Trait actix_error::Display

pub trait Display {
    // Required method
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>;
}

Format trait for an empty format, {}.

Implementing this trait for a type will automatically implement the ToString trait for the type, allowing the usage of the .to_string() method. Prefer implementing the Display trait for a type, rather than ToString.

Display is similar to Debug, but Display is for user-facing output, and so cannot be derived.

For more information on formatters, see the module-level documentation.

Examples

Implementing Display on a type:

use std::fmt;

struct Point {
    x: i32,
    y: i32,
}

impl fmt::Display for Point {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "({}, {})", self.x, self.y)
    }
}

let origin = Point { x: 0, y: 0 };

assert_eq!(format!("The origin is: {origin}"), "The origin is: (0, 0)");

Required Methods

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

Examples

use std::fmt;

struct Position {
    longitude: f32,
    latitude: f32,
}

impl fmt::Display for Position {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "({}, {})", self.longitude, self.latitude)
    }
}

assert_eq!("(1.987, 2.983)",
           format!("{}", Position { longitude: 1.987, latitude: 2.983, }));

Implementors

impl Display for AsciiChar

impl Display for Infallible

impl Display for IpAddr

impl Display for SocketAddr

impl Display for VarError

impl Display for std::io::error::ErrorKind

impl Display for RecvTimeoutError

impl Display for std::sync::mpsc::TryRecvError

impl Display for JsonPayloadError

impl Display for PathError

impl Display for QueryPayloadError

impl Display for ReadlinesError

impl Display for UrlGenerationError

impl Display for UrlencodedError

impl Display for CacheDirective

impl Display for DispositionParam

impl Display for DispositionType

impl Display for ContentRangeSpec

impl Display for Encoding

impl Display for IfMatch

impl Display for IfNoneMatch

impl Display for IfRange

impl Display for ByteRangeSpec

impl Display for Range

impl Display for SameSite

impl Display for cookie::parse::ParseError

impl Display for log::Level

impl Display for log::LevelFilter

impl Display for Value

impl Display for url::parser::ParseError

impl Display for SyntaxViolation

impl Display for BernoulliError

impl Display for WeightedError

impl Display for bool

impl Display for char

impl Display for f32

impl Display for f64

impl Display for i8

impl Display for i16

impl Display for i32

impl Display for i64

impl Display for i128

impl Display for isize

impl Display for !

impl Display for str

impl Display for u8

impl Display for u16

impl Display for u32

impl Display for u64

impl Display for u128

impl Display for usize

impl Display for UnorderedKeyError

impl Display for alloc::collections::TryReserveError

impl Display for FromVecWithNulError

impl Display for IntoStringError

impl Display for NulError

impl Display for FromUtf8Error

impl Display for FromUtf16Error

impl Display for String

impl Display for LayoutError

impl Display for AllocError

impl Display for core::array::TryFromSliceError

impl Display for core::ascii::EscapeDefault

impl Display for BorrowError

impl Display for BorrowMutError

impl Display for CharTryFromError

impl Display for ParseCharError

impl Display for DecodeUtf16Error

impl Display for core::char::EscapeDebug

impl Display for core::char::EscapeDefault

impl Display for core::char::EscapeUnicode

impl Display for ToLowercase

impl Display for ToUppercase

impl Display for TryFromCharError

impl Display for FromBytesUntilNulError

impl Display for FromBytesWithNulError

impl Display for Arguments<'_>

impl Display for core::fmt::Error

impl Display for Ipv4Addr

impl Display for Ipv6Addr

Write an Ipv6Addr, conforming to the canonical style described by RFC 5952.

impl Display for AddrParseError

impl Display for SocketAddrV4

impl Display for SocketAddrV6

impl Display for ParseFloatError

impl Display for core::num::error::ParseIntError

impl Display for core::num::error::TryFromIntError

impl Display for Location<'_>

impl Display for PanicInfo<'_>

impl Display for ParseBoolError

impl Display for Utf8Error

impl Display for TryFromFloatSecsError

impl Display for Backtrace

impl Display for JoinPathsError

impl Display for WriterPanicked

impl Display for std::io::error::Error

impl Display for std::path::Display<'_>

impl Display for StripPrefixError

impl Display for ExitStatus

impl Display for ExitStatusError

impl Display for std::sync::mpsc::RecvError

impl Display for AccessError

impl Display for SystemTimeError

impl Display for actix_web::error::error::Error

impl Display for BlockingError

impl Display for Accept

impl Display for AcceptCharset

impl Display for AcceptEncoding

impl Display for AcceptLanguage

impl Display for Allow

impl Display for CacheControl

impl Display for ContentDisposition

impl Display for ContentLanguage

impl Display for ContentRange

impl Display for ContentType

impl Display for actix_web::http::header::date::Date

impl Display for EntityTag

impl Display for ETag

impl Display for Expires

impl Display for IfModifiedSince

impl Display for IfUnmodifiedSince

impl Display for LastModified

impl Display for PeerAddr

impl Display for CompressError

impl Display for flate2::mem::DecompressError

impl Display for getrandom::error::Error

impl Display for h2::error::Error

impl Display for Reason

impl Display for http::error::Error

impl Display for HeaderName

impl Display for InvalidHeaderName

impl Display for InvalidHeaderValue

impl Display for ToStrError

impl Display for InvalidMethod

impl Display for Method

impl Display for InvalidStatusCode

impl Display for Authority

impl Display for PathAndQuery

impl Display for Scheme

impl Display for InvalidUri

impl Display for InvalidUriParts

impl Display for Uri

impl Display for log::ParseLevelError

impl Display for SetLoggerError

impl Display for FromStrError

impl Display for Mime

impl Display for serde::de::value::Error

impl Display for serde_json::error::Error

impl Display for Number

impl Display for Url

Display the serialization of this URL.

impl Display for ReadError

impl Display for rand_core::error::Error

impl Display for ApiError

impl Display for StatusCode

Formats the status code, including the canonical reason.

Example

assert_eq!(format!("{}", StatusCode::OK), "200 OK");

impl Display for Aborted

impl Display for AcquireError

impl Display for AnyDelimiterCodecError

impl Display for Ast

Print a display representation of this Ast.

This does not preserve any of the original whitespace formatting that may have originally been present in the concrete syntax from which this Ast was generated.

This implementation uses constant stack space and heap space proportional to the size of the Ast.

impl Display for BodyLimitExceeded

impl Display for BuildError

impl Display for BuildError

impl Display for BuildError

impl Display for BuildError

impl Display for BuildError

impl Display for ByteString

impl Display for CacheError

impl Display for CaseFoldError

impl Display for Charset

impl Display for CollectionAllocErr

impl Display for ComponentRange

impl Display for ContentSizeError

impl Display for ContentTypeError

impl Display for ConversionRange

impl Display for Date

impl Display for DecodeError

impl Display for DecodeSliceError

impl Display for DecompressError

impl Display for DeserializeError

impl Display for DifferentVariant

impl Display for DispatchError

impl Display for Duration

The format returned by this implementation is not stable and must not be relied upon.

By default this produces an exact, full-precision printout of the duration. For a concise, rounded printout instead, you can use the .N format specifier:

let duration = Duration::new(123456, 789011223);
println!("{duration:.3}");

For the purposes of this implementation, a day is exactly 24 hours and a minute is exactly 60 seconds.

impl Display for Elapsed

impl Display for EncodeSliceError

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for Error

impl Display for ErrorKind

impl Display for ErrorKind

impl Display for Errors

impl Display for ExtendedValue

impl Display for Field

impl Display for FieldSet

impl Display for Format

impl Display for GroupInfoError

impl Display for HandshakeError

impl Display for Hir

Print a display representation of this Hir.

The result of this is a valid regular expression pattern string.

This implementation uses constant stack space and heap space proportional to the size of the Hir.

impl Display for HttpDate

impl Display for HttpDate

impl Display for InvalidBufferSize

impl Display for InvalidChunkSize

impl Display for InvalidFormatDescription

impl Display for InvalidLength

impl Display for InvalidOutputSize

impl Display for InvalidVariant

impl Display for JoinError

impl Display for LanguageTag

impl Display for LengthDelimitedCodecError

impl Display for Level

impl Display for LevelFilter

impl Display for LinesCodecError

impl Display for MatchError

impl Display for MatchError

impl Display for Month

impl Display for OffsetDateTime

impl Display for OpCode

impl Display for Parse

impl Display for ParseAlphabetError

impl Display for ParseError

impl Display for ParseError

impl Display for ParseError

impl Display for ParseFromDescription

impl Display for ParseIntError

impl Display for ParseLevelError

impl Display for ParseLevelFilterError

impl Display for PatternIDError

impl Display for PatternIDError

impl Display for PatternSetInsertError

impl Display for PayloadError

impl Display for PrimitiveDateTime

impl Display for ProtocolError

impl Display for Quality

impl Display for RecvError

impl Display for RecvError

impl Display for RecvError

impl Display for Regex

impl Display for Regex

impl Display for ReuniteError

impl Display for ReuniteError

impl Display for SerializeError

impl Display for SetGlobalDefaultError

impl Display for SmallIndexError

impl Display for SpawnError

impl Display for StartError

impl Display for StateIDError

impl Display for StateIDError

impl Display for Time

impl Display for TryAcquireError

impl Display for TryCurrentError

impl Display for TryFromIntError

impl Display for TryFromParsed

impl Display for TryFromSliceError

impl Display for TryLockError

impl Display for TryRecvError

impl Display for TryRecvError

impl Display for TryRecvError

impl Display for TryReserveError

impl Display for UnicodeWordBoundaryError

impl Display for UnicodeWordError

impl Display for UtcOffset

impl Display for ValidationError

impl Display for Weekday

impl Display for dyn Value

impl<'a> Display for Unexpected<'a>

impl<'a> Display for EscapeAscii<'a>

impl<'a> Display for core::str::iter::EscapeDebug<'a>

impl<'a> Display for core::str::iter::EscapeDefault<'a>

impl<'a> Display for core::str::iter::EscapeUnicode<'a>

impl<'a> Display for Name<'a>

impl<'a> Display for PercentEncode<'a>

impl<'a> Display for ValueSet<'a>

impl<'a> Display for dyn Expected + 'a

impl<'a, 'c> Display for cookie::Display<'a, 'c>

where 'c: 'a,

impl<'a, 'e, E> Display for Base64Display<'a, 'e, E>

where E: Engine,

impl<'a, K, V> Display for std::collections::hash::map::OccupiedError<'a, K, V>

where K: Debug, V: Debug,

impl<'a, K, V, A> Display for alloc::collections::btree::map::entry::OccupiedError<'a, K, V, A>

where K: Debug + Ord, V: Debug, A: Allocator + Clone,

impl<'a, K, V, S, A> Display for OccupiedError<'a, K, V, S, A>

where K: Debug, V: Debug, A: Allocator,

impl<'a, R, G, T> Display for MappedReentrantMutexGuard<'a, R, G, T>

where R: RawMutex + 'a, G: GetThreadId + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, G, T> Display for ReentrantMutexGuard<'a, R, G, T>

where R: RawMutex + 'a, G: GetThreadId + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawMutex + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for MappedRwLockReadGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawRwLock + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for MappedRwLockWriteGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawRwLock + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for MutexGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawMutex + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for RwLockReadGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawRwLock + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for RwLockUpgradableReadGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawRwLockUpgrade + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, R, T> Display for RwLockWriteGuard<'a, R, T>

where R: RawRwLock + 'a, T: Display + 'a + ?Sized,

impl<'a, T> Display for MappedMutexGuard<'a, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<'a, T> Display for RwLockMappedWriteGuard<'a, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<'a, T> Display for RwLockReadGuard<'a, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<'a, T> Display for RwLockWriteGuard<'a, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<'c> Display for Cookie<'c>

impl<'s, T> Display for SliceVec<'s, T>

where T: Display,

impl<A> Display for ArrayVec<A>

where A: Array, <A as Array>::Item: Display,

impl<A> Display for TinyVec<A>

where A: Array, <A as Array>::Item: Display,

impl<B> Display for Cow<'_, B>

where B: Display + ToOwned + ?Sized, <B as ToOwned>::Owned: Display,

impl<E> Display for Report<E>

where E: Error,

impl<F> Display for FormatterFn<F>

where F: Fn(&mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>,

impl<I> Display for Decompositions<I>

where I: Iterator<Item = char> + Clone,

impl<I> Display for Recompositions<I>

where I: Iterator<Item = char> + Clone,

impl<I> Display for Replacements<I>

where I: Iterator<Item = char> + Clone,

impl<Ptr> Display for Pin<Ptr>

where Ptr: Display,

impl<S> Display for Host<S>

where S: AsRef<str>,

impl<T> Display for std::sync::mpsc::TrySendError<T>

impl<T> Display for std::sync::poison::TryLockError<T>

impl<T> Display for Preference<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for &T

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for &mut T

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for ThinBox<T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for core::cell::Ref<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for RefMut<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for NonZero<T>

where T: ZeroablePrimitive + Display,

impl<T> Display for Saturating<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Wrapping<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for std::sync::mpsc::SendError<T>

impl<T> Display for std::sync::mutex::MutexGuard<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for PoisonError<T>

impl<T> Display for std::sync::rwlock::RwLockReadGuard<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for std::sync::rwlock::RwLockWriteGuard<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for InternalError<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Form<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Header<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Json<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Path<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Query<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for Port<T>

impl<T> Display for DisplayValue<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for MutexGuard<'_, T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for OwnedMutexGuard<T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for OwnedRwLockWriteGuard<T>

where T: Display + ?Sized,

impl<T> Display for PollSendError<T>

impl<T> Display for QualityItem<T>

where T: Display,

impl<T> Display for SendError<T>

impl<T> Display for SendError<T>

impl<T> Display for SendError<T>

impl<T> Display for SendError<T>

impl<T> Display for SendTimeoutError<T>

impl<T> Display for SetError<T>

impl<T> Display for TrySendError<T>

impl<T> Display for Unalign<T>

where T: Unaligned + Display,

impl<T, A> Display for Box<T, A>

where T: Display + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

impl<T, A> Display for Rc<T, A>

where T: Display + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

impl<T, A> Display for Arc<T, A>

where T: Display + ?Sized, A: Allocator,

impl<T, B> Display for Ref<B, [T]>

where B: ByteSlice, T: FromBytes, [T]: Display,

impl<T, B> Display for Ref<B, T>

where B: ByteSlice, T: FromBytes + Display,

impl<T, E> Display for TryChunksError<T, E>

where E: Display,

impl<T, E> Display for TryReadyChunksError<T, E>

where E: Display,

impl<T, U> Display for OwnedMappedMutexGuard<T, U>

where U: Display + ?Sized, T: ?Sized,

impl<T, U> Display for OwnedRwLockMappedWriteGuard<T, U>

where U: Display + ?Sized, T: ?Sized,

impl<T, U> Display for OwnedRwLockReadGuard<T, U>

where U: Display + ?Sized, T: ?Sized,

impl<W> Display for IntoInnerError<W>

impl<const MIN: i8, const MAX: i8> Display for RangedI8<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: i16, const MAX: i16> Display for RangedI16<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: i32, const MAX: i32> Display for RangedI32<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: i64, const MAX: i64> Display for RangedI64<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: i128, const MAX: i128> Display for RangedI128<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: isize, const MAX: isize> Display for RangedIsize<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: u8, const MAX: u8> Display for RangedU8<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: u16, const MAX: u16> Display for RangedU16<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: u32, const MAX: u32> Display for RangedU32<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: u64, const MAX: u64> Display for RangedU64<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: u128, const MAX: u128> Display for RangedU128<MIN, MAX>

impl<const MIN: usize, const MAX: usize> Display for RangedUsize<MIN, MAX>

impl<const N: usize> Display for GetManyMutError<N>

impl<const SIZE: usize> Display for WriteBuffer<SIZE>