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// Copyright John Nunley, 2022.
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
// (See accompanying file LICENSE or copy at
// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//! Displays, used to connect to the X11 server.
//!
//! Communication with the X11 server takes place by sending or receiving
//! requests through the [`Display`] apparatus. These [`Display`]s, which
//! are usually some kind of state coupled with an I/O [`Connection`], are
//! responsible for sending and receiving the data, as well as serializing
//! and deserializing the requests and replies.
//!
//! ## Traits
//!
//! There are three primary traits in this module that define the behavior of
//! these apparati:
//!
//! - [`DisplayBase`] provides the basic functionality that either does not
//! require I/O, or where blocking is not a consideration. This includes
//! accessing the [`Setup`] and polling for replies or events.
//! - [`Display`] is a blocking interface that can be used to send requests,
//! receive replies, and receive events.
//! - [`AsyncDisplay`] (requires the `async` feature) is a non-blocking
//! version of [`Display`].
//!
//! Most user functionality is implemented in extension traits like
//! [`DisplayFunctionsExt`], and wraps around the methods defined in the
//! above traits.
//!
//! ## Implementations
//!
//! In addition, this module provides implementations of these traits that
//! wrap [`Connection`] implementations, written in pure Rust. All of these
//! types implement [`DisplayBase`] and [`Display`]. If wrapped in the
//! appropriate runtime primitives, they may also implement [`AsyncDisplay`].
//!
//! - [`BasicDisplay`] is the main implementation of [`Display`]. It is a
//! reasonable default for most applications. The main downside is that it
//! requires mutable (`&mut`) access.
//! - [`CellDisplay`] allows for concurrent access, but is not thread safe.
//! - [`SyncDisplay`] (requires the `sync_display` feature) allows for
//! thread-safe concurrent access, but at a minor performance cost.
//!
//! [`Display`]: crate::display::Display
//! [`Connection`]: crate::connection::Connection
//! [`DisplayBase`]: crate::display::DisplayBase
//! [`Setup`]: crate::protocol::xproto::Setup
//! [`AsyncDisplay`]: crate::display::AsyncDisplay
//! [`DisplayFunctionsExt`]: crate::display::DisplayFunctionsExt
//! [`BasicDisplay`]: crate::display::BasicDisplay
//! [`CellDisplay`]: crate::display::CellDisplay
//! [`SyncDisplay`]: crate::display::SyncDisplay
/// `try!()`, but for `Result<AsyncStatus<_>>`.
#[doc(hidden)]
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mtry {
($expr: expr) => {
match ($expr)? {
AsyncStatus::Ready(t) => t,
status => return Ok(status.map(|_| unreachable!())),
}
};
}
mod basic;
pub use basic::BasicDisplay;
cfg_std! {
pub use basic::DisplayConnection;
}
mod cell;
pub use cell::CellDisplay;
mod cookie;
pub use cookie::Cookie;
mod ext;
pub use ext::*;
mod extension_map;
pub(crate) use extension_map::ExtensionMap;
mod sans_io;
pub(crate) use sans_io::X11Core;
mod poison;
pub(crate) use poison::Poisonable;
mod prefetch;
pub(crate) use prefetch::Prefetch;
mod raw_request;
pub use raw_request::{
from_reply_fds_request, from_reply_request, from_void_request, RawReply, RawRequest,
};
cfg_sync! {
mod sync;
pub use sync::SyncDisplay;
}
cfg_test! {
//mod tests;
}
pub use crate::automatically_generated::DisplayFunctionsExt;
cfg_async! {
pub use crate::automatically_generated::AsyncDisplayFunctionsExt;
pub(crate) use raw_request::BufferedRequest;
use core::task::{Context, Poll};
}
use crate::Result;
use alloc::{boxed::Box, sync::Arc};
use x11rb_protocol::protocol::{
xproto::{GetInputFocusRequest, Screen, Setup},
Event,
};
/// An interface to the X11 server, containing functionality that is neither
/// inherently synchronous nor asynchronous.
///
/// This trait is the supertrait for both [`Display`] and [`AsyncDisplay`].
/// It only contains functions for retrieving the setup information and
/// for polling the server in a non-blocking manner.
///
/// These functions should be used if, for instance, you want to fetch an
/// event, but if it is not available you need to do something else instead.
/// In addition, `Setup` information is useful for determining screen
/// parameters, among other things.
///
/// [`Display`]: crate::display::Display
/// [`AsyncDisplay`]: crate::display::AsyncDisplay
pub trait DisplayBase {
/// Get the [`Setup`] associated with this display.
///
/// The [`Setup`] contains a variety of information that is useful
/// for determining aspects of the currently available environment.
/// This includes screen size, the maximum length of a request,
/// keycodes, and more.
///
/// [`Setup`]: crate::protocol::xproto::Setup
fn setup(&self) -> &Arc<Setup>;
/// Get the screen associated with this display.
///
/// At startup time, the default screen to use in the process is
/// determined by the user. This is the index of that screen.
fn default_screen_index(&self) -> usize;
/// Poll to see if a reply matching the sequence number has been received.
///
/// This checks the reply map to see if a reply has been received for the
/// given sequence number. If it has, it returns the reply. Otherwise, it
/// tries to fetch it from the server.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should never block. Non-blocking I/O should be used to
/// fetch the reply, and `None` should be returned if the call would
/// block.
fn poll_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<Option<RawReply>>;
/// Poll to see if we have received an event.
///
/// This checks the event queue to see if an event has been received. If
/// it has, it returns the event. Otherwise, it tries to fetch it from
/// the server.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should never block. Non-blocking I/O should be used to
/// fetch the event, and `None` should be returned if the call would
/// block.
fn poll_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Event>>;
/* Helper methods */
/// Get the screens for this display.
///
/// This is equivalent to `self.setup().roots`, but is marginally
/// more convenient.
fn screens(&self) -> &[Screen] {
&self.setup().roots
}
/// Get the default screen for this display.
///
/// This is equivalent to `self.setup().roots[self.default_screen_index()]`.
fn default_screen(&self) -> &Screen {
self.screens()
.get(self.default_screen_index())
.unwrap_or_else(|| {
panic!(
"Default screen index {} is not a valid screen",
self.default_screen_index()
)
})
}
}
/// A blocking interface to the X11 server.
///
/// This interface can be used to do everything that [`DisplayBase`]
/// can do, but it is also capable of blocking on I/O. This allows it
/// to send requests, receive replies/events, among other things.
///
/// Objects of this type should never be put into non-blocking mode.
///
/// [`DisplayBase`]: crate::display::DisplayBase
pub trait Display: DisplayBase {
/// Send a raw request to the X11 server.
///
/// This function formats `req`, sends it to the server, and returns
/// the sequence number associated with that request.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should block until the request has been sent to the
/// server.
fn send_request_raw(&mut self, req: RawRequest<'_, '_>) -> Result<u64>;
/// Wait for a reply from the X11 server.
///
/// This function waits for a reply to the given sequence number.
///
/// Note that if the request has no reply, this function will likely
/// hang forever.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should block until a reply is received from the
/// server.
fn wait_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<RawReply>;
/// Wait for an event.
///
/// This function waits for an event to be received from the server.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should block until an event is received from the
/// server.
fn wait_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Event>;
/// Get the maximum request length that can be sent.
///
/// Returned in units of 4 bytes.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// The server may be using the Big Requests extension, which allows
/// for requests to be larger than the default maximum request length.
/// If so, this function will block until the server has updated its
/// maximum request length.
fn maximum_request_length(&mut self) -> Result<usize>;
/// Get a unique ID valid for use by the server.
///
/// This function returns a unique ID that can be used by the server
/// to identify the client's resources.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// If the client has exhausted its XID range, this function will
/// block until the server has repopulated it.
fn generate_xid(&mut self) -> Result<u32>;
/// Synchronize this display with the server.
///
/// By default, this function sends and receives a low-cost
/// request. This is useful for ensuring that the server has
/// "caught up" with the client.
fn synchronize(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let span = tracing::info_span!("synchronize");
let _enter = span.enter();
// send the sync request
let get_input_focus = GetInputFocusRequest {};
raw_request::from_reply_request(get_input_focus, |req| {
let seq = self.send_request_raw(req)?;
// flush the stream
self.flush()?;
// wait for the reply
self.wait_for_reply_raw(seq).map(|_| ())
})
}
/// Check for an error for the given sequence number.
///
/// This is intended to be used for void requests. For all
/// other requests, either an error will occur or the reply
/// will be discarded.
fn check_for_error(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<()>;
/// Flush all pending requests to the server.
///
/// # Blocking
///
/// This function should block until all pending requests have been
/// sent to the server.
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>;
}
/// The status of an async function.
///
/// An async function can either be ready, or be unready for a number of
/// reasons. This enum is used to represent the status of an async
/// function.
///
/// It can be thought of as similar to [`Poll`], but instead of returning
/// `Pending`, it returns the exact reason why it is pending.
///
/// [`Poll`]: std::task::Poll
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(not(feature = "async"), doc(hidden))]
pub enum AsyncStatus<T> {
/// The function's result is ready.
Ready(T),
/// We are waiting for a read to be available.
Read,
/// We are waiting for a write to be available.
Write,
/// We are waiting for something else.
///
/// The implementation is expected to wake the provided waker
/// once the function is ready to be called again.
UserControlled,
}
impl<T> AsyncStatus<T> {
/// Returns `true` if the `AsyncStatus` is `Ready`.
pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Ready(_))
}
/// Maps the `AsyncStatus` from one type to another, if the
/// `AsyncStatus` is `Ready`.
pub fn map<R>(self, f: impl FnOnce(T) -> R) -> AsyncStatus<R> {
match self {
Self::Ready(t) => AsyncStatus::Ready(f(t)),
Self::Read => AsyncStatus::Read,
Self::Write => AsyncStatus::Write,
Self::UserControlled => AsyncStatus::UserControlled,
}
}
/// Unwrap the `AsyncStatus`, returning the inner value or
/// panicking otherwise.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if the `AsyncStatus` is not `Ready`.
pub fn unwrap(self) -> T {
match self {
Self::Ready(t) => t,
_ => panic!("unwrap() called on non-ready AsyncStatus"),
}
}
/// Convert the `AsyncStatus` into an `Option`.
pub fn ready(self) -> Option<T> {
match self {
Self::Ready(t) => Some(t),
_ => None,
}
}
}
impl<T: Copy> AsyncStatus<&T> {
/// Copy the reference in an `AsyncStatus` to a value.
#[must_use]
pub fn copied(self) -> AsyncStatus<T> {
self.map(|&t| t)
}
}
cfg_async! {
/// The interest to poll the runtime for.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub enum Interest {
/// We are waiting for the stream to be readable.
Readable,
/// We are waiting for the stream to be writable.
Writable,
}
/// A display that *can* be async, if wrapped in an async runtime.
///
/// This trait exposes functions similar to those in [`Display`], but
/// instead of blocking and returning a value, they return an
/// [`AsyncStatus`] if the value is available.
///
/// Async runtime hooks should use this trait as the underlying object
/// for [`AsyncDisplay`] implementations. Objects of this trait can't
/// be used in the normal way, since an async runtime is needed to
/// drive the I/O.
///
/// [`Display`]: crate::display::Display
/// [`AsyncDisplay`]: crate::display::AsyncDisplay
/// [`AsyncStatus`]: crate::display::AsyncStatus
pub trait CanBeAsyncDisplay: DisplayBase {
/// Partially format the request.
///
/// This method tries to format the request in such a way that
/// it can be passed to [`try_send_request_raw`]. If additional
/// information is needed to complete the request (e.g. extension
/// info or bigreq), this method is allowed to return a non-ready
/// status.
///
/// This method returns the sequence number of the request, which
/// can be used to wait for the reply.
fn format_request(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u64>>;
/// Partially send the request.
///
/// This function actually sends the request to the server. Note
/// that the request has to be formatted using [`format_request`]
/// before this method is called.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function does not have to be cancel safe. In fact, it is
/// likely impossible to make this cancel safe, since sending a
/// fragment of a request will corrupt the X11 server.
fn try_send_request_raw(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>>;
/// Wait for the reply.
///
/// This function waits for the reply to the request with the
/// given sequence number. If the reply is not yet available,
/// this function returns a non-ready status.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function should be cancel safe. It should read into some
/// kind of buffer, and then return a ready status if the buffer
/// is completed.
fn try_wait_for_reply_raw(
&mut self,
seq: u64,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<RawReply>>;
/// Wait for an event.
///
/// This function waits for an event to be available. If an event
/// is not available, this function returns a non-ready status.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function should be cancel safe. It should read into some
/// kind of buffer, and then return a ready status if the buffer
/// is completed.
fn try_wait_for_event(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<Event>>;
/// Flush the output buffer.
///
/// This function flushes the output buffer. If the output buffer
/// cannot be emptied, this function returns a non-ready status.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function doesn't have to be cancel safe. It is likely
/// impossible to make this cancel safe, since flushing the
/// output buffer only partially will corrupt the X11 server.
fn try_flush(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>>;
/// Generate a unique XID.
///
/// This function generates a unique XID. It may involve
/// `try_send_request_raw`, so it has to be partial.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function doesn't have to be cancel safe.
fn try_generate_xid(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u32>>;
/// Get the maximum length of a request that can be sent.
///
/// This function returns the maximum length of a request that
/// can be sent.
///
/// # Cancel Safety
///
/// This function doesn't have to be cancel safe.
fn try_maximum_request_length(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<usize>>;
/// Try to check for an error.
fn try_check_for_error(&mut self, seq: u64, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>>;
}
/// A non-blocking interface to the X11 server.
///
/// This is an asynchronous version of the [`Display`] trait. It can
/// do everything that a [`Display`] can do, but it doesn't
/// block and return values. Instead, it returns a [`Future`] that can
/// be used to wait for the result.
///
/// [`Display`]: crate::display::Display
/// [`Future`]: std::future::Future
pub trait AsyncDisplay: CanBeAsyncDisplay {
/// Poll for an interest. If the interest if ready, call
/// the provided callback.
///
/// This function is used to drive I/O. It should be called
/// whenever the runtime is ready to wait on I/O, and should be
/// implemented as follows:
///
/// - Poll for the specific interest.
/// - If the interest is ready, call the given callback.
/// - Otherwise, return `Pending`.
fn poll_for_interest(
&mut self,
interest: Interest,
callback: &mut dyn FnMut(&mut dyn AsyncDisplay, &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<()>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Poll<Result<()>>;
}
}
/* Mut impls */
impl<D: DisplayBase + ?Sized> DisplayBase for &mut D {
fn setup(&self) -> &Arc<Setup> {
(**self).setup()
}
fn default_screen_index(&self) -> usize {
(**self).default_screen_index()
}
fn poll_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Event>> {
(**self).poll_for_event()
}
fn poll_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<Option<RawReply>> {
(**self).poll_for_reply_raw(seq)
}
}
impl<D: Display + ?Sized> Display for &mut D {
fn send_request_raw(&mut self, req: RawRequest<'_, '_>) -> Result<u64> {
(**self).send_request_raw(req)
}
fn wait_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Event> {
(**self).wait_for_event()
}
fn wait_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<RawReply> {
(**self).wait_for_reply_raw(seq)
}
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
(**self).flush()
}
fn synchronize(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
(**self).synchronize()
}
fn generate_xid(&mut self) -> Result<u32> {
(**self).generate_xid()
}
fn maximum_request_length(&mut self) -> Result<usize> {
(**self).maximum_request_length()
}
fn check_for_error(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
(**self).check_for_error(seq)
}
}
cfg_async! {
impl<D: CanBeAsyncDisplay + ?Sized> CanBeAsyncDisplay for &mut D {
fn format_request(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u64>> {
(**self).format_request(req, ctx)
}
fn try_send_request_raw(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_send_request_raw(req, ctx)
}
fn try_wait_for_event(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<Event>> {
(**self).try_wait_for_event(ctx)
}
fn try_wait_for_reply_raw(
&mut self,
seq: u64,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<RawReply>> {
(**self).try_wait_for_reply_raw(seq, ctx)
}
fn try_flush(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_flush(ctx)
}
fn try_generate_xid(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u32>> {
(**self).try_generate_xid(ctx)
}
fn try_maximum_request_length(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<usize>> {
(**self).try_maximum_request_length(ctx)
}
fn try_check_for_error(
&mut self,
seq: u64,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_check_for_error(seq, ctx)
}
}
impl<D: AsyncDisplay + ?Sized> AsyncDisplay for &mut D {
fn poll_for_interest(
&mut self,
interest: Interest,
callback: &mut dyn FnMut(&mut dyn AsyncDisplay, &mut Context< '_>) -> Result<()>,
ctx: &mut Context< '_>
) -> Poll<Result<()>> {
(**self).poll_for_interest(interest, callback, ctx)
}
}
}
/* Box impls */
impl<D: DisplayBase + ?Sized> DisplayBase for Box<D> {
fn setup(&self) -> &Arc<Setup> {
(**self).setup()
}
fn default_screen_index(&self) -> usize {
(**self).default_screen_index()
}
fn poll_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Event>> {
(**self).poll_for_event()
}
fn poll_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<Option<RawReply>> {
(**self).poll_for_reply_raw(seq)
}
}
impl<D: Display + ?Sized> Display for Box<D> {
fn send_request_raw(&mut self, req: RawRequest<'_, '_>) -> Result<u64> {
(**self).send_request_raw(req)
}
fn maximum_request_length(&mut self) -> Result<usize> {
(**self).maximum_request_length()
}
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
(**self).flush()
}
fn generate_xid(&mut self) -> Result<u32> {
(**self).generate_xid()
}
fn synchronize(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
(**self).synchronize()
}
fn wait_for_event(&mut self) -> Result<Event> {
(**self).wait_for_event()
}
fn wait_for_reply_raw(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<RawReply> {
(**self).wait_for_reply_raw(seq)
}
fn check_for_error(&mut self, seq: u64) -> Result<()> {
(**self).check_for_error(seq)
}
}
cfg_async! {
impl<D: CanBeAsyncDisplay + ?Sized> CanBeAsyncDisplay for Box<D> {
fn format_request(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u64>> {
(**self).format_request(req, ctx)
}
fn try_flush(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_flush(ctx)
}
fn try_generate_xid(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<u32>> {
(**self).try_generate_xid(ctx)
}
fn try_maximum_request_length(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<usize>> {
(**self).try_maximum_request_length(ctx)
}
fn try_send_request_raw(
&mut self,
req: &mut RawRequest<'_, '_>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_send_request_raw(req, ctx)
}
fn try_wait_for_event(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Result<AsyncStatus<Event>> {
(**self).try_wait_for_event(ctx)
}
fn try_wait_for_reply_raw(
&mut self,
seq: u64,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<RawReply>> {
(**self).try_wait_for_reply_raw(seq, ctx)
}
fn try_check_for_error(
&mut self,
seq: u64,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<AsyncStatus<()>> {
(**self).try_check_for_error(seq, ctx)
}
}
impl<D: AsyncDisplay + ?Sized> AsyncDisplay for Box<D> {
fn poll_for_interest(
&mut self,
interest: Interest,
callback: &mut dyn FnMut(&mut dyn AsyncDisplay, &mut Context< '_>) -> Result<()>,
ctx: &mut Context<'_>
) -> Poll<Result<()>> {
(**self).poll_for_interest(interest, callback, ctx)
}
}
}