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//
// Copyright (c) Zach Marcantel. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the GPLv3. See LICENSE file in the project root
// for full license information.
//
#![no_std]
/// Generate a unit structure to represent a set of bit-regions.
/// Intended to be used both as bitflags held in structs/collections as well
/// as representing something like a memory-mapped register in more embedded
/// applications.
///
/// This crate is set as `#![no_std]` so it can freely be used in other such crates.
///
/// Regions are given the `#repr({type})` attribute based on the `{repr}`
/// given to the macro.
///
/// The following traits are generated for the new struct:
/// - `Into<{repr}>`
/// - `From<{repr}>`
/// - `PartialEq`
/// - `Display`
/// - toggles print their name if set
/// - multibit always prints `{name}={val}`
/// - `Debug`
/// - prints raw value in hex
/// - `+` and `+=`
/// - `-` and `-=`
/// - `*` and `*=`
/// - `/` and `/=`
/// - `^` and `^=`
/// - `|` and `|=`
/// - `&` and `&=`
///
/// # Basic Example:
///
/// Example purely to show the API.
/// Creates a stack-based u16 unit-struct with helper methods.
///
/// ```
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate bitregions;
/// bitregions! {
/// pub Example u16 {
/// EN_FEATURE: 0b0000000000000001,
/// EN_DEVICE: 0b0000000000000010,
/// PORT_NUM: 0b0000000000011100 | 0..=5, // only 0-5 is valid
/// BUSY: 0b0000000001000000,
/// VAL_BUFFER: 0b1111111100000000,
/// }
///
/// pub fn port_and_value(port: u8, val: u8) -> Example {
/// let mut r = Example::new(0u16);
/// r.set_port_num(port);
/// r.set_val_buffer(val);
/// r
/// }
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// println!("value buffer mask is: {:#X}", Example::VAL_BUFFER);
///
/// // create an example memory mapped io register
/// // exists on the stack with the value 0.
/// // see below for using this as a pointer to the register.
/// let mut ex = Example::new(0u16);
///
/// // enable the feature this register governs
/// ex.set_en_feature();
///
/// // wait for the busy bit to clear
/// // then set busy to block reader (could be more pedantic with ex.set_busy())
/// while ex.busy() { println!("bus is busy"); }
/// ex.toggle_busy();
/// assert_eq!(ex.extract_busy().raw() & Example::BUSY, Example::BUSY);
///
/// // set the port to write to. must be 0-5
/// // otherwise we trigger a debug_assert! (removed in release builds)
/// // same with the value buffer
/// ex |= Example::port_and_value(4u8, 0x38u8);
/// // clear busy bit (could be more pedantic with ex.unset_busy())
/// ex.toggle_busy();
///
/// // wait for a response
/// while ex.busy() { println!("waiting for response"); }
///
/// // read the value out of the buffer (pre-shifted for you)
/// // then, assert the shift happened correctly by looking at the
/// // unshifted version returned by the extract_{field} variant.
/// let resp = ex.val_buffer() as u16;
/// assert_eq!(resp << 8, ex.extract_val_buffer().raw());
///
/// // disable the feature this register governs
/// ex.unset_en_feature();
///
///
/// //
/// // math and bitwise operations
/// //
///
/// ex += 1u16;
/// ex -= 1u16;
/// ex *= 2u16;
/// ex /= 2u16;
/// ex |= 0xBDu8;
/// ex &= 0xDBu8;
/// ex ^= ex;
///
/// //
/// // display and debug
/// //
///
/// ex = Example::with_en_feature(); // use a with_{field} ctor
/// ex.set_port_num(4u8);
/// ex.set_val_buffer(0xABu8);
/// let display = format!("{}", ex);
/// assert_eq!(display, "EN_FEATURE | PORT_NUM=0x4 | VAL_BUFFER=0xAB");
///
/// let debug = format!("{:?}", ex);
/// assert_eq!(debug, "0xAB11");
///
///
/// //
/// // get region as a tuple
/// //
///
/// // as a tuple of u8 e.g. (u8, u8, u8) for port_num
/// let tup = ex.port_num_tuple();
/// assert_eq!(
/// ex.port_num(),
/// match tup {
/// (0,0,0) => { 0 }
/// (0,0,1) => { 1 }
/// (0,1,0) => { 2 }
/// (0,1,1) => { 3 }
/// (1,0,0) => { 4 }
/// (1,0,1) => { 5 }
/// _ => { 0xFF }
/// },
/// "got {:?}, but expected {:b}", tup, ex.port_num(),
/// );
///
/// // or as a tuple of booleans e.g. (bool, bool, bool) for port_num
/// let bools = ex.port_num_bools();
/// if bools.1 {
/// // the second bit in the port number is set
/// }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Memory-mapped Example:
///
/// A common case for bitmaps/bitflags/etc are memory-mapped registers.
/// Below is an example that creates a lifetimed reference to some memory
/// region this register would represent.
///
/// You can optionally provide a default address location using the
/// `{name} {repr} @ {addr}` syntax. This variant returns a static, mutable ref.
///
/// ```
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate bitregions;
/// bitregions! {
/// pub Example u16 @ 0xDEADBEEF {
/// EN_FEATURE: 0b0000000000000001,
/// EN_DEVICE: 0b0000000000000010,
/// PORT_NUM: 0b0000000000011100 | 0..=5, // only 0-5 is valid
/// BUSY: 0b0000000001000000,
/// VAL_BUFFER: 0b1111111100000000,
/// }
/// }
///
/// const MEMIO_ADDR: usize = 0xC0FFEE;
/// bitregions! {
/// pub MemIOBase u16 @ MEMIO_ADDR {
/// SOME_REGION: 0b0000000000000001,
/// }
/// }
/// bitregions! {
/// pub ControlReg u16 @ MEMIO_ADDR + 0x80 {
/// SOME_REGION: 0b0000000000000001,
/// }
/// }
///
///
/// fn main() {
/// // create "fake memory" so the doc-test works
/// // address is the important thing
/// let mem: [u8; 4096] = [0u8; 4096];
///
/// // create a lifetimed reference to the register elsewhere
/// // in memory (the above slice, in our case, but could be anywhere)
/// let ex = unsafe { Example::at_addr_mut(&mem[8] as *const _ as usize) };
///
/// // everything else works like normal
/// ex.set_en_feature();
/// assert!(ex.en_feature());
/// ex.set_val_buffer(128u8);
/// println!("{:#X}", ex.val_buffer());
/// assert_eq!(128, ex.val_buffer());
///
/// // you can also initialize the pointer directly
/// let ptr = unsafe { Example::default_ptr() };
/// assert_eq!(ptr as *mut _ as usize, 0xDEADBEEF);
/// // but we cannot use it in the examples or it will segfault :/
///
/// // you can set the default address using a literal, ident, or const expression
/// let memio = unsafe { MemIOBase::default_ptr() };
/// assert_eq!(memio as *mut _ as usize, MEMIO_ADDR);
/// let control = unsafe { ControlReg::default_ptr() };
/// assert_eq!(control as *mut _ as usize, MEMIO_ADDR + 0x80);
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # From Reference Example:
///
/// Below is an example which casts a reference of the region's underlying
/// type to our generated struct. This allows you to "add features" to a raw
/// value. While safer than the memory-mapped example but is still unsafe code
/// as you could share a reference into a slice.
///
/// ```
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate bitregions;
/// bitregions! {
/// pub Example u16 {
/// EN_FEATURE: 0b0000000000000001,
/// EN_DEVICE: 0b0000000000000010,
/// PORT_NUM: 0b0000000000011100 | 0..=5, // only 0-5 is valid
/// BUSY: 0b0000000001000000,
/// VAL_BUFFER: 0b1111111100000000,
/// }
/// }
///
///
/// fn main() {
/// // create "fake memory" to illustrate the example
/// // the reference could be to a single u16 or relevant type...
/// let mut mem: [u8; 4096] = [0u8; 4096];
///
/// // create the reference -- this is unsafe because we allow
/// // for a wider range of types than strictly the underlying type.
/// // you can see in this example we use a &u8 to create (effectively) a &u16
/// let ex = unsafe { Example::at_ref_mut(&mut mem[8]) };
///
/// // everything else works like normal
/// ex.set_en_feature();
/// assert!(ex.en_feature());
/// ex.set_val_buffer(128u8);
/// println!("{:#X}", ex.val_buffer());
/// assert_eq!(128, ex.val_buffer());
/// }
/// ```
///
///
/// # Debug Assertions
///
/// When built in debug-mode, setters will assert the given value
/// both fits in the region (4bit number in 2bit region) and is within
/// the (optional) range (3bit region, 0-5 allowed, given 7).
///
/// ```should_panic
/// # #[macro_use] extern crate bitregions;
/// bitregions! {
/// pub Example u8 {
/// RANGED: 0b00011100 | 1..=6,
/// NON_RANGED: 0b11100000,
/// }
/// }
///
///
/// fn main() {
/// let mut ex = Example::new(0u8);
///
/// ex.set_ranged(1u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_ranged(3u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_ranged(6u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_ranged(0u8); // will panic do to range violation
/// ex.set_ranged(7u8); // will panic do to range violation
/// ex.set_ranged(8u8); // will panic do to region violation
///
/// ex.set_non_ranged(1u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_non_ranged(3u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_non_ranged(6u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_non_ranged(0u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_non_ranged(7u8); // works fine
/// ex.set_non_ranged(8u8); // will panic do to region violation
/// }
/// ```
///
pub use bitregions_impl::bitregions;
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use super::*;
bitregions! {
pub Test u16 {
LOW_REGION: 0b00000111 | 0..=5,
HIGH_REGION: 0b00011000,
HIGH_TOGGLE: 0b01000000,
}
pub fn with_regions(high: u8, low: u8) -> Test {
let mut r = Test::new(0u16);
r.set_high_region(high);
r.set_low_region(low);
r
}
}
bitregions! {
pub DefaultLitAddrTest u16 @ 0xC0FFEE {
HIGH_TOGGLE: 0b01000000,
}
}
const DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST: usize = 0xDEADBEEF;
bitregions! {
pub DefaultConstAddrTest u16 @ DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST {
HIGH_TOGGLE: 0b01000000,
}
}
bitregions! {
pub DefaultExprAddrTest u16 @ DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST + 0x80 {
HIGH_TOGGLE: 0b01000000,
}
}
bitregions! {
pub WideRegionTest u32 @ DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST + 0x80 {
BITS6: 0b00000000000000000000000000111111,
BITS10: 0b00000000000000011111111110000000,
BITS15: 0b11111111111111100000000000000000,
}
}
// TODO: test overlap funcs
// TODO: should_panic tests around generation?
/*
bitregions! {
pub TestOverlap u16 {
LOW_REGION: 0b00000111,
HIGH_REGION: 0b00011100,
}
}
*/
// TODO: test gaps funcs
// TODO: should_panic tests around generation?
/*
bitregions! {
pub TestGap u16 {
GAP: 0b00101000,
}
}
bitregions! {
pub TestMultGap u16 {
GAP: 0b00101010,
}
}
*/
#[test]
fn default_impl() {
assert_eq!(Test::default().raw(), 0);
assert_eq!(DefaultLitAddrTest::default().raw(), 0);
assert_eq!(DefaultConstAddrTest::default().raw(), 0);
assert_eq!(DefaultExprAddrTest::default().raw(), 0);
assert_eq!(WideRegionTest::default().raw(), 0);
}
#[test]
fn with_ctors() {
assert_eq!(Test::with_high_toggle(), Test::HIGH_TOGGLE.into());
assert_eq!(Test::with_low_region(4u8), Test::new(4u16));
assert_eq!(Test::with_high_region(3u8), Test::new(3u16 << 3));
}
#[test]
fn user_fns() {
let mut expect = Test::new(0u16);
expect.set_low_region(4u8);
expect.set_high_region(3u8);
assert_eq!(expect, Test::with_regions(3, 4));
}
#[test]
fn get_set_low_region() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
assert!(0 == test.low_region());
test.set_low_region(5u8);
assert!(5 == test.low_region());
test.set_low_region(2u8);
assert!(2 == test.low_region());
test.set_low_region(4u8);
assert!(4 == test.low_region());
test.set_low_region(0u8);
assert!(0 == test.low_region());
}
#[test]
fn get_low_region_tuple() {
let mut test = Test::with_low_region(5u8);
let mut tup = test.low_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (1,0,1));
test.set_low_region(1u8);
tup = test.low_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (0,0,1));
test.set_low_region(4u8);
tup = test.low_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (1,0,0));
}
#[test]
fn get_low_region_bools() {
let mut test = Test::with_low_region(5u8);
let mut bools = test.low_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (true,false,true));
test.set_low_region(1u8);
bools = test.low_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (false,false,true));
test.set_low_region(4u8);
bools = test.low_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (true,false,false));
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn set_beyond_low_region() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
test.set_low_region(8u8);
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn set_low_region_outside_range() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
test.set_low_region(6u8);
}
#[test]
fn get_set_high_region() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
assert!(0 == test.high_region());
test.set_high_region(2u8);
assert!(2 == test.high_region());
test.set_low_region(3u8);
assert!(3 == test.low_region());
test.set_high_region(0u8);
assert!(0 == test.high_region());
}
#[test]
fn get_high_region_tuple() {
let mut test = Test::with_high_region(1u8);
let mut tup = test.high_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (0,1));
test.set_high_region(3u8);
tup = test.high_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (1,1));
test.set_high_region(0u8);
tup = test.high_region_tuple();
assert_eq!(tup, (0,0));
}
#[test]
fn get_high_region_bools() {
let mut test = Test::with_high_region(1u8);
let mut bools = test.high_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (false,true));
test.set_high_region(3u8);
bools = test.high_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (true,true));
test.set_high_region(0u8);
bools = test.high_region_bools();
assert_eq!(bools, (false,false));
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn set_beyond_high_region() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
test.set_high_region(4u8);
}
#[test]
fn toggle() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert!(test.high_toggle());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
}
#[test]
fn set_single_bit() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
test.set_high_toggle();
assert!(test.high_toggle());
test.set_high_toggle();
assert!(test.high_toggle());
}
#[test]
fn unset_single_bit() {
let mut test = Test::from(0);
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
test.set_high_toggle();
assert!(test.high_toggle());
test.unset_high_toggle();
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
test.unset_high_toggle();
assert!(!test.high_toggle());
}
#[test]
fn at_addr() {
let mut mem: [u8; 4096] = [0u8; 4096];
let u16_ptr = &mut mem[8] as *mut _ as *mut u16;
let test = unsafe {
Test::at_addr_mut(&mut mem[8] as *mut _ as usize)
};
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.set_high_region(3u8);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b11000);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.set_low_region(5u8);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b11101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b1011101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b0011101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
}
#[test]
fn at_ref() {
let mut mem: [u8; 4096] = [0u8; 4096];
let u16_ptr = &mut mem[16] as *mut _ as *mut u16;
let test = unsafe { Test::at_ref_mut(&mut mem[16]) };
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.set_high_region(3u8);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b11000);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.set_low_region(5u8);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b11101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b1011101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
test.toggle_high_toggle();
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, 0b0011101);
assert_eq!(unsafe{*u16_ptr}, test.raw());
}
#[test]
fn math_ops() {
// add
assert_eq!(Test::new(18u16), Test::new(3u16) + Test::new(15u16));
// sub
assert_eq!(Test::new(7u16), Test::new(20u16) - Test::new(13u16));
// mul
assert_eq!(Test::new(18u16), Test::new(6u16) * Test::new(3u16));
// div
assert_eq!(Test::new(3u16), Test::new(24u16) / Test::new(8u16));
}
#[test]
fn math_assign_ops() {
// add
let mut add_test = Test::new(3u16);
add_test += Test::new(15u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(18u16), add_test);
// sub
let mut sub_test = Test::new(20u16);
sub_test -= Test::new(13u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(7u16), sub_test);
// mul
let mut mul_test = Test::new(6u16);
mul_test *= Test::new(3u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(18u16), mul_test);
// div
let mut div_test = Test::new(24u16);
div_test /= Test::new(8u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(3u16), div_test);
}
#[test]
fn bit_ops() {
// or
assert_eq!(Test::new(0xB4u16), Test::new(0xB0u16) | Test::new(0x04u16));
// and
assert_eq!(Test::new(0x04u16), Test::new(0xD7u16) & Test::new(0x04u16));
// xor
assert_eq!(Test::new(0b001100u16), Test::new(0b110011u16) ^ Test::new(0b111111u16));
// shl
assert_eq!(Test::new(8u16), Test::new(2u16) << Test::new(2u16));
// shr
assert_eq!(Test::new(1u16), Test::new(8u16) >> Test::new(3u16));
}
#[test]
fn bit_assign_ops() {
// or
let mut or_test = Test::new(0xB0u16);
or_test |= Test::new(0x04u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(0xB4u16), or_test);
// and
let mut and_test = Test::new(0xD7u16);
and_test &= Test::new(0x04u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(4u16), and_test);
// xor
let mut xor_test = Test::new(0b110011u16);
xor_test ^= Test::new(0b111111u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(0b001100u16), xor_test);
// shl
let mut shl_test = Test::new(1u16);
shl_test <<= Test::new(3u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(8u16), shl_test);
// shr
let mut shr_test = Test::new(8u16);
shr_test >>= Test::new(3u16);
assert_eq!(Test::new(1u16), shr_test);
}
#[test]
fn default_ptr_lit() {
let ptr = unsafe { DefaultLitAddrTest::default_ptr() };
assert_eq!(ptr as *mut _ as usize, 0xC0FFEE);
}
#[test]
fn default_ptr_ident() {
let ptr = unsafe { DefaultConstAddrTest::default_ptr() };
assert_eq!(ptr as *mut _ as usize, DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST);
}
#[test]
fn default_ptr_expr() {
let ptr = unsafe { DefaultExprAddrTest::default_ptr() };
assert_eq!(ptr as *mut _ as usize, DEFAULT_ADDR_CONST + 0x80);
}
#[test]
fn wide_region_getters() {
let mut test = WideRegionTest::new(0u32);
test.set_bits6(10u8);
test.set_bits10(1023u16);
test.set_bits15(1234u16);
let bits6: u8 = test.bits6();
assert_eq!(bits6, 10u8);
let bits10: u16 = test.bits10();
assert_eq!(bits10, 1023u16);
let bits15: u16 = test.bits15();
assert_eq!(bits15, 1234u16);
}
#[test]
fn wide_region_tuples() {
let mut test = WideRegionTest::new(0u32);
test.set_bits6(10u8);
test.set_bits10(1023u16);
test.set_bits15(1234u16);
assert_eq!(test.bits6_tuple(), (0,0,1,0,1,0));
assert_eq!(test.bits6_bools(), (false,false,true,false,true,false));
}
}