vmem.read(usize::try_from(Intcode::try_from(rb).unwrap() + ip1_value).unwrap())), } } }; let input_param_2 = match input_param_2 { None => None, Some(ip2_value) => { let ip2m = ParamMode::try_from(param_modes % 20).unwrap(); // Mode of input parameter 2 param_modes /= 10; //debug_log!(format_args!(" ip2m: {:?}. Param modes remaining: {}", ip2m, param_modes)); match ip2m { ParamMode::PositionMode => Some(vmem.read(usize::try_from(ip2_value).unwrap())), ParamMode::ImmediateMode => Some(ip2_value), ParamMode::RelativeMode => Some(vmem.read(usize::try_from(Intcode::try_from(rb).unwrap() + ip2_value).unwrap())), } } }; let output_addr_param = match output_addr_param { None => None, Some(oap_value) => { let oapm = ParamMode::try_from(param_modes % 10).unwrap(); // Mode of output addr parameter param_modes /= 10; //debug_log!(format_args!(" oapm: {:?}. Param modes remaining: {}", oapm, param_modes)); match oapm { ParamMode::PositionMode => Some(oap_value), ParamMode::ImmediateMode => panic!("Illegal mode for output address parameter: Immediate mode!"), ParamMode::RelativeMode => Some(Intcode::try_from(rb).unwrap() + oap_value), } } }; assert_eq!(param_modes, 0); //debug_log!(format_args!(" input_param_1: {:?}, input_param_2: {:?}", input_param_1, input_param_2)); pc += usize::from(input_param_1.is_some()) + usize::from(input_param_2.is_some()) + usize::from(output_addr_param.is_some()) + 1; match instruction { Instruction::Add => vmem.write(usize::try_from(output_addr_param.unwrap()).unwrap(), input_param_1.unwrap() + input_param_2.unwrap()), Instruction::Multiply => vmem.write(usize::try_from(output_addr_param.unwrap()).unwrap(), input_param_1.unwrap() * input_param_2.unwrap()), Instruction::ReadFromPortA => { vmem.write(usize::try_from(output_addr_param.unwrap()).unwrap(), inputs_port_a_rx.recv().unwrap()); num_inputs_read += 1; }, Instruction::WriteToPortB => { outputs_port_b_tx.send(input_param_1.unwrap()).unwrap(); num_outputs_written += 1; }, Instruction::JumpIfTrue => if input_param_1.unwrap() != 0 { pc = usize::try_from(input_param_2.unwrap()).unwrap(); }, Instruction::JumpIfFalse => if input_param_1.unwrap() == 0 { pc = usize::try_from(input_param_2.unwrap()).unwrap(); }, Instruction::LessThan => vmem.write(usize::try_from(output_addr_param.unwrap()).unwrap(), Intcode::from(input_param_1.unwrap() < input_param_2.unwrap())), Instruction::Equals => vmem.write(usize::try_from(output_addr_param.unwrap()).unwrap(), Intcode::from(input_param_1.unwrap() == input_param_2.unwrap())), Instruction::AdjustRelativeBase => rb = usize::try_from(Intcode::try_from(rb).unwrap() + input_param_1.unwrap()).unwrap(), Instruction::Exit => break, } } EmulationFinished { virtual_memory: vmem, pc, rb, num_cpu_cycles_emulated, num_inputs_read, num_outputs_written, } }) } /// ### Day 9, Part Two /// /// [https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/9#part2](https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/9#part2) /// /// *You now have a complete Intcode computer.* /// /// Finally, you can lock on to the Ceres distress signal! You just need to /// boost your sensors using the BOOST program. /// /// The program runs in sensor boost mode by providing the input instruction /// the value `2`. Once run, it will boost the sensors automatically, but it /// might take a few seconds to complete the operation on slower hardware. In /// sensor boost mode, the program will output a single value: *the coordinates /// of the distress signal*. /// /// Run the BOOST program in sensor boost mode. *What are the coordinates of the /// distress signal?* /// /// ### Solution /// /// ⚠️ SPOILER ALERT ⚠️ /// /// ``` /// use codetrotter_aoc_2019_solutions::day_09::{INPUT, input_generator, solve_part_2}; /// assert_eq!(solve_part_2(&input_generator(INPUT)), 72852); /// ``` pub fn solve_part_2 (program_image: &Memory) -> Intcode { let outputs = run_single_program_with_predefined_inputs(program_image, &[2]); assert_eq!(outputs.len(), 1); outputs[0] }