//! FUSE userspace library implementation
//!
//! This is an improved rewrite of the FUSE userspace library (lowlevel interface) to fully take
//! advantage of Rust's architecture. The only thing we rely on in the real libfuse are mount
//! and unmount calls which are needed to establish a fd to talk to the kernel driver.

#![warn(missing_docs, bad_style, unused, unused_extern_crates, unused_import_braces, unused_qualifications, missing_debug_implementations)]

extern crate libc;
#[macro_use]
extern crate log;
extern crate time;
extern crate thread_scoped;

use std::convert::AsRef;
use std::io;
use std::ffi::OsStr;
use std::path::Path;
use std::os::unix::io::RawFd;
use libc::{c_int, ENOSYS};
use time::Timespec;

pub use kernel::FUSE_ROOT_ID;
pub use kernel::consts;
pub use reply::{Reply, ReplyEmpty, ReplyData, ReplyEntry, ReplyAttr, ReplyOpen};
pub use reply::{ReplyWrite, ReplyStatfs, ReplyCreate, ReplyLock, ReplyBmap, ReplyDirectory, ReplyDirectoryPlus};
pub use reply::{ReplyXattr, ReplyIoctl, ReplyLseek, ReplyRead};
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
pub use reply::ReplyXTimes;
pub use request::{Request, UtimeSpec};
pub use session::{Session, BackgroundSession};

mod argument;
mod channel;
mod kernel;
#[cfg(feature = "libfuse")]
mod libfuse;
mod reply;
mod request;
mod session;
mod sys;

/// File types
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub enum FileType {
    /// Named pipe (S_IFIFO)
    NamedPipe,
    /// Character device (S_IFCHR)
    CharDevice,
    /// Block device (S_IFBLK)
    BlockDevice,
    /// Directory (S_IFDIR)
    Directory,
    /// Regular file (S_IFREG)
    RegularFile,
    /// Symbolic link (S_IFLNK)
    Symlink,
    /// Unix domain socket (S_IFSOCK)
    Socket,
}

/// File attributes
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct FileAttr {
    /// Inode number
    pub ino: u64,
    /// Size in bytes
    pub size: i64,
    /// Size in blocks
    pub blocks: u64,
    /// Time of last access
    pub atime: Timespec,
    /// Time of last modification
    pub mtime: Timespec,
    /// Time of last change
    pub ctime: Timespec,
    /// Time of creation (macOS only)
    pub crtime: Timespec,
    /// Kind of file (directory, file, pipe, etc)
    pub kind: FileType,
    /// Permissions
    pub perm: u16,
    /// Number of hard links
    pub nlink: u32,
    /// User id
    pub uid: u32,
    /// Group id
    pub gid: u32,
    /// Rdev
    pub rdev: u32,
    /// Flags (macOS only, see chflags(2))
    pub flags: u32,
}

/// Filesystem trait.
///
/// This trait must be implemented to provide a userspace filesystem via FUSE.
/// These methods correspond to fuse_lowlevel_ops in libfuse. Reasonable default
/// implementations are provided here to get a mountable filesystem that does
/// nothing.
pub trait Filesystem {
    /// Initialize filesystem.
    /// Called before any other filesystem method.
    fn init(&mut self, _req: &Request) -> Result<(), c_int> {
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Clean up filesystem.
    /// Called on filesystem exit.
    fn destroy(&mut self, _req: &Request) {}

    /// Look up a directory entry by name and get its attributes.
    fn lookup(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEntry) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Forget about an inode.
    /// The nlookup parameter indicates the number of lookups previously performed on
    /// this inode. If the filesystem implements inode lifetimes, it is recommended that
    /// inodes acquire a single reference on each lookup, and lose nlookup references on
    /// each forget. The filesystem may ignore forget calls, if the inodes don't need to
    /// have a limited lifetime. On unmount it is not guaranteed, that all referenced
    /// inodes will receive a forget message.
    fn forget(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _nlookup: u64) {}

    /// Like forget, but take multiple forget requests at once for performance. The default
    /// implementation will fallback to forget.
    fn forget_multi(&mut self, req: &Request, forget_data: &[kernel::fuse_forget_data]) {
        for inode in forget_data {
            self.forget(req, inode.ino, inode.nlookup);
        }
    }

    /// Get file attributes.
    fn getattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, reply: ReplyAttr) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Set file attributes.
    fn setattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _mode: Option<u32>, _uid: Option<u32>, _gid: Option<u32>, _size: Option<i64>, _atime: UtimeSpec, _mtime: UtimeSpec, _fh: Option<u64>, _crtime: Option<Timespec>, _chgtime: Option<Timespec>, _bkuptime: Option<Timespec>, _flags: Option<u32>, reply: ReplyAttr) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Read symbolic link.
    fn readlink(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, reply: ReplyData) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Create file node.
    /// Create a regular file, character device, block device, fifo or socket node.
    fn mknod(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _mode: u32, _umask: u32, _rdev: u32, reply: ReplyEntry) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Create a directory.
    fn mkdir(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _mode: u32, _umask: u32, reply: ReplyEntry) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Remove a file.
    fn unlink(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Remove a directory.
    fn rmdir(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Create a symbolic link.
    fn symlink(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _link: &Path, reply: ReplyEntry) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Rename a file.
    fn rename(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _newparent: u64, _newname: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Rename a file.
    fn rename2(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _newparent: u64, _newname: &OsStr, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Create a hard link.
    fn link(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _newparent: u64, _newname: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEntry) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Open a file.
    /// Open flags (with the exception of O_CREAT, O_EXCL, O_NOCTTY and O_TRUNC) are
    /// available in flags. Filesystem may store an arbitrary file handle (pointer, index,
    /// etc) in fh, and use this in other all other file operations (read, write, flush,
    /// release, fsync). Filesystem may also implement stateless file I/O and not store
    /// anything in fh. There are also some flags (direct_io, keep_cache) which the
    /// filesystem may set, to change the way the file is opened. See fuse_file_info
    /// structure in <fuse_common.h> for more details.
    fn open(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyOpen) {
        reply.opened(0, 0);
    }

    /// Read data.
    /// Read should send exactly the number of bytes requested except on EOF or error,
    /// otherwise the rest of the data will be substituted with zeroes. An exception to
    /// this is when the file has been opened in 'direct_io' mode, in which case the
    /// return value of the read system call will reflect the return value of this
    /// operation. fh will contain the value set by the open method, or will be undefined
    /// if the open method didn't set any value.
    fn read(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, _size: u32, reply: ReplyRead) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Write data.
    /// Write should return exactly the number of bytes requested except on error. An
    /// exception to this is when the file has been opened in 'direct_io' mode, in
    /// which case the return value of the write system call will reflect the return
    /// value of this operation. fh will contain the value set by the open method, or
    /// will be undefined if the open method didn't set any value.
    fn write(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, _source_file: Option<RawFd>, _data: &[u8], _size: u32, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyWrite) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Flush method.
    /// This is called on each close() of the opened file. Since file descriptors can
    /// be duplicated (dup, dup2, fork), for one open call there may be many flush
    /// calls. Filesystems shouldn't assume that flush will always be called after some
    /// writes, or that if will be called at all. fh will contain the value set by the
    /// open method, or will be undefined if the open method didn't set any value.
    /// NOTE: the name of the method is misleading, since (unlike fsync) the filesystem
    /// is not forced to flush pending writes. One reason to flush data, is if the
    /// filesystem wants to return write errors. If the filesystem supports file locking
    /// operations (setlk, getlk) it should remove all locks belonging to 'lock_owner'.
    fn flush(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _lock_owner: u64, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Release an open file.
    /// Release is called when there are no more references to an open file: all file
    /// descriptors are closed and all memory mappings are unmapped. For every open
    /// call there will be exactly one release call. The filesystem may reply with an
    /// error, but error values are not returned to close() or munmap() which triggered
    /// the release. fh will contain the value set by the open method, or will be undefined
    /// if the open method didn't set any value. flags will contain the same flags as for
    /// open.
    fn release(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _flags: u32, _lock_owner: u64, _flush: bool, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.ok();
    }

    /// Synchronize file contents.
    /// If the datasync parameter is non-zero, then only the user data should be flushed,
    /// not the meta data.
    fn fsync(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _datasync: bool, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Open a directory.
    /// Filesystem may store an arbitrary file handle (pointer, index, etc) in fh, and
    /// use this in other all other directory stream operations (readdir, releasedir,
    /// fsyncdir). Filesystem may also implement stateless directory I/O and not store
    /// anything in fh, though that makes it impossible to implement standard conforming
    /// directory stream operations in case the contents of the directory can change
    /// between opendir and releasedir.
    fn opendir(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyOpen) {
        reply.opened(0, 0);
    }

    /// Read directory.
    /// Send a buffer filled using buffer.fill(), with size not exceeding the
    /// requested size. Send an empty buffer on end of stream. fh will contain the
    /// value set by the opendir method, or will be undefined if the opendir method
    /// didn't set any value.
    fn readdir(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, reply: ReplyDirectory) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Read directory.
    /// Send a buffer filled using buffer.fill(), with size not exceeding the
    /// requested size. Send an empty buffer on end of stream. fh will contain the
    /// value set by the opendir method, or will be undefined if the opendir method
    /// didn't set any value.
    fn readdirplus(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, reply: ReplyDirectoryPlus) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }


    /// Release an open directory.
    /// For every opendir call there will be exactly one releasedir call. fh will
    /// contain the value set by the opendir method, or will be undefined if the
    /// opendir method didn't set any value.
    fn releasedir(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.ok();
    }

    /// Synchronize directory contents.
    /// If the datasync parameter is set, then only the directory contents should
    /// be flushed, not the meta data. fh will contain the value set by the opendir
    /// method, or will be undefined if the opendir method didn't set any value.
    fn fsyncdir (&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _datasync: bool, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Get file system statistics.
    fn statfs(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, reply: ReplyStatfs) {
        reply.statfs(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 512, 255, 0);
    }

    /// Set an extended attribute.
    fn setxattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _name: &OsStr, _value: &[u8], _flags: u32, _position: u32, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Get an extended attribute.
    /// If `size` is 0, the size of the value should be sent with `reply.size()`.
    /// If `size` is not 0, and the value fits, send it with `reply.data()`, or
    /// `reply.error(ERANGE)` if it doesn't.
    fn getxattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _name: &OsStr, _size: u32, reply: ReplyXattr) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// List extended attribute names.
    /// If `size` is 0, the size of the value should be sent with `reply.size()`.
    /// If `size` is not 0, and the value fits, send it with `reply.data()`, or
    /// `reply.error(ERANGE)` if it doesn't.
    fn listxattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _size: u32, reply: ReplyXattr) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Remove an extended attribute.
    fn removexattr(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _name: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Check file access permissions.
    /// This will be called for the access() system call. If the 'default_permissions'
    /// mount option is given, this method is not called. This method is not called
    /// under Linux kernel versions 2.4.x
    fn access(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _mask: u32, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Create and open a file.
    /// If the file does not exist, first create it with the specified mode, and then
    /// open it. Open flags (with the exception of O_NOCTTY) are available in flags.
    /// Filesystem may store an arbitrary file handle (pointer, index, etc) in fh,
    /// and use this in other all other file operations (read, write, flush, release,
    /// fsync). There are also some flags (direct_io, keep_cache) which the
    /// filesystem may set, to change the way the file is opened. See fuse_file_info
    /// structure in <fuse_common.h> for more details. If this method is not
    /// implemented or under Linux kernel versions earlier than 2.6.15, the mknod()
    /// and open() methods will be called instead.
    fn create(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _mode: u32, _umask: u32, _flags: u32, reply: ReplyCreate) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Test for a POSIX file lock.
    fn getlk(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _lock_owner: u64, _start: u64, _end: u64, _typ: u32, _pid: u32, reply: ReplyLock) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Acquire, modify or release a POSIX file lock.
    /// For POSIX threads (NPTL) there's a 1-1 relation between pid and owner, but
    /// otherwise this is not always the case.  For checking lock ownership,
    /// 'fi->owner' must be used. The l_pid field in 'struct flock' should only be
    /// used to fill in this field in getlk(). Note: if the locking methods are not
    /// implemented, the kernel will still allow file locking to work locally.
    /// Hence these are only interesting for network filesystems and similar.
    fn setlk(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _lock_owner: u64, _start: u64, _end: u64, _typ: u32, _pid: u32, _sleep: bool, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Map block index within file to block index within device.
    /// Note: This makes sense only for block device backed filesystems mounted
    /// with the 'blkdev' option
    fn bmap(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _blocksize: u32, _idx: u64, reply: ReplyBmap) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// control device
    fn ioctl(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _flags: u32, _cmd: u32, _in_data: Option<&[u8]>, _out_size: u32, reply: ReplyIoctl) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// Preallocate or deallocate space to a file
    fn fallocate(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, _length: i64, _mode: i32, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// macOS only: Rename the volume. Set fuse_init_out.flags during init to
    /// FUSE_VOL_RENAME to enable
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    fn setvolname(&mut self, _req: &Request, _name: &OsStr, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// macOS only (undocumented)
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    fn exchange(&mut self, _req: &Request, _parent: u64, _name: &OsStr, _newparent: u64, _newname: &OsStr, _options: u64, reply: ReplyEmpty) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }

    /// macOS only: Query extended times (bkuptime and crtime). Set fuse_init_out.flags
    /// during init to FUSE_XTIMES to enable
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    fn getxtimes(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, reply: ReplyXTimes) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }
    /// Reposition read/write file offset
    fn lseek(&mut self, _req: &Request, _ino: u64, _fh: u64, _offset: i64, _whence: u32, reply: ReplyLseek) {
        reply.error(ENOSYS);
    }
}

/// Mount the given filesystem to the given mountpoint. This function will
/// not return until the filesystem is unmounted.
#[cfg(feature = "libfuse")]
pub fn mount<FS: Filesystem, P: AsRef<Path>>(filesystem: FS, mountpoint: &P, options: &[&OsStr]) -> io::Result<()>{
    Session::new(filesystem, mountpoint.as_ref(), options, false).and_then(|mut se| se.run())
}

/// Mount the given filesystem to the given mountpoint. This function spawns
/// a background thread to handle filesystem operations while being mounted
/// and therefore returns immediately. The returned handle should be stored
/// to reference the mounted filesystem. If it's dropped, the filesystem will
/// be unmounted.
#[cfg(feature = "libfuse")]
pub unsafe fn spawn_mount<'a, FS: Filesystem+Send+'a, P: AsRef<Path>>(filesystem: FS, mountpoint: &P, options: &[&OsStr]) -> io::Result<BackgroundSession<'a>> {
    Session::new(filesystem, mountpoint.as_ref(), options, false).and_then(|se| se.spawn())
}